• 한국공간구조학회논문집
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.149-158
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• 2020

The governing equation for a dome-type shallow spatial truss subjected to a transverse load is expressed in the form of the Duffing equation, and it can be derived by considering geometrical non-linearity. When this model under constant load exceeds the critical level, unstable behavior is appeared. This phenomenon changes sensitively as the number of free-nodes increases or depends on the imperfection of the system. When the load is a periodic function, more complex behavior and low critical levels can be expected. Thus, the dynamic unstable behavior and the change in the critical point of the 3-free-nodes space truss system were analyzed in this work. The 4-th order Runge-Kutta method was used in the system analysis, while the change in the frequency domain was analyzed through FFT. The sinusoidal wave and the beating wave were utilized as the periodic load function. This unstable situation was observed by the case when all nodes had same load vector as well as by the case that the load vector had slight difference. The results showed the critical buckling level of the periodic load was lower than that of the constant load. The value is greatly influenced by the period of the load, while a lower critical point was observed when it was closer to the natural frequency in the case of a linear system. The beating wave, which is attributed to the interference of the two frequencies, exhibits slightly more behavior than the sinusoidal wave. And the changing of critical level could be observed even with slight changes in the load vector.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2009년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.109-109
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• 2009

This paper represented driving characteristic of a thin-type ultrasonic motor by fabricating and utilizing two kinds of drivers which could generate sinusoidal wave, square wave, respectively. A thin brass plate was used as a cross shaped vibrator and sixteen ceramic plates were attached on upper and bottom side of the brass plate. From the thin stator, elliptical displacements of the four contact tips were obtained. Speed, torque, and current were measured by applying sinusoidal waves through driving equipment such as function generator, power amplifier: to measure characteristic of the motor. As a result, the speed and the torque changed linearly at either driving frequency of 88.6 ~ 87.6[kHz] or voltage of 24~36[V]. Two-drivers which generate sinusoidal waves and square waves were designed respectively, and then were compared through some experiments in order to be put to practical use. In conclusion, the drivers had similar characteristic of speed-torque at similar frequency and voltage. It was able to control the motor linearly by using the driver generating square wave among two-drivers. Besides, it also was possible to make the drivers smaller.

• 대한조선학회논문집
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• 제55권6호
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• pp.527-534
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• 2018

The segment of the piston type wave board has been expressed as a submerged vertical line segment in the two dimensional wave flume. Either end of vertical line segment representing wave board could be located in fluid domain from free surface to the bottom of the flume. Naturally the segment could be extended from the bottom to the free surface of the flume. It is assumed that the piston motion of the wave board could be defined by the sinusoidal oscillation in horizontal direction. Simplified analytic solution of the submerged segment of wave board has been derived through the first order perturbation method in water of finite depth. The analytic solution has been utilized in expressing the wave generated by the piston type wave board installed on the upper or lower half of the flume. The wave form derived by the analytic solution have been compared with the wave profile obtained through the CFD calculation for the either of the above cases. It is appeared that the wave length and the wave height are coincided each other between analytic solution and CFD calculation. However the wave form obtained by CFD calculations are more closer to real wave form than those from analytic calculation. It is appeared that the linear solutions could be not only superposed by segment but also integrated by finite elements without limitation. Finally it is proven that the wave generated by the oscillation of flap type wave board could be derived by integrating the wave generated by the sinusoidal motion of the finite segment of the piston type wave board.

• 대한조선학회논문집
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• 제54권6호
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• pp.461-469
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• 2017

A segment of the wave board has been expressed as a submerged line segment in the two dimensional wave flume. The lower end of the line segment could be extended to the bottom of the wave flume and the other opposite upper end of the board could be extended to the free surface. It is assumed that the motion of the wave board could be defined by the sinusoidal motion in horizontal direction on either end of the wave board. When the amplitude of sinusoidal motion of the wave board on lower and upper end are equal, the wave board motion could express the horizontally oscillating submerged segment of piston type wave generator. The submerged segment of flap type wave generator also could be expressed by taking the motion amplitude differently for the either end of the board. The pivot point of the segment motion could play a role of hinge point of the flap type wave generator. Simplified analytic solution of oscillating submerged wave board segment in water of finite depth has been derived through the first order perturbation method at two dimensional domain. The case study of the analytic solution has been carried out and it is found out that the solution could be utilized for the design of wave generator with arbitrary shape by linear superposition.

• 한국광학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.274-279
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• 2007

광간섭 단층촬영(OCT)용으로 원통형 압전소자(PZT)와 단일모드 광섬유를 이용한 광경로 지연기를 제작하여 정현파로 구동하고 특성을 분석하였다. 제작한 OCT 시스템은 검침단과 기준단을 대칭 구동하는 이중 광경로 지연방식을 사용하였다. 정현파 구동을 통한 PZT 광경로 지연 방식은 삼각파 구동과 비교하여 입력파형의 첨두 부분에서의 비선형현상을 제거하여 높은 반복성을 나타냄을 보였고, 삼각파 구동으로는 불가능했던 부분을 영상화 할 수 있었다.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.293-300
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• 2013

본 연구는 해상풍력발전을 위한 기초적인 연구로서 풍력타워에 가해지는 조파에 대한 타워의 거동을 해석하기 위한 장치를 구축하여 그 타당성연구를 하고자한다. 파고 발생이 수조 내부에서 적절히 만들어졌으며, 이를 고속카메라와 파고계를 이용하여 시간에 따른 인공적인 파고의 발생을 측정하였으며, 이때 조파기는 세 가지 주기에 따라 파고를 발생시켰다. 본 연구에서 최저 20mm에서 시작해서 최고 34mm까지의 파고를 만들어 낼 수 있는 조파수조를 설치하여 파고를 이용한 구조물과의 상관관계를 밝히는 데 큰 도움이 되었다. 고속카메라로 촬영한 가시화된 파고를 살펴보면 소파장치가 없을 때는 단순조화운동에 그쳤으나, 소파장치를 설치한 경우에는 진행파임을 확인할 수 있었다.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제72권1호
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• pp.83-97
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• 2019

In this research, the vulnerability of some reinforced concrete frames with different stories are studied based on the Park-Ang Damage Index. The damages of the frames are investigated under various earthquakes with nonlinear dynamic analysis in IDARC software. By examining the most important characteristics of earthquake parameters, the damage index and vulnerability of these frames are investigated in this software. The intensity of Erias, velocity spectral intensity (VSI) and peak ground velocity (PGV) had the highest correlation, and root mean square of displacement ($D_{rms}$) had the lowest correlation coefficient among the parameters. Then, the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm was used, and the sinusoidal waves were equivalent to the used earthquakes according to the most influential parameters above. The damage index equivalent to these waves is estimated using nonlinear dynamics analysis. The comparison between the damages caused by earthquakes and equivalent sinusoidal waves is done too. The generations of sinusoidal waves equivalent to different earthquakes are generalized in some reinforced concrete frames. The equivalent sinusoidal wave method was exact enough because the greatest difference between the results of the main and artificial accelerator damage index was about 5 percent. Also sinusoidal waves were more consistent with the damage indices of the structures compared to the earthquake parameters.

• 한국방재안전학회논문집
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.29-35
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• 2018

이 연구의 목적은 액상화를 유발시키는 진동하중의 특성을 분석하여 실지진하중 하에서의 지반 내 과잉간극수압의 거동을 잘 모사할 수 있는 표준 진동하중을 제안하고 그 타당성을 검토하는 것이다. 이를 위해 우선, 실내진동시험에서 사용해 오던 정현하중이 실제 지진 하에서의 발생하는 액상화 거동과 다소 차이가 있음을 사례연구와 실험연구를 통해 재고찰하였다. 또한, 실지진하중 하에서의 지반 내 과잉간극수압의 거동을 잘 모사할 수 있는 새로운 유형의 조합형 정현하중을 제안하고 이를 실내진동시험 및 진동대시험을 통해 타당성을 검토하였다. 진동대시험은 주문진 표준사를 이용하여 상대밀도 40%로 재성형하였으며 정현하중 및 조합형 정현하중 시험에서는 1 Hz의 진동재하주기로 통일하여 실험을 수행하였다. 이때, 정현하중시험에서는 0.3g로 최대하중을 재하하였으며 조합형 정현하중실험에서는 최대하중 0.03 g의 1차 정현하중과 0.3 g의 2차 정현하중을 재하하였다. 또한, 1차 정현하중의 재하시간은 5 초, 10 초 및 15 초로 변화시켜 시험을 수행하였다. 연구결과, 기존의 정현하중시험과 1차 정현하중을 5초간 재하한 조합형 정현하중시험에서는 과잉간극수압의 변화가 점진적으로 증가하는 경향을 나타낸 반면, 1차 정현하중을 10초와 15초로 재하한 경우에는 2차 정현하중이 재하되는 시점에서 과잉간극수압이 급격히 상승하는 경향을 나타냄으로 실지진하중 하에서의 유발되는 지반 내 과잉간극수압을 잘 모사하는 것으로 나타났다. 연구결과, 상대밀도가 40%인 모래지반에 대해서는 제안된 조합형 정현하중이 효과가 있을 것으로 판단되며 이때, 1차 정현하중의 재하시간은 10초를 초과하는 것이 적절하다고 판단된다.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제29권10호
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• pp.625-629
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• 2016

Electrical and optical properties of the AC voltage driven organic light-emitting diodes were investigated by measuring the electroluminescence of the device. Device structure of ITO(170 nm)/TPD(40 nm)/Alq3(60 nm)/LiF(0.5 nm)/Al(100 nm) was manufactured using a thermal evaporation. Sinusoidal and square-type AC voltage was applied to the device using a function generator. Amplitude of the applied voltage was 9.0 V, and a frequency was varied from 50 Hz to 50 kHz. Electroluminescence out of the device was measured in a Si photodetector simultaneously with the applied voltage together. An intensity and a delayed residual luminescence from the device were depended on the frequency of the sinusoidal voltage. It is thought to be due to a contribution of the capacitive nature in the equivalent circuit of the device. An electron mobility was estimated using a time constant obtained from the luminescence of the device driven by the square-type AC voltage.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.72-81
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• 2018

본 논문에서는 영구자석형 동기전동기를 구동하는 인버터에서 사용할 수 있는 정현파 전류 운전 방식과 120도 운전 방식 및 150도 운전 방식에 대하여 각각 시뮬레이션을 수행하고 이것들의 운전 특성을 비교 분석한다. 이 운전 방식들은 통전각과 전동기의 상전류에 형태로 구분이 된다. 종래에는 인버터의 효율 향상을 위하여 정현파 전류 운전 방식과 120도 운전 방식 간의 전환 방법에 중점을 둔 연구가 많았으나, 본 논문에서는 이들 각각의 운전 방식에 대한 운전 특성을 비교 분석하여 그것들의 장점을 다양한 전환 방법으로 응용할 수 있도록 하는데 중점을 둔다. 이를 위하여 각각의 운전 방식에 대하여 전동기의 발생 토크, 속도 응답 특성, 상전류 THD에 대하여 시뮬레이션을 수행하였다. 그 결과로 정현파 전류 운전 방식이 3가지 운전 방식들 중에서 전체적으로 가장 좋은 성능을 보였고, 120도 운전 방식은 150도 운전 방식에 비하여 속도 응답 특성이 다소 우수하였으며, 150도 운전 방식은 120도 운전 방식에 비하여 상전류 THD가 낮은 것을 확인하였다.