• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제55권12호
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• pp.4591-4596
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• 2023

Single-photon emission computed tomography SPECT image reconstruction methods have a significant influence on image quality, with filtered back projection (FBP) and ordered subset expectation maximization (OSEM) being the most commonly used methods. In this study, we proposed newly-designed adaptive non-blind deconvolution with a structural similarity (SSIM) index that can take advantage of the FBP and OSEM image reconstruction methods. After acquiring brain SPECT images, the proposed image was obtained using an algorithm that applied the SSIM metric, defined by predicting the distribution and amount of blurring. As a result of the contrast to noise ratio (CNR) and coefficient of variation evaluation (COV), the resulting image of the proposed algorithm showed a similar trend in spatial resolution to that of FBP, while obtaining values similar to those of OSEM. In addition, we confirmed that the CNR and COV values of the proposed algorithm improved by approximately 1.69 and 1.59 times, respectively, compared with those of the algorithm involving an inappropriate deblurring process. To summarize, we proposed a new type of algorithm that combines the advantages of SPECT image reconstruction techniques and is expected to be applicable in various fields.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제53권12호
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• pp.1203-1210
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• 2020

가뭄은 다양한 수문학적 또는 기상학적 인자들이 복합적으로 작용하여 발생하기 때문에 가뭄의 사상을 정확히 평가하는 것은 어려운 일이나, 이를 정량적으로 해석하기 위해 다양한 가뭄지수들이 개발되어 왔다. 하지만 현재 활용중인 가뭄지수들은 단일변량의 부족량을 통해 산정되며, 복합적인 원인으로 발생하는 가뭄의 사상을 정확히 판단하지 못하는 문제가 있다. 단순 단일변량의 부족을 가뭄이라고 판단하기는 어렵기 때문이다. 최근에는 빅데이터 분석에서 많이 활용되고 있는 비정형 데이터를 활용하여 지수를 개발하는 연구들이 타 분야에서 진행되고 있으며 우수성이 입증되고 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 기존 가뭄지수에 활용 중인 기상 및 수문정보(강수량, 댐 유입량)에 각각 비정형 데이터(뉴스데이터)를 결합하여 가뭄지수를 산정하고, 산정된 가뭄지수의 검증을 통해 가뭄해석의 활용성을 평가하고자 한다. 결합가뭄지수 산정을 위해 Clayton Copula 함수를 활용하였으며, 매개변수 추정은 교정방법을 이용하였다. 분석결과, 기존의 가뭄지수(SPI, SDI)보다 비정형 데이터를 결합한 가뭄지수가 가뭄기간을 적절히 재현하는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) score가 기존의 가뭄지수들보다 높게 산정되어 가뭄해석에 있어 활용성이 우수하였다. 본 연구에서 산정된 결합가뭄지수는 기존 단일변량 가뭄지수의 해석적 한계를 보완하고 비정형데이터를 활용한 가뭄지수의 활용성이 우수하다는 점에서 활용성이 높다고 판단된다.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.163-167
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• 2020

Purpose: Unilateral strength training effects on contralateral sides have been demonstrated in previous studies for lower extremity exercise, upper extremity exercise, and unilateral surface electrical stimulation. This study was performed to investigate the effects of unilateral ankle training on muscle strength and the balance of contralateral lower extremity in healthy adults. Methods: Thirty healthy subjects were randomized equally to a training or a control group. Those in the training group received unilateral ankle isokinetic strengthening training of the dominant leg (right side) for 4 weeks. Contralateral single-limb balance, including Anterio-Posterior Stability Index (APSI), Medio-Lateral Stability Index (MLSI) and Overall Stability Index (OSI), was assessed before and after intervention. Results: Comparison of pre- and post-test data revealed significant improvements in ipsi- and contralateral ankle strengths, and significant improvement in contralateral single limb balance. Conclusion: These results have practical implications because they demonstrate that unilateral ankle isokinetic exercise improves ankle muscle strength and balance ability of contralateral lower extremity.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.399-407
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• 1996

A fuzzy learning algorithm to get the optimal fuzzy rules is presented in this paper. The algorithm introduces a reference model to generate a desired output and a performance index funtion instead of the performance index table. The performance index funtion is a cost function based on the error and error-rate between the reference and plant output. The cost function is minimized by a gradient method and the control input is also updated. In this case, the control rules which generate the desired response can be obtained by changing the portion of the error-rate in the cost funtion. In SISO(Single-Input Single- Output)plant, only by the learning delay, it is possible to experss the plant model and to get the desired control rules. In the long run, this algorithm gives us the good control rules with a minimal amount of prior informaiton about the environment.

• 한국고분자학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국고분자학회 2006년도 IUPAC International Symposium on Advanced Polymers for Emerging Technologies
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• pp.282-282
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• 2006

Nanoporous organosilicate thin films were realized by the microphase separation of pore generating components mixed with an organosilicate matrix. The refractive index of such nanoporous organosilicate films can be tuned in the range of $1.40{\sim}1.22$. With a nanoporous single layer with n ${\sim}1.225,\;99.85\;%$ transmittance in the visible range was achieved. In order to overcome the limitation on the narrow wavelength for high transmittance imposed by single nanoporous thin films, bilayer thin films with different reflectance for each layer were prepared by inserting high refractive index layer with a refractive index of 1.447. It is demonstrated that the novel broadband antireflection coating with improved transmittance can be easily achieved by the nanoporous bilayer thin films described in present study.

• 한국결정성장학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국결정성장학회 1999년도 PROCEEDINGS OF 99 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE KACG AND 6TH KOREA·JAPAN EMG SYMPOSIUM (ELECTRONIC MATERIALS GROWTH SYMPOSIUM), HANYANG UNIVERSITY, SEOUL, 06월 09일 JUNE 1999
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• pp.227-250
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• 1999

The reproducibility of successive growth of Bi12TiO20(BTO) single crystals using a top-seeded solution growth (TSSG) pulling method was evaluated by measuring the lattice constants and their standard deviations. A substantial phase diagram in the region close to the stoichiometric BTO was established experimentally for this purpose, and the existence of a retrograde solid solution close to a BTO was clarified. It was emphasize that a starting solution, with a 10.0~10.1 mol% TiO2 concentration, results in large single crystals with a highly homogeneous lattice constant of within $\pm$1x10-4$\AA$, when the solidified fraction of the grown crystal is less than about 45%. A wavelength dispersion of refractive index was measured for the first time, an it was verified that the refractive index of BTO is larger than that of BSO(Bi12TiO20), allowing the voltage sensitivity of EOS higher than the case with BSO as a probe head.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제76권1호
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• pp.129-139
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• 2020

In this piece of work, carbon nanotubes motion equations are framed by Kelvin's method. Employment of the Kelvin's method procedure gives birth to the tube frequency equation. It is also exhibited that the effect of frequencies is investigated by varying the different index of polynomial function. By using volume fraction for power law index, the fundamental natural frequency spectra for two forms of single-walled carbon nanotubes are calculated. The influence of frequencies against length-to-diameter ratios with varying power law index are investigated in detail for these tubes. Throughout the computation, it is observed that the frequency behavior for the boundary conditions follow as; clamped-clamped, simply supported-simply supported and these frequency curves are higher than that of clamped-free curves. Computer software MATLAB is utilized for the frequencies of single-walled carbon nanotubes.

• International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.374-385
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• 2012

The indoor noise of a ship is usually determined using the A-weighted sound pressure level. However, in order to better understand this phenomenon, evaluation parameters that more accurately reflect the human sense of hearing are required. To find the level of the satisfaction index of the noise inside a naval vessel such as "Loudness" and "Annoyance", psycho-acoustic evaluation of various sound recordings from the naval vessel was performed in a laboratory. The objective of this paper is to develop a single index of "Loudness" and "Annoyance" for noise inside a naval vessel according to a psycho-acoustic evaluation by using psychological responses such as Noise Rating (NR), Noise Criterion (NC), Room Criterion (RC), Preferred Speech Interference Level (PSIL) and loudness level. Additionally, in order to determine a single index of satisfaction for noise such as "Loudness" and "Annoyance", with respect to a human's sense of hearing, a back-propagation neural network is applied.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.145-156
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• 2003

As we understand it, Process Capability indices are intended to provide single-number assessments of ability to meet specification limits on quality characteristics of interest. As a consequence of the varied ways in which PCIs are used, there have been two natural lines of research work: $\circled1$ studies on the properties of PCIs and their estimators in many different environments; $\circled2$ construction of new PCIs purporting to have better properties in certain circumstances. The most of existing process capability indices are concerned with the single variable. But, in many cases, a quality characteristic is composed with several factors. In that case, we want to know the integrated process capability of a quality characteristic not those of each factor. In this paper, we proposed a new multivariate system process capability index called $MSPCI:SC_{psk}$ which is the geometric mean of performance measure $C_{psk}$'S, and will be used as the criterion to assess multiple response process designs. Numerical illustration is done for $SC_{psk}$, $\overline{C_p}$(f), Cp, Cpk, Cpm, and Cpsk.

• Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.17-20
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• 2004

An in-line variable attenuator has been proposed and demonstrated exploiting a side-polished single-mode (SM) fiber evanescently coupled with an index matched dielectric plate. The attenuation can be controlled by fine mechanical sliding of the index matched dielectric plate. We have achieved 49 ㏈ dynamic range and very low excess loss of 0.2 ㏈ at 1550 nm wavelength. The measured polarization dependent losses (PDL) were 0.1, 0.2, and 0.4 ㏈ at 10, 20, and 30 ㏈ attenuation, respectively. Wavelength sensitivity was measured to be -0.017/nm ㏈ at 20 ㏈ attenuation.