• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
• /
• v.6 no.1
• /
• pp.87-102
• /
• 2002

Injury has now replaced disease as the biggest single cause of death in children after their first birthday. Each day child dies from preventable, unintentional injury and the medical cost of these injury is increasing remarkably. It is necessary to develope injury prevention models to explain, predict, manage, evaluate and analyze the information about accident. The purpose of this paper is, firstly, to investigate parent's actions regarding safety measures at home and secondly, to identify the influencing factors of parents' safety behaviors. The selection of such factors is guided by the theoretical framework of the Pender's Health Promotion Model. Method ; The questionnaire was developed on the basis of other investigations, through pilot testing, peer review, and review by field health workers. The questionnaire was completed by 231 mothers of young children. Data was collected between April and May 2002. Variable Use of three different domains of safety behavior, safety habits, supervision and perception of safety devices, were listed. Mothers were self reported on internal locus of control, mother & child relationships, and marital intimacy. Also the elements of the Health Promotion Model: perceived benefit, barrier, threat, and self-efficacy, were surveyed. Results & discussion The results indicate that most parents take considerable action to reduce household hazards. The constructs derived from the Model were statistically significant differences for a small part of the variables on parental behavior to reduce hazards in the home, such as age, education, economic status, self-efficacy, perceived benefit, internal locus of control. Future studies ought to include social influences, such as expectations, perceived norms, knowledge, and child-related variables, relevant to parental safety measures in their home.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
• /
• v.19 no.2
• /
• pp.93-103
• /
• 2008

The tendency of having fewer or no children and increasing number of single household will make the protection of the elderly with geriatric disease even harder in the future. Nursing home can provide long-term care for those who can-not be cared by the family. Korean government has been changing welfare policy for the elderly to cope with the changing needs of them regarding nursing home and geriatric disease. Researchers from various field also showed great interest in nursing home. The purpose of this study is to analyze the number and contents of theses and papers regard-ing nursing home in the 12 journals, to find out overall the research streaming of the theme, method, subject, and district of the papers in the journals. Data were collected by using keyword through library database. 246 thesis and 116 papers published from 1990 to 2006 were analyzed in 7 categories, and 66 papers in the journals were used on the content analysis for lading out research streaming. As results, research streaming according to 5 periods were identified. The most frequent subjects of theses regarding nursing home are nursing home systems and policies. Otherwise, the various subjects of papers in the journals have been deal with, especially plans of nursing home and spacial behavior of the elderly and staffs' satisfaction. In the future, the research subjects related to the nursing home should deal with total space plan as living environment for the elderly and work environment for the staffs according to privacy, spatial use and behavior, culture and lifestyle in Korea, and so on.

• Land and Housing Review
• /
• v.8 no.4
• /
• pp.223-232
• /
• 2017

The purpose of this study is to identify the supply status and planning trend of North Korean housing through analysis on the North Korean architecture specialized media data. The flat composition is changing and the living room is becoming the center of the houses. Also, in the urban areas, the standard apartment type is four apartments in a row and the plan form is getting diversified into circle type, Y type, and irregular type. On the other hand, in the rural areas, two houses in a row and single house are typical and the change in planning scale and space structure are not substantial. Since the 2000s, design changes have been made to emphasize the third dimensional structure of buildings such as the elliptical houses and L-shaped houses. Furthermore, 8~10 households are located on one floor which leads to the tendency of the building enlargement. In terms of house size, a square concept was introduced to replace the initial 2~3 room concept and the basic module of the room planning the 3 room house based on $3m{\times}3m$. However, there seems to be no standard house size, and the house size may differ depending on the social classandregion. In the early 1980s, when there was focus on the apartment complex construction, the high-rise apartment buildings of 30~40 floors was planned. However, during the Pyongyang redevelopment project, apartments of more or less than 10 floors were built and row-houses of more or less than 4 floors were built. In terms of the complex scale, a lot of small complexes of around 300 households are emerging after 2010. The construction projects are mainly limited to specific regions such as Pyongyang and Samjiyeon, and also limited to specific classes such as the workers and soldiers initially and the scientists lately. In addition, living boundary composition and ancillary facilities for sufficient green area ratio securement and the people of North Korea are maintained consistently. In recent years, the specialized floor planning such as solar house and the house for the disabled people, framework houses for redevelopment business, and multi-storied house construction technology are also emerging.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
• /
• v.45 no.12
• /
• pp.1201-1211
• /
• 2012

This paper constructed the single country sequential dynamic CGE model to analyze the economic impacts of subsidizing water industry under the GHG emission abatement policy in Korea. We introduced the carbon tax to reduce the GHG emission and made two scenarios. One is to transfer the total tax revenue to household. The other is to mix the tax transfer and water industry support. Our Simulation results show that the macroeconomic effects might be positive by subsidizing water industry compared with the pure tax transfer. However, the support of water industry doesn't contribute to head for the non-energy intensive economy because it's economic activity highly depend on fossil energy and energy intensive products as intermediate demand. This means that it is important to make efforts on the cost effective measures such as energy technology progress, alternative energy development, and energy efficiency improvement in water industry against climate change policy.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
• /
• v.21 no.3
• /
• pp.171-180
• /
• 2003

In this study, the characteristics and patterns of family problems were explored. What constituted family problems, and how those evolved over the period of drastic changes in the Korean society were examined, by analyzing articles published from the 1940s to the 1980s in the four major national newspapers in Korea. A total of 6542 articles related to family problems in the four newspapers, Chosun, Dong-A, Kyunghyang, and Seoul, were used for the content analysis of this study. The main categories of family problems were classified as poverty, marital issues, issues related to children and adolescents, elderly issues, problems in the family as an institution, and the so-called family-lag problem. Each of these categories consisted of several subcategories: The poverty-related problems included the problems caused by difficulty in making a living and instability of living, for example. The marital issues category consisted of conflicts between the couple, unfaithful spouses, domestic violence, divorce, and so on. Issues related to children and adolescents included juvenile delinquency, difficulty in bringing up children, child abuse, single motherhood, and underage household heads, for example. The elderly issues included the anxiety over the aging society, support for the elderly, conflicts between mother-in-law and daughter-in-law, alienation of the elderly, etc. Problems in the family as an institution consisted of the legal issues in such areas as marriage, succession of the family head, and adoption. Lastly, the family-lag problem included confusion over family values, and conflict caused by the inconsistency between consciousness and actual behavior related to the family or family crisis. From the 1940s to the 1980s, family-lag was the most common problem (26.2% of the total articles), followed by issues related to children and adolescents (23.1%), poverty (16.2%), marital issues (15.9%), elderly issues (12.4%), and problems in the family as an institution (6.0%). During the 1940s and the 1950s, poverty was a prominent problem, and in the 1960s, issues related to children and adolescents were most commonly addressed in the articles. In the 1970s and the 1980s, the family-lag problem was the most frequently addressed.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
• /
• v.17 no.2
• /
• pp.147-172
• /
• 2013

The purpose of this study was to examine the relative influences of variables that affect baby boomers' perceptions and preparations for later life planning. An age-group comparison was made to examine differences in later life planning within baby boomers. 814 respondents were selected from The National Survey of Korean Families undertaken by the Ministry of Equality and Family in 2010. They were devided into two groups according to the year of their birth, the former baby boomers was 397 respondents who was born from 1955 to 1959, and the latter baby boomers was 417 respondents who was born from 1960 to 1963. The major results of this study were as follows: First, the former baby boomers was less likely to prepare for later life, while was more likely to be aware of their later life planning than the latter baby boomers. Second, educational attainment and the number of children affected the level of perceptions and preparations for later life planning of the former baby boomers, whereas sex and region affected those of the latter baby boomers. Third, household income and subjective awareness of economic status were the major determinants of the preparation level for later life by both the former and the latter baby boomers. Fourth, former baby boomers who had greater awareness of the need to support their parents and their children were more likely to prepare for later life. Fifth, baby boomers' subjective awareness of their economic status chiefly explained the gap between their level of perceptions and their preparation for later life, with the former baby boomers with more children and single-earner households more likely to show a gap between their level of needs and their preparation for later life.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
• /
• 2003.05a
• /
• pp.1122-1127
• /
• 2003

For many years, engineers in the field of acoustics have used the A-weighted sound pressure level (SPL). Since they were interested just in a reduction of noise, the A-weighted SPL was considered good enough to quantify noise problems. This is reasonable because loudness is usually the most important parameter for most noise problems and A-weighted SPL is often reasonably well correlated with loudness. As the overall noise levels drop, however, other parameters become more important and must be considered, Advent of sound quality came from an understanding that A-weighted SPL only reflects the loudness of a sound. It is obviously impossible to characterize a complex sound with a single number. Although product mostly has revealed physical quantities created by the standpoint of engineers, consumers perceive and evaluate products on the non-physical characteristics, such as feelings, emotions, and experiences in different social and cultural situations. Especially, for the household appliances for instance air-conditioner or refrigerator, the sound is heavily related to the satisfaction of a customer who is a real user of the product and is very important factor to decide purchasing as well as visual design. Therefore, in this research, the general tendency of consumer's psychology was investigated for the appliances. And also, in order to obtain clear guidelines fur sound manipulation, the characteristics of the sound of air-conditioning systems and refrigerators were compared with competitors'. since it is important to overcome the discrepancy between engineering and marketing, the relevance of sound manipulation must be documented from the consumer's perspective. That is the reason why we conducted a consumer and marketing oriented study.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
• /
• v.28 no.4
• /
• pp.581-597
• /
• 2017

This study evaluated the effect of consumers' knowledge and attitude toward to local foods on purchase intention. The study data were collected through a three-week online survey of 500 household food purchasers who had bought local foods within the previous year. The results are as follows. First, examining the difference in the knowledge of local foods according to socio-demographic variables revealed that married people had more knowledge of local foods than singles according to marital status, and college graduates and higher had more knowledge than high school graduates and lower according to education level. Second, as a result of examining the difference in attitudes towards local foods according to socio-demographic variables, married people more than single people according to marital status, people in their 30s more than those in their 20s according to age and college graduates and higher more than high school graduates and lower according to education level had more positive attitudes towards local foods. Third, as a result of examining the difference in consumers' purchase intention towards local foods according to socio-demographic variables, according to age, and housewives had the lowest purchase intention towards local foods according to occupation. (Ed- I cannot understand: the section 'according to socio-demographic variables, according to age, and housewives had' is confused) People engaged in office/specialized/managerial jobs and those engaged in production/sales/service had the highest purchase intention. In regard to monthly average income, households that made less than KRW 4 million had the lowest purchase intention, and those that made KRW 4-8 million had the highest purchase intention. Fourth, the knowledge of local foods affected attitudes towards local foods. Fifth, attitudes towards local foods affected consumers' purchase intention. In other words, people with positive attitudes towards local foods had higher purchase intention.

• Human Ecology Research
• /
• v.56 no.3
• /
• pp.233-246
• /
• 2018

Korean society is experiencing an increase in multicultural families and single households. The incidence of the MERS, epidemic in 2015, and the subsequent cases of child abuse have been major shocks to Korean society. In addition, there has been a steady increase in household debt, that is in danger of causing a serious crisis in the stability of our society and the family. The current demand for increased accountability in the democratic process is becoming an important topic. There is also an increased awareness of natural disaster preparation due to local earthquakes that have caused concern. At this point, the lifelong education in the home economics education field in Korea is in line with the changes and crises of various societies. Problems related to family life that have happened in the real life of learners stand in the place of the study with preventive character. It should provide the best alternative for family, home, and society, and help to overcome the problems of life. In order for lifelong education to respond to these social changes $vis-{\grave{a}}-vis$ Home Economics Education, it is necessary to develop: 'formation and improvement education of family relationship', 'crisis prevention and management coping ability training', 'safety education', 'learning communication and consensus processes', 'consumer culture education', 'ethics education on environment and resources', 'sustainability education', 'local education of family relationship', 'crisis prevention and management coping ability training', 'safety education', 'learning communication and consensus processes', 'consumer culture education', 'ethics education on environment and resources', 'sustainability education', 'local economic activation education', and other topics of lifelong education topics related to the field of Home Economics Education are required. Consequently, various related programs should be further developed and disseminated.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
• /
• v.17 no.1
• /
• pp.135-146
• /
• 2014

The improvement of adaptation capability against heat island (ACHI) by greening buildings is considered as an important measure to cope with a climate change. This study aimed to select the most appropriate zones for green roof initiative in case study sites, Bucheon, Anyang, and Suwon Cities and to investigate the characteristics of buildings for greening to improve ACHI. Relative ACHI for each lot was estimated from 0 to -9, assuming that it decreases with the distance from green space and waterbody. Low adaptation capabilities were mostly shown in the old urban blocks with dense low-rise buildings and lack of green space. Three blocks with the lowest ACHIs were chosen as a green roof initiative zone in each city. They are largely residential areas including low-rise buildings such as single, multi-household houses, townhouses, 5 or lower story apartments and few are industrial areas crowded with small factory buildings. The areas of building roof available for greening are 8.8% within the selected zones in Bucheon City, 5.3% in Anyang City, and 4.9% in Suwon City. As it were, 25.2~41.7% of the roof top areas are available for greening in these zones. It means that roof top areas of $25,000{\sim}120,000m^2$ can be used for greening within the selected zones of $0.64{\sim}1.65km^2$ to improve ACHI. The approach and results of the study are significant to provide a logical basis and information on location, scale, effect, and target figure of greening as a measure to cope with climate change.