• 한국학교보건학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.117-131
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• 1995

The purpose of this study is to grasp the nature of health behavior to pactice in order to keep and improve the optimal health in the current status of the cancer patients. The subjects were 21 cancer patients, who knew about their disease for themselves, could communicate without mental disease history, and could understand the purpose of this study and cooperate, in a university hospital in Seoul. The data were collected by direct interview from July 15 to Oct. 17, 1994. The interview took about 1~2hours per one time for each paitent by unstructural and open questions. And they were classified into some similar contents on the basis of the phenomenological analysis and categorized. The analyzed results are as follows: 1) In the daily life before and after diagnosis as cancer patients, they were categorized into 6 areas-the state of movement, sleeping, nutrition and diet, society and economy, drinking and somking, and recognition of their health. 2) In the experience of health behavior of cancer patents, they were categorized into 7 areas-the state of movement, sleeping, nutrition and diet, society and economy, drinking and smoking, recognition of their health, and psychology etc. According to the analyzed results of daily life before diagnosis as cancer patients, it turned out that they didn't recognize the problems for their health habit and made their disease state bad by irresolute characteristics which hesitated to practice rightly, renunciation, and irresponsibility and so on, even if they had much interests in their health and were motivated. Therefore, it is necessary to recognize and have an individual-centric interests in order to change the pattern of life for optimal health state to some extent. In the health behavior of cancer patients, it turned out that they had interests in the state of nutrition and diet the most. Even though they experienced the change of serious nutritive state due to the bad gastroenteric trouble by anticancer treatment, they were trying to have a regular eating habit refraining from irritant food and use folk remedies or healthy food temperating the taste food thoroughly, they also showed the sensitive response for nutrition. In addition, they appeared to use the traditional medical treatment or the folk remedies very seriously without abuse. In consideration of it, it is desirable to use them together with the modern medical treatment intercomplementarily and necessary to look into the types for cancer patients and their benefits.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.129-136
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• 1987

의대생들의 B형바이러스성 간염의 감염율을 조사하고 그 예방대책을 강구하기 위하여 경북의대 1, 2, 3학년 가운데 B형 간염 백신 예방접종을 받은 학생을 제외한 자원자 385명을 대상으로 HBsAg, anti-HBs, anti-HBc를 RIA방법으로 측정하여 B형간염 감염율을 조사하고 설문지로 수혈력, 침술력, 수술력을 조사하고 HBsAg양성인 사람은 16개월 후에 재검사하여 변화양상을 조사하였다. HBsAg양성율은 6.8%이었으며 연령에 대한 보정을 했을 때 남자가 7.2%로 여자의 4.9%보다 높았으며, anti-HBs양성율은 35.8% (남자 36.1%, 여자 37 9%), anti-HBc양성율은 45.5% (남자 46.5%, 여자 44.5%)이었다. 따라서 B형간염 감염율은 49.1%로서 역시 남자(50.3%)가 여자보다(46.5%) 높았다. 학년별 HBsAg양성율 및 HBV감염율의 차이는 연령구성의 차이에 기인된 것 이었으며 연령별 HBsAg양성율은 20세가 1.7%, 21세 6.6%, 22세 6.1%, 23세 12.2%, 24세 이상에서 6.4%로 23세에서 가장 높게 나타났다. HBV감염율은 20세에서 45.8%, 21세 41.5%, 22세 49.5%, 23세 55.4%, 24세이상에서 59.6%로 나타나 연령이 증가할수록 감염율은 증가하였다. 이와같은 연령별 차이는 통계적으로 유의한 것은 아니었으나 타 연구결과와 종합해 볼 때 연령별 차이가 있을 것으로 생각되므로 같은 연령의 다른 학교 및 다른 계층을 대상으로 조사해 보고 연령에 따른 차이가 생기는 이유를 규명한다면 이 연령층에서 B형간염의 주요전파 경로를 밝힐 수 있을 것으로 생각된다. HBsAg양성인 26명가운데 1명만이 B형간염을 않고 있는 환자로 밝혀졌고 이들은 16개월 후에 재경사한 결과 검사에 응한 24명 중 22명이 계속 HBsAg양성이고 2명은 음성으로 되고 anti-HBs가 양성으로 나타났다. 본 연구 결과로 보아 20세 이전에 약 반이 B형간염에 감염되었고 재학중에도 감염이 일어나고 있으므로 입학 즉시 감염여부를 확인하고 미감염자에 대해 예방접종을 실시하고 임상에 종사하기 시작할 때 추가접종하는 것이 이상적일 것으로 생각된다.

• 수면정신생리
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.37-44
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• 2001

목 적 : 최근 수면장애에 대한 3가지 진단 분류 체계가 발달하였다. 즉 국제 수면장애 분류(the International Classification of Sleep Disorder, ICSD), 정신장애의 진단 및 통계 편람 제 4 판(the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual, 4th edition, DSM-IV) 그리고 국제 질병 분류 제 10 판(the International Classification of Diseases, 10th edition, ICD-10)이다. 국내에는 이들 진단 체계간의 비교에 대한 자료가 거의 없다. 본 저자들은 수면 문제로 정신과에 의뢰된 환자를 DSM-IV와 ICSD에 따라 진단하고 이를 비교하여 그 차이를 비교하고자 하였다. 방 법 : 고려대학부속 안암병원에 입원 환자 중 수면장애로 정신과에 의뢰된 284명의 환자를 대상으로 ICSD를 숙수면장애에 대한 ICSD와 DSM-IV 진단 비교 44지하지 않은 정신과 전공의와 ICSD를 숙지한 정신과 전공의가 비구조화된 면담을 시행하고, DSM-IV와 ICSD의 진단 기준에 따라 임상적 진단을 하여 그 차이를 비교하였다. 결 과 : DSM-IV 진단 분류에는 "기타 정신장애 관련 불면증"(전체의 61.1%)과 "일반적인 의학적 상태로 인한 섬망"(26.8%)이 빈도가 가장 높았다. ICSD에서는 "신경과적 장애가 동반된 수면장애" (38.4%)와 "정신과적 장애가 동반된 수면장애" (33.1%)의 빈도가 가장 높았다. DSM-IV와 ICSD의 비교에서, DSM-IV에서 신체적 질환이나 정신과적 질환과 무관한 수면장애로 진단된 환자군은 대부분 ICSD와 일치하였고, 이들 중 DSM-IV의 "일차적 불면증"은 ICSD의 "정신생리적 불면증"과 "부적수면위생"으로 구분되었다. DSM-IV에서 신체적 질환이나 정신과적 질환에 의한 수면장애를 가진 269명 중 62명(23%)이 ICSD와 불일치하였고 이들 중 대부분이 ICSD에서 신체적 질환이나 정신과적 질환과 무관한 수면장애인 "부적수면위생", "환경성 수면장애", "적응성 수면장애" 그리고 "수면결핍장애" 등이었다. 결 론 : 본 연구에서 DSM-IV와 ICSD의 진단 체계가 많은 부분 일치하였으나, 간과할 수 없는 차이를 가지고 있음을 확인하였다. 이 차이는 수면장애에 대한 임상의의 태도를 반영한다. 즉, 수면장애에 대한 개념화와 원인에 대한 임상의의 이해 정도에 따라, 수면장애를 진단하지 못하거나 적절한 치료를 할 수 없다. 따라서 본 연구에서 나타난 DSM-IV와 ICSD에 대한 임상의의 이해 정도는 중요하다고 할 수 있다.

• 대한예방한의학회지
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.119-141
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• 2000

The current industrial health service is shifting to health improvement business with 1st primary prevention-focused service from secondary and tertiary prevention-focused business, and Oriental medicine can provide such primary prevention-focused service due to the characteristics of its science. In particular, the advanced concept of health improvement can match the science of health care of Oriental medicine. Notably, what is most important in health improvement is our lifestyle, This does not underestimate the socio-environmental factors, which have lessened their importance due to modernism. The approach of Oriental medicine weighs more individuals' lifestyle and health care through self-cultivation. This matches the new model of advanced health business. Oriental medicine is less systemized than Western medicine, but it can provide ample contents that enhance health. If we conceive health-improvement program based on the advantages provided by these two medical systems, this will influence workers to the benefit of their health. Also, health Program needs to define factors that determine individual lives, and to provide information and technologies essential to our lives. The Oriental medicine approach puts more stress on a subject's capabilities than it does on the effect his surrounding environment can have. This needs to be supported theoretically by not only defining the relations between an individual's health state and his lifestyle, but also identifying the degree to which an individual in the industrial work place practices health improvement lifestyle . This is the first step toward initiating health-improvement business . In order to do this, this researcher conducted a survey by taking random samplings from workers, and can draw the following conclusions from it. 1 The sampled group is categorized into', by sender, female 6.6%, and male 93.4%, with males dominant; by marriage status , unmarried 43.9% and married 55.6%, with both similar percentage, and, by age, below 30, 48.4%, between 30 and 39, 27.4%, between 40 and 49, 18.2%, and over 50, 6.0%. The group further is categorized into; by education, middle school or under 1.7%, high school 30.5%, and junior college or higher 65.8% with high school and higher dominant: and by income, below 1.7 million won 24.2%, below 2.4 million won 14.8%, and above 2.4 million 6.3% Still, the group by job is categorized into collegians with 23.9%, office worker with 10.3%, and professionals with 65.8% , and this group does not include workers engaged in production that are needed for this research, but mostly office workers . 2. The subjects selected for this survey show their degree of practicing health-improvement lifestyle at an average of 2.63, health management pattern at 2.64, and health-related awareness at 2.62 The sub-divisions of health-improvement lifestyle show social emotion (2.87), food (2.66). favorite food (2.59), and leisure activities (2.52), in this order for higher points. It further shows health awareness (2.47) and safety awareness (2.40), lower points than those in health management pattern . 3. In the area of using leisure time for health-improvement, males, older people, married, and people with higher income earn higher marks. And, in the area of food management, the older and married earn higher marks . In the area of favorite food management, females, lower-income bracket, and lower-educated show higher degree of practice , while in the area of social emotion management, the older. married, and higher-income bracket show higher marks. In addition, in the area of health awareness, the older, married, and people with higher-income show higher degree of practice. 4. To look at correlation by overall and divisional health-improvement practice degree , this researcher has analyzed the data using Person's correlation coefficient. The lifestyle shows significant correlation with its six sub-divisions, and use of leisure time, food, and health awareness all show significant correlation with their sub-divisions. And. the social emotion and safety awareness show significant correlation with all sub-divisions except favorite food management.

• 간호행정학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.247-275
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to offer the results of content analysis and qualitative study that explored the perceptions about quality nursing care of patients and families as consumers and to identify the implications of this study for quality nursing care management and research. The data was collected from 12 adult patients and 9 families who were admmitted at medical and surgical nursing unit of one university hospital in Seoul from October, 1996 to January, 1997. Research participants were asked to response "what do you think quality nursing care?" and similar questions during the interviews was performed. Data were analyzed using open coding and content analysis with frequencies and percents of attributes of quality nursing care. Attributes of quality nursing care and meaning of quality nursing care that patients and families perceived were explored. 1. The attributes of quality nursing care that patient and families perceived were categorized into 56 attributes. The highest response rate among the attributes was 'one's heart at ease' (76.2%), and the next high response rates were ranked in order 'consideration' , 'care about' (each 61.9% 'expert skill' (57.1%), 'deal with problem promptly' , 'information offer' (42.9%), 'intimate feeling' (38.1%), 'smile' 'service spirit' , 'do one's best' (each 33.3%), 'frequent visit' (23.8%), 'observe the time' (23.8%), 'direct nursing care' , 'speaking warmly' , give a hope' , 'address kindly' , 'a sense of duty' , 'good facilities' (each 19.0%), 'inquire after a patient health' , 'patient-centered nursing care' , 'showing an example' , 'professional knowledge' , 'careless moraly patient' , 'give encourage to patients' , 'good answer a question' (each 14.3%), 'do not imprudently' , 'do not disregard' , 'broad knowledge' , 'emergency treatment skill' , 'dependability' ,'consolation' giving a sense of security' , 'a self sacrificing spirit' , 'a sense of responsibility' 'hard - working', 'enough disposition of nursing staff (each 9.5%), 'improve patient's pride' and the rest attributes exhibited 4.7%, respectively. 2. The attributes that were identified in patients' data only were 8 categories, 'service sprit' (58.3 %) 'expert knowledge' , 'good answer a question' (each 25.0%), 'hard working' (16.7%), 'a warm character', 'professional attainments', 'do without reserve', 'satisfaction' (each 8.3%), 3. The attributes were identified to families' data only were 31 categories, 'speaking warmly' , 'direct nursing care', 'adress kindly', 'patientcentered nursing care', 'showing an example' (each 33.3%). 'do not imprudently' , 'do not disregard' , 'consolation', 'giving a sense of security', 'broad knowledge' , 'emergency treatment skill', 'dependability' ,'a self - sacrificing spirit', 'a sense of responsibility' (each 22.2%), 'improve patient's pride' , 'without discrimination' , 'show kindness' , 'individual nursing care', 'being with patient' , 'helping' , 'accuracy' , 'without any mistake' , 'love' , 'self - confidence', 'self possession', 'a self - denying spirit' , 'a sense of duty' , 'tighten discipline' , 'disposed room with similar patient to diagnosis', 'compensatory relationship between me dical team' , 'role of connection' (each 11.1 %). 4. The attributes of quality nursing care were integrated into 11 categories that they were 'patientcentered nursing care' (25.1%), 'expertise' (22.1%), 'caring'(18.1%), 'kindness'(11.1%L 'nurse attainments(10.1%), 'sincerity' (7.5%), 'good environment' (2.0%), 'effective organizational management', 'coordination', 'enough nursing staff' ( each 1.0%), 'satisfaction' (0.5%) were showed in the order of the highest rate. 5. The concept of quality nursing care were defined as 'give a satisfaction to patients by patientcentered care based on professional skill and caring with kindness and sincerity'. The description of the meaning of quality nursing care provided by this research participants, patients and families can provide important information for quality nursing care management, medical marketing, education and researches of this field. On the basis of the above findings the following recommendations are made: to suggest to utilize this results for patient care in practice setting, development of quality assessment tool in nursing care, repeat study by the same subjects and method, and to a comparative study by the same method to nurse.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제46권2호
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• pp.72-83
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• 2016

Purpose: The goal of this study was to evaluate the long-term success of horizontal alveolar crest augmentation of the retromolar region of the mandible with particulated bone, as well as factors affecting subsequent peri-implant bone loss. Methods: A total of 109 patients (68 female, 41 male) suffering from alveolar ridge deficiencies of the maxilla and mandible were included in this study. All patients were treated with particulated retromolar bone grafts from the mandible prior to the insertion of endosseous dental implants. Mesial and distal peri-implant crestal bone changes were assessed at six time points. Several parameters, including implant survival and the influence of age, gender, localisation of the implant, diameter, covering procedures, and time points of implant placement, were analysed to identify associations with bone level changes using the Mann-Whitney U-test, the Kruskal-Wallis test, and Spearman's rank-order correlation coefficient. Results: A total of 164 dental implants were placed in the maxilla (n=97) and in the mandible (n=67). The mean observation period was $105.26{\pm}21.58$ months after implantation. The overall survival rate was 97.6% after 10 years. Overall, peri-implant bone loss was highest during the first year, but decreased over time. The mean amount of bone loss after 10 years was 2.47 mm mesially and 2.50 mm distally. Bone loss was significantly influenced by implant type and primary stability. Conclusions: The use of particulated autologous retromolar bone grafts is a reliable technique for the horizontal reconstruction of local alveolar ridge deficiencies. Our results demonstrate that implants placed in augmented bone demonstrated similar bone level changes compared to implants inserted in non-augmented regions.

• 정보관리학회지
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.109-124
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• 2017

여러 학문 분야에서 데이터의 공유와 재이용에 관한 관심이 증가하고 있다. 실제로 다른 연구자의 데이터를 다시 연구에 사용하고 인용을 부여하는 관행이 서서히 자리를 잡아가고 있다. 이러한 변화를 반영하여 톰슨로이터는 Data Citation Index(DCI)라는 데이터인용 색인 데이터베이스 서비스를 2012년부터 제공하기 시작하였다. DCI는 모든 학문의 전 영역에서 데이터의 인용 현황을 저널의 논문과 유사하게 집계한다. 본 연구에서는 데이터인용이 활발한 사회학 분야의 인용된 연구데이터를 분석하여 해당 분야의 특성과 지적구조를 규명하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 논문인용을 기반으로 한 사회학 분야의 지적구조와 비교하였으며, 사회학 분야의 연구데이터의 특성과 고유한 지적구조를 살펴보고자 하였다. 분석을 위한 데이터는 두 종류로 수집하였다. 첫째는 DCI에서 'Sociology'로 주제 검색을 수행하여 총 8,365건의 인용된 데이터를 수집하였다. 둘째로, 논문 인용 분석과의 비교를 위해서 Web of Science에서 'Sociology'로 주제 검색을 수행하여 총 12,132건의 데이터를 수집하였다. 이 두 데이터를 활용하여 저자키워드 동시출현단어 분석을 수행한 결과, 데이터를 기반으로 한 사회학 분야는 2영역 15군집으로 구성된 반면, 논문을 기반으로 한 사회학 분야는 3영역 17군집으로 나타났다. 내용적인 특성을 살펴보면, 전통적으로 사회학의 지적구조를 나타낸다고 볼 수 있는 논문 기반 사회학과 달리 사회학 분야의 연구데이터는 의학 분야와의 활발한 접목을 찾아볼 수 있으며, 그 중에서도 공중보건과 심리학이 중심 영역인 것으로 나타났다.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.96-102
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• 2013

Obesity, an intractable metabolic disease, currently has no medical treatment without side effects, so studies have been actively carried out to find natural compounds that have anti-obesity activity with minimum side effects. In this study, the anti-obesity effects of water extracts of seven Capsicum annuum L. varieties being Putgochu (Pca), Oyee gochu (Oca), Kwari putgochu (Kca), Green pepper (Gca), Yellow paprika (Yca), Red paprika (Rca) and Cheongyang gochu (Cca), were examined through the evaluation of lipoprotein lipase (LPL) mRNA expression level in 3T3-L1 cells (mouse pre-adipocytes). After capsaicin elimination by chloroform defatting, freeze-dried powder of Cca was treated to 3T3-L1 cells and anti-obesity effects were examined by determining the LPL mRNA level using the RT-PCR method. Of the primary fractions, only proven fractions underwent secondary and tertiary refractionating to determine anti-obesity effects. From seven different Capsicum annuum L., there was a significant decrease of the LPL mRNA expression level of 50.9% in Cca treatment compared to the control group. A significant decrease of the LPL mRNA expression level was shown in primary fractions (Fr) 5 (36.2% decrease) and 6 (30.5% decrease) of the Cca water extracts. Due to the impurities checked by UPLC chromatography, Fr 5 and 6 were refractionated to determine the LPL mRNA expression level. Treatment of Fr 6-6 (35.8% decrease) and Fr 5-6 (35.3% decrease) showed a significant decrease in the LPL mRNA expression level. When analyzed using UPLC, major compounds of Fr 6-6 and Fr 5-6 were very similar. Subsequently, we refractionated Fr 6-6 and Fr 5-6 to isolate the major peak for structure elucidation. Treatment of Fr 5-6-1 (26.6% decrease) and Fr 6-6-1 (29.7% decrease) showed a significant decrease in the LPL mRNA expression level. Consequently, the fractions may have a possibility to ameliorate obesity through the decrease of the LPL mRNA expression level.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권14호
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• pp.6055-6059
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• 2015

Background: Medication policy development in Thailand is continually promoting rational drug use. Letrozole, an endocrine therapy drug, is usually prescribed for post-menopausal status early and advanced stage breast cancer. After Ministry of Public Health announced Letrozole as compulsory licensed drug in 2009, more breast cancer patients can access to this drug at low cost especially those within universal coverage schemes. To ensure that Letrozole is rationally prescribed, the drug utilization study was conducted. Objectives: The aim of this study was to describe the appropriate use of Letrozole in breast cancer and the relationship between appropriate use and health benefit schemes. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study to evaluate use of Letrozole in breast cancer patients was performed for six months between January - June 2010 in seven regional cancer hospitals, Thailand. All prescriptions of Letrozole were identified from pharmacy dispensing databases and prescription papers. A medical record review was also performed to evaluate appropriate use referring to the drug use evaluation criteria. The approved criterion of this study was referred from the guideline of Thai National Formulary version 2010. Results: There were 681 prescriptions of Letrozole for 254 breast cancer patients with an average age of $58.6{\pm}10.0years$. The patients in universal coverage scheme (UCS), civil servant medication benefit scheme (CSMBS) and social security scheme (SSS) were 77.7%, 18.5% and 8.7% respectively. 10.6% were prescribed Letrozole for the first time. Letrozole were prescribed by oncologists (82.8%). The average number of tablets per prescription was $58{\pm}10$. Calcium supplements were prescribed concomitant with Letrozole for 19.4%. To assess drug use evaluation criteria, 45 prescriptions were excluded because of uncompleted clinical data, 636 prescriptions were evaluated. The study showed 86 prescriptions (13.5%) with inappropriate use including 6 (0.9%) not prescribed for estrogen receptor (ER) and/or progesterone receptor (PR) positive, 31 (4.9%) not prescribed for post-menopausal and 49 (7.7%) not prescribed for an appropriate duration. Appropriate use percentages in different health benefit schemes were similar, 85.7% of CSMBS, 86.4% of SSS and 86.7% of UCS. The relationship between health benefit scheme and appropriate use of Letrozole was not significantly different, ${\chi}^2$ (2, N = 636) = 0.081, p > 0.05. Conclusions: The study showed inappropriate use in breast cancer patients because of non-compliance with duration, menopausal status and hormone receptor requirements. To prescribe appropriate indication did not referred to the appropriate practice along the treatment. Drug use evaluation proved very useful for detecting the sign of inappropriate use and allows immediate feedback to the stakeholder for developing medication policy in the future. Importantly, there was no significantly difference in appropriate use of Letrozole across health benefit schemes.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.197-204
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• 2007

Objectives : This study was conducted to evaluate the public's awareness of the importance of hand washing and to compare perceptions on the habit of hand washing with actual hand washing behavior. Methods : Data were collected by observing 2,800 participants washing their hands after using public restrooms in seven cities nationwide and by surveying 1,000 respondents (age > 14 years) through telephone interviews using a structured questionnaire. Results : Although 94% of the survey respondents claimed to mostly or always wash their hands after using public restrooms, only 63.4% of the observed participants did wash their hands after using public restrooms. Significant factors related to increased adherence to hand washing were female gender, approximate ages of 20 to 39 years by their appearance, and the presence of other people from the observation. About 79% of the survey respondents always washed their hands after using bathrooms at home, 73% washed their hands before handling food, and 67% washed their hands upon returning to their home. However, 93.2% and 86.3% of the survey respondents did not wash their hands after coughing or sneezing and after handling money, respectively. Although most of the survey respondents (77.6%) were aware that hand washing is helpful in preventing communicable diseases, 39.6% of the survey respondents did not do so because they were 'not accustomed' to washing their hands and 30.2% thought that washing their hands is 'annoying'. Conclusions : This is the first comprehensive report on hand washing behavior and awareness of the general population in Korea. The result of this study in terms of individual behavior and awareness of hand washing are comparable with similar studies conducted in other countries. However adherence to hand washing is still low and needs to be increased. The results of this study can be used as a baseline in setting up strategies and activities to promote adherence to hand washing.