• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.1025-1029
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• 2000

This study was conducted to investigate whether a DNA comet assay could be applied for identifying irradiated pork and beef. Pork and beef were irradiated with Co-60 gamma rays at 0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7 and 1.0 kGy, and stored in a freezer Cells separated from the samples were embedded in agarose gel on a slide, dissolved in a lysis solution, and electrophoresed at 2 V/cm for 2.0 min by horizontal electrophoesis. The cells were then stained with a silver staining in order to visualize the DNA using a micro-scope. The DNA fragments of the irradiated cells stretched or migrated out of the cells and formed tails towards the anode, giving the appearance of comets, while unirradiated cells formed very short or no tails. The distance of DNA migration increased with irradiation dose. Since the statistical analysis showed a significant correlation between tail length and irradiation dose, a DNA comet assay could provide not only identification but also estimation of the irradiation dose for irradiated beef and pork.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.105-112
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• 1989

The nuclear polyhedrosis viruses of Bombyx mori (BmNPV) and Hyphantria cunea (HcNPV) were characterized by electron microscopic observation, SDS-PAGE of polyhedral and virion proteins, and restriction endonuclease analysis of viral DNAs. Polyhedra of BmNPV were octadecahedral in shape with the diameter of $3 \mu\textrm{m}$, whereas those of HcNPV showed irregular appearances having the diameter of $1.5~2\mu\textrm{m}$. Under alkaline protease inactivated condition, polyhedral proteins of two NPVs were resolved into a major polypeptide, 30~31 KD, and several minor polypeptides by SDS-PAGE. Examination of virion proteins by silver staining after SDS-PAGE showed that BmNPV was composed of 47 polypeptides with M.W. range of 9.6~112 KD and HcNPV was composed of 48 polypeptides with M.W. range of 9.4~111 KD. The approximate genome size of two NPVs were determined by restriction endonuclease analysis: BmNPV and HcNPV were 114.6 Kb, respectively.

• The Korean Journal of Malacology
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.1-17
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• 1996

Morphological and histochemical characteristics of the cells in posterior tentacle antenna of Korean slug, Incilaria fruhstorferi were observed with light microscope. The epithelium of the posterior tentacle antenna was composed of supporting cells, sensory neurons and type-a clear cell. The columnar supporting epithelium was widely distributed in the posterior tentacle antenna, and the upper end of the cell was covered with acidic mucopolysaccharide. Nerve endings of the sensory neuron were distributed between type-a clear cells. It was usually located in tentacular knob, and the number of them gradually decrdased as close as tentacular stalk. Several cilia were observed on the nerve ending. Type-a clear cells were very brightly stained with all staining used, and the neutral mucous guanules distributed in the cytoplasm. Collar cells, type-b clear cell and various types of secrdtory cells distributed in the connective tissue. The collar cells were clustering in connective tissue, and the cytoplasm were filled with neutral mucous guanules. The cells and granules were stained with dark brown by silver nitrate stain. Type-b clear cells were irregular in shape and their cytoplasms were brightly stained wth many stains used. Ten types of secretory cells evenly distributed in the connective tissue and muscle layers of the posterior tentacle antenna. The five types of the secretory cells(A, B, E, J and L)seemed to secrete acidic mucopolysaccharide, and the other five type of the cell(C, D, F, H, and L)seemed to secrete neutral mucopolysaccharide. Muscular tissue composed of well-developed thick longitudinal muscle layers and thin circular muscle layers. Type-L secretory cells clustered only in muscular layers and they contained acidic mucopolysaccharides.

• 보존과학연구
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• s.20
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• pp.5-20
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• 1999

We have analyzed the allele and genotype frequencies from 10 fractions of ancient human skeleton in 3 pieces of Jar coffin excavated from Naju Bokamni3rd tumulus by PCR amplification, high resolution polyacrylamide gelelectorphoresis and silver staining. We could isolate human genomic DNA from 3 bone fractions but the rest of them could not be used as materials due to being decayed. We could detect sex determination as male and 3 genotypes of STR system, HUMTHO1, HUMTPOX and HUMC5F1PO from the bone fraction of left side in Jar coffin 3 and see the slightly reaction suggesting the sex as male from the bone fraction of the left side in Jar coffin 2 and female from the right side in Jar coffin 3.We have also analyzed the genotype frequencies of mitochondria from the bone fractions of the left side and the right side in jar coffin 3, respectively. From the result of indetifiying at nucletide position between 16018 and 16378of the base of hyper variable region(HV1) in the control region, We can presume that the both bones have the same maternal inheritance.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.97-103
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• 2003

Purpose: This study aims to determine the infection rate of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) in gastric cancer patients who received gastrectomies, and to compare the rates of H.pylori infection detected by serological test and that of histopathological test, and to evaluate its clinical meaning. Materials and Methods: Fifty two patients were selected from those who underwent gastrectomies at the Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, from March 1997 to May 1997. The control group consisted of healthy 103 persons visited the center for health promotion in Samsung Medical Center. In both groups, we quantitatively checked serum level of IgG anti H. pylori antibody titer by ELISA using GAP IgG test kit (BioRad, USA) for the serological test, and we microscopically examined the surgical specimen stained by Warthin-Starry silver staining method for the histopathological test. Results: The seropositive rate of H. pylori in the patients' group was $71.2\%$ (37/52), and the control group was $65.0\%$ (67/103). The difference between two groups was statistically significant. However the histopathological study showed that the overall detection rate of H. pylori was $61.5\%$ (32/52) in the patients' group and $61.2\%$ (63/103) in the control group; nd this difference was not statistically significant Conclusion: We could confirm that H.pylori infection rate in the gastric cancer resected patients was statistically higher than in the normal healthy persons even in small population. And the detection method for the H. pylori infection by serological test was presumed to be better than that of histopathological test using surgical specimen. Further study for the larger population by well-organized multicenters will be needed.

• Reproductive and Developmental Biology
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.183-187
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• 2009

This study analyzed change of proteins in granulosa cells during the porcine follicuar development by proteomics techniques. Granulosa cells of the follicles, of which the diameter is $2{\sim}4\;mm$ and $6{\sim}10\;mm$, were collected from ovary of slaughtered pig that each follicle of diameter $1{\sim}4\;mm$ and $6{\sim}10\;mm$. We extracted glanulosa cell proteins by M-PER Mammalian Protein Extraction Reagent. Proteins were refined by clean-up kit and quantified by Bradford method until total protein was $200{\mu}l$. Immobilized pH gradient(IPG) strip used 18 cm, $3{\sim}10\;NL$. SDS-PAGE used 10% acrylamide gel. After silver staining, Melanie 7 and naked eye test were used for spot analyzation. Increasing proteins in glanulosa cell of $6{\sim}10\;mm$ follicle were 7 spots. This spots were analyzed by MALDI-TOF MS and searched on NCBInr. In results, 7 spots were similar to zinc/ling finger protein 3 precursor (RING finger protein 203), angiomotin, heat shock 60 kDa protein 1 (chaperonin) isoform 1 (HSP60), similar to transducin-like enhancer protein 1 (TLE 1), SH3 and PX domains 2A (SH3PXD2A). Those proteins were related with transfer between cells. Increase of proteins has an effect on follicular development.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.193-198
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• 2012

Changes in the expression profiles of specific proteins leads to serious human diseases, including colitis. The proteomic changes related to colitis and the differential expression between tuberculous (TC) and ulcerative colitis (UC) in colon tissue from colitis patients has not been defined. We therefore performed a proteomic analysis of human TC and UC mucosal tissue. Total protein was obtained from the colon mucosal tissue of normal, TC, and UC patients, and resolved by 2-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE). The results were analyzed with PDQuest using silver staining. We used matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight/time-of-flight spectrometry (MALDI TOF/TOF) to identify proteins differentially expressed in TC and UC. Of the over 1,000 proteins isolated, three in TC tissue and two in UC tissue displayed altered expression when compared to normal tissue. Moreover, two proteins were differentially expressed in a comparative analysis between TC and UC. These were identified as mutant ${\beta}$-actin, ${\alpha}$-enolase and Charcot-Leyden crystal protein. In particular, the expression of ${\alpha}$-enolase was significantly greater in TC compared with normal tissue, but decreased in comparison to UC, implying that ${\alpha}$-enolase may represent a biomarker for differential diagnosis of TC and UC. This study therefore provides a valuable resource for the molecular and diagnostic analysis of human colitis.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.43 no.5
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• pp.399-404
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• 2011

Genetic diversity among 28 Cymbidium varieties was evaluated by using a sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP) marker system. The SRAP marker which was based on the open reading frames (ORFs) regions was developed primarily for Brassica species, but has been applied to various crops. A total of 30 SRAP primer combinations were initially screened. Twenty-eight SRAP primer combinations showed high polymorphism among the 28 Cymbidium varieties, which were consisted of breeding varieties and their parents in National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science (NIHHS). The amplified DNA fragments were separated by denaturing acrylamide gels and detected silver staining method. One hundred ninety six polymorphic bands (7 per primer) were generated and ranged from 0.3 to 1.0 kb in size. Polymorphic fragments were scored for calculating simple matching coefficient of genetic similarity and cluster analysis with multi-variate statistical package (MVSP) 3.1. The mean genetic similarity coefficient value was 0.588. The results showed that the correlation between $F_1$ varieties and their parents was high. These studied SRAP markers will be useful tools for genotype identification, germplasm conservation, genetic relationships in Cymbidium.

• Applied Microscopy
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.357-365
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• 2000

Paneth cells have been suggested to contribute to the elimination of excess metals into the intestinal lumen. The purpose of this study wat to investigate the changes of the zinc pools in rats subjected to functional loading with zinc salt by mean of both light and electron microscopical autometallography (AMG). Wistar rats 4 were administrated with zinc chloride (20 mg/kg body weight) intraperitoneally dissolved in 1 ml distilled water. The control group received 1 ml saline IP. After further one hour the animals were transcardially perfused with 0.4% sodium sulphide dissolved in 0.1 M PB fellowed by 3% glutaraldehyde solution for 10 minutes. Pieces of ileum were frozen with solid $CO_2$ and sectioned on a cryostat. The sections $(20{\mu}m)$ were autometallographically developed. Sections selected for EM were reembedded on top of a blank Epon block, from which ultrathin sections (100 nm) were cut. The ultrathin sections were double stained with uranyl acetate (30 min) and lead citrate (5 min), then examined under electron microscope. Studies of comparable sections from control and zinc loaded animals with the AMG selenium method gave quite different results. The control animals demonstrated a weakly positive staining in the cytoplasm of the Paneth cells. In the electron microscope the AMG silver grains were found to be located in the cytoplasm, while the electron dense secretary granules and other cell organelles were void of staining. Few AMG grains were located at the apical surface of the Paneth cells. In sections from zinc loaded rats, the AMG grains were seen in abundance in the lumen of the Lieberkuhn crypts at light microscopic levels. At EM levels the zinc revealing silver grains were located in the cytoplasm as in the controls, but much more AMG grains were shifted into the secretary granules. Furthermore, profound AMG grains were found in the lumen of the crypts and surrounding vessels. And a few grains were seen in the endothelium. The AMG technique demonstrated a pattern of AMG grains in the Paneth cells that strongly suggests a transport of zinc ions through these cells.

• The Korean Journal of Zoology
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.89-108
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• 1980

Comparative studies on the parafollicular cells of the some mammalian species from five different orders were carried out; i.e., man from Primates, cattle, pig, and black goat from Artiodactyla, dog from Carnivora, rabbit from Lagomorpha, rat, mouse, and squirrel from Rodentia. For this study, various special techniques for the parafollicular cells, including Grimelius' silver impregnation method (Sawicki and Bajko, 1974), Singh's argentaffin method (Singh, 1964), HCl-toluidine blue stain (Sawicki, 1971), and HCl-lead hematoxylin stain (Solcia et al., 1969), were applied. Authors obtained the following results: 1. Number of parafollicular cells in the same area of thyroid tissues are significantly different from species to species. Number of cells were largest in dog and less cells were found in the following orders; rat, squirrel, mouse, rabbit, cattle, pig, black goat and finally the smallest number in man. 2. Distribution of parafollicular cells within thyroid gland are significantly different from portion to portion in case of cattle, rabbit, squirrel and mouse, but it is not significant in dog, man, pig, black goat and rat (see Table 1-1 and 1-2). 3. In dog, clustered parafollicular cells are located usually in the interfollicular space, and groups of parafollicular cells are located in the para-and/or inter-follicular positions in rabbit. But in the other animals parafollicular cells are found solitarily in the intra-and/or para-follicular positions. 4. The shape of parafollicular cells shows oval to round contour in dog, but it is polymorphic, for example, spindle, conical, oval, round or elongated with cytoplasmic processes, in the other animals. 5. Size of parafollicular cells is larger in cattle, dog and pig, smaller in rat, mouse and squirrel, and medium-size in rabbit, man and black goat. 6. Parafollicular cells of pig, cattle, dog and squirrel are observed to contain densely packed granules, whereas those of mouse, rat and man contain relatively scanty granules. 7. Parafollicular cells of all the mammals show more or less positive reaction to Grimelius' argyrophile silver impregnation method, HCl-toluidine blue stain and HCl-lead hematoxylin stain, whereas they show negative reaction to argentaffin method (see Table 2). 8. Considering the above finding, it is concluded that there are species differences in the distribution, location and shape of parafollicular cells, and infer that preferable staining method should be selected for reliable detection of parafollicular cells, beacuse staining methods applied on the cells in this study show variable reactions according to species.