• 제목/요약/키워드: side wood

검색결과 147건 처리시간 0.03초

원통형 단판적층재의 접착성 및 도장처리에 따른 표면내구성 (Bonding Quality of Cylindrical LVL and Surface Durability by Its Painting)

  • 서진석;김종인;황성욱;박상범
    • Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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    • 제40권6호
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    • pp.418-423
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    • 2012
  • 원통형 단판적층재(LVL)의 구조재 이외의 공예재 등의 용도개발을 위하여 원통형 단판적층재의 내수접착성과 도장처리에 따른 내마모성 및 표면경도를 측정하였다. 레조시놀 수지와 경화제(paraformaldehyde)를 100 : 5의 혼합비로 하여 접착 경화한 원통형 단판적층재의 전체적인 접착층에 대한 삶음박리 접착력은 양호한 편이었다. 내마모성은 횡단면이 접선단면보다 상대적으로 우수하였으며, 접선단면에 자외선 차단 오일을 도장 처리한 경우 내마모성이 향상되었다. 표면경도는 횡단면의 경우, 낙엽송 중심재가 라디에타소나무 단판적층 부위보다 높았고, 접선단면의 경우에는 접착층 부위가 단판부위보다 높게 나타났다.

서울 동관왕묘 소조상의 비파괴진단 및 제작기법 해석 (Interpretation of Making Techniques and Nondestructive Diagnosis for the Clay Statues in Donggwanwangmyo Shrine, Seoul)

  • 이정은;한나라;이찬희
    • 보존과학회지
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    • 제29권1호
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    • pp.35-45
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    • 2013
  • 서울 동관왕묘(보물 제142호) 소조상은 균열, 박리, 박락 및 탈락 등의 물리적 훼손과 먼지 오염물, 색상별 안료의 부분변색 등 손상이 발생하였다. 초음파 측정을 통해 소조상 내부의 물리적 훼손상태를 확인한 결과, 우장군 전면 하단부에서 가장 낮은 저속도대가 나타났다. 안료층의 결함상태는 적외선열화상 조사를 통해 정량적으로 평가하였으며, 박락부분에서 고온영역이 확인되었다. 감마선과 적외선 TV 촬영, 주사전자현미경 관찰 결과, 소조상은 목심으로 기초를 만들고 연결부위는 가는 철사를 이용하여 고정하였다. 고정된 목심은 새끼줄로 밀착 후 소조토로 성형하였다. 소조토는 균열과 탈락방지를 위해 볏짚을 혼합하였으며, 한지와 면섬유를 덧발라 안료층과 구분한 것으로 나타났다.

영건의궤(營建儀軌)에 실린 목부재용어(木部材用語)의 용례(用例)와 변천(變遷)에 관(關)한 연구(硏究) (A study on the examples and changes of wooden member terms in Yeonggeon-euigwe)

  • 김재웅;이봉수
    • 건축역사연구
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    • 제17권5호
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    • pp.71-94
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    • 2008
  • This study examines the examples and changes of wooden member terms in Yeonggeon-euigwe(營建儀軌) in the era of Joseon Dynasty. As a result of examining examples, about 240 wood member terms were found on the basis of phonetic value and examples different from today's term use were also confirmed. Wood member terms were derived in variety and synonym and different style, that is, coexistence or transition of several notations as the term indicating the same member was found. Derivation of detail terms has the characteristic increasing on the basis of morpheme and formation of different notation followed Chinese notation or was caused by complex coinage features like a coined word of Korea by the meaning of a word and borrowed character notation borrowing sound and it is also related to the specificity of that time which had dual language system. The typical examples without different style for long were pillar, rafter, door and window. Examples with active generation and selection of different styles included beam, capital and bracket-system terms. Different styles were caused by the combination of several notations including borrowed character in the process of Chinese character notation borrowing sound, Korean unique character emphasizing and limiting combination of 木 (wood) with side of character and Chinese. Period showing remarkable change of example notation was the compilation of ${\ll}$the Hwa-Sung-Sung-Euk-Eui-Gue${\gg}$ 華城城役儀軌. ${\ll}$the Hwa-Sung-Sung-Euk-Eui-Gue${\gg}$ is the representative type uigwe made by printed type not by handicraft. Printing by type accompanies unification of the shape of a character necessarily and it was considered that it resulted in the unification of character of different style, the number of strokes and minute difference of strokes, and it was interpreted that common use of intentional notation with the unification of the shape of a character was achieved.

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고려 나전국화넝쿨무늬합의 제작기법 연구 (A Study on the Manufacturing Technique of Goryeo Lacquered Box)

  • 박수진;송정일;김한슬;조아현;박종서
    • 보존과학회지
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    • 제36권6호
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    • pp.483-493
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    • 2020
  • X-선을 이용한 비파괴 조사와, 현미경 조사를 통해 고려 나전국화넝쿨무늬합(고려나전합)의 구조와 제작기법을 확인하고, 보존상태를 파악하였다. 조사결과, 고려 나전국화넝쿨무늬합은 침엽수재를 바탕재료로 사용하였으며, 목재 위에는 직물을 바른 뒤에 옻칠을 한 것으로 확인되었다. 합의 구조는 판재를 반화형으로 가공한 뒤에 측면에 목재를 덧붙여서 제작하였고, 측벽으로 사용한 부재는 일정한 간격으로 칼집을 내어서 곡선형으로 가공하기 용이하게 만든 것으로 확인되었다. 나전의 가공은 주름질을 사용하였으며, 대모장식에는 복채기법이 사용되었다. 금속선은 단선과 착선이 사용되었다.

일본잎갈나무재의 수용성추출물 첨가가 표고버섯의 톱밥재배에 미치는 영향 (Effect of Water Soluble fraction from Japanese Larch Wood on Sawdust Cultivation of Lentinula edodes)

  • 조남석;정흥채;김동훈;이상선
    • Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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    • 제32권1호
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    • pp.35-44
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    • 2004
  • 표고버섯(Lentinula edodes)의 생장이 매우 좋았던 일본잎갈나무재의 수용성 추출물(water-soluble fraction, WSF)을 분리하여 구성당을 분석한 결과, rhamnose 및 mannose는 거의 없고, glucose도 2.2%로 매우 낮았으며, arabinose가 18.3%, galactose가 75.3%로서 가장 많이 함유되어 있었다. 정제된 추출물의 arabinose와 galactose의 함량비는 1 : 3.4였다. 정제된 WSF를 완전메틸화·가수분해·가스크로마토그래피에 의하여 분석한 결과, β-1,3 결합한 D- galactopyranose가 주쇄를 이루며, 이에 galactose의 C6위에 측쇄로서 β-1,6 결합한 D-galactose와, β-1,6 결합한 L-arabinose가 존재하며, 전자는 2-3개의 D-galactopyranose가 결합을 하고 있고, 후자는 L-arabinofuranose가 1-2개 중간의 측쇄구조를 이루고, 말단은 L-arabinopyranose로 구성되어 있었다. PDA배지에 WSF첨가로 표고의 균사 생장이 매우 증진되었으며, 2 - 4% 첨가수준에서 균사 생장이 최대였고, 첨가량이 더 많으면 균사의 생장이 오히려 감소되었다. 톱밥배지에서도 PDA 배지에서의 결과와 마찬가지로 WSF첨가로 균사 생장이 증진되었으며, 산림 6호 및 Mok-H의 경우 모두 4% 첨가에서 균사의 생장이 최대로 나타났다. 톱밥배지에 WSF 첨가가 버섯생산량을 증가시켰는바, Mok-H의 경우 무첨가에 비해 약 1.3배, 산림 6호의 경우 1.2배 증수되었다. 버섯균 세포벽의 주성분인 ergosterol 함량변화를 측정한 결과, WSF첨가로 미첨가에 비하여 ergosterol의 함량이 증가하였으며, 균사가 콜로니를 형성하는 초기단계에서는 낮은 ergosterol함량을 나타냈으나 자실체가 형성되는 시기에 급격히 높아지는 결과를 나타냈다. 따라서 배지내의 ergosterol함량이 자실체형성의 주요 예측수단으로 이용될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

붕산처리(硼酸處理) 합판(合板)의 열판건조(熱板乾燥) 및 동적(動的) 탄성율(彈性率)에 관(關)한 연구(硏究) (Studies on Press Drying and Dynamic Elastic Modulus of Plywood Treated with Boric Acid)

  • 김종만
    • Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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    • 제15권3호
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    • pp.56-67
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    • 1987
  • Plywoods used for construction as a decorative interior material are inflammable and can make fire accidents, causing destruction of human life and property. Therefore, it is indeed required to make fire-retardant treated plywood. In this study, 3.7mm yellow meranti plywoods were soaked in 18% boric acid solutions and tap water by hot-cold bath for 1/2, 2/2, 4/2, 6/2 hours and redrying of treated plywoods was carried out by press drying at the platen temperature of 110, 130, 160, $180^{\circ}C$ and then it was conducted to investigate solution absorption, drying rates, dynamic young's modulus. specific gravity and fire-retardant factors such as burning point, flame spread length. flame exhausted time, back side carbonized area and weight loss by treating time, treating solutions and platen temperature. The results are as follows; 1. When plywood was impregnated with the hot bath temperature of $70^{\circ}C$ for 1. 2, 4, 6 hours and the cold bath temperature of $15^{\circ}C$ for 2 hours respectively, retentions of boric acid were 1.565, l.597, 1.643, 1.709kg/$(30cm)^3$ and all of them exceeded the minimum retention [1.125kg/$(30cm)^3$] even in the shortest treatment. 2. In hot-cold bath method for 1/2 hours, the drying rates of treated plywood remarkably increased with the extension of platen temperature of 110, 130, 160, $180^{\circ}C$ and the values of boric acid treated plywood were 5.900, 10.196, 45.42, 54.958m.c%/min and the values of water treated plywood were 6.014, 12.373, 46.520, 55.730m.c%/min and drying rates of water treated plywood were faster than those of boric acid treated plywood. 3. The values of boric acid treated plywoods in dynamic young's modulus were widely higher than those of water treated plywoods. And it can be observed that there were highly significant differences for treating time between dynamic young's modulus, and the values of boric acid plywoods increased with the extension of treating time but on the contrary water treated plywoods were decreased values with prolonged time 4. It was observed that there were highly significant differences for platen temperature between dynamic young's modulus. When the values of water treated plywoods in dyna nic young's modulus were abruptly decreased according to the rise of platen temperature. boric acid treated plywoods showed rather increased values at $160^{\circ}C$ of platen temperature. And in 2- way interactions, there were also highly significant for dynamic young's modulus between treating time x treating solutions and platen temperature x treating solutions. 5. Correlation coefficients of fire-retardant factors were shown in table 5. It could be recognized that there were close correlations between the treating solutions and burning point, flame spread length, back side carbonized area, flame exhausted time and weight loss, but there was no correlation between fire-retardant factors and treating time and platen temperature. 6. From table 6, it can be observed that there were highly significant differences for burning point, flame spread length, flame exhausted time, back side carbonized area, weight loss between treating solutions. And in 2-way interactions, there were highly significant for burning point, flame spread length, weight loss between treating time $\times$ treating solutions.

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도공원지의 특성에 따른 도공액 침투성 평가 (Investigation of Coating Color Penetration depending on the Properties of Base Paper)

  • 김봉용
    • 펄프종이기술
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    • 제46권2호
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    • pp.16-21
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    • 2014
  • Characteristics of coating color penetration into paper were elucidated using various types of pulps and pigments. A commercial paper, KP and TMP handsheets were used for base paper. Clay and GCC were used as coating pigment. Laboratory rod draw down coater was used for coating application. Coating color penetration was evaluated by measuring the roughness of surface and back side of a coating layer. The results of coating roughness showed that clay was much better than GCC as a coating pigment. In case of pulp type, KP base paper was more effective than TMP base paper to reduce coating penetration.

방사성탄소연대 위글매칭에 의한 순천 송광사 불패의 연대측정 (Wiggle Matching Radiocarbon Dates of a Buddhist Wooden Tablet (Bulpae) at Songkwangsa Temple, Suncheon, Korea)

  • 연정아;박원규
    • 한국가구학회지
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    • 제25권1호
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    • pp.55-60
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    • 2014
  • The objective of this study was to date a Buddhist wooden Tablet (No. 271) at Songkwangsa Temple, Suncheon, Korea, using wiggle matching of radiocarbon dates. For wiggle matching, three samples (2nd, 16th and 34~35th rings from inner side) in the pedestal of the Tablet were selected among total of 37 tree rings. Wiggle matching the radiocarbon dates of three samples resulted in A.D. 1660~1679 (95.4% confidence interval) for the outermost ring. This interval suggested the age of this tablet as the late 17th century, which was almost at the same age as other early Buddhist tablets in Korea.

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Firewood Plantation as an Alternative Source of Energy in the Philippines

  • Yao, Calixto E.;Bae, Ki-Kang
    • Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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    • 제24권3호
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    • pp.171-174
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    • 2008
  • The increasing price of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) has forced many households to shift to firewood/charcoal in the Philippines, causing tremendous pressure on the dwindling forest. This transition is more obvious in the rural area where firewood price is almost half of that in the cities. Both problems on big demand for firewood and the pressure on our forest can be partly solved by going into firewood plantation. After all, the country has vast track of idle lands, both private and government lands, waiting to be developed. What the government can do are: a) aggressive promotion of firewood plantation, b) simplify further the old technology on establishing firewood plantation to encourage more farmers, c) improve charcoal processing and d) promote the use of efficient stoves. This write up discusses the need for firewood plantation, areas available for planting, where to plant in farms, what species to plant in a particular soil type/location for optimum growth, planting methods, harvesting, marketing, and the side lights on the ecological benefits derived from plantation aside from wood.

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노량행궁의 복원을 위한 기초연구 (A Basic Study for the Restoration of Noryang Temporary Palace)

  • 구욱희
    • 대한건축학회논문집:계획계
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    • 제34권5호
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    • pp.109-118
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    • 2018
  • Noryang Temporary Palace was a place where king Jeongjo (1752-1800) would have lunch after crossing the Temporary Palace River on his way to Hwaseong Temporary Palace to worship at Hyeonryungwon, the tomb of his father, Sadoseja. The government offices in charge of ship bridge construction 'Jugyosa' and 'Byeoljangso' were located in the Temporary Palace. The central buildings of the Haenggung Palace, which ranged up to Yongyangbongjeojeong, were arranged to observe both 'Jugyosa' and 'Byeoljangso' from the Temporary Palace by lifting the ground from Sammun Gate to Yongyangbongjeojeong. Yongyangbongjeojeong, the center of Noryang Temporary Palace, features the style of royal palace architecture and functions of housing architecture. The 'Jugyosa' and 'Byeoljangso' buildings had eight quarters. According to the records, in addition, 15 wood sheds, 5 rice hubs, 3 barns, 1 side gate quarter, 1 front gate, 70 separate sheds, 2 suragan temporary buildings, oesammun gate and hongsalmun gate were found. Such architectural layout is matched with the Temporary Palace Jugyohwaneodo Painting.