• 대한조선학회논문집
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• 제42권5호
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• pp.516-527
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• 2005

It has been estimated that up to $80\%$ of all marine accidents have human elements as a cause. Out of these, human elements of crew fatigue is one of the main causes of marine accident. Crew fatigue involves sleep, schedule, workload, off-time, alcohol, health and stress. With a ship handling simulator, the effect of alcohol on ship operational performance is studied for each 0.05 and 0.08 $\%$ blood alcohol concentrations(BAC). The main effect of alcohol was found that ship operational performance was significantly impaired by alcohol compared to that in the non-alcohol condition. The results of this research can be used as basic data to minimize marine accidents.

• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제36권5호
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• pp.295-302
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• 2022

The initial response to a marine accident can play a key role to minimize the accident. Therefore, various decision support systems have been developed using sensors, simulations, and active response equipment. In this study, we developed an algorithm to predict damage locations using ship motion data with bidirectional long short-term memory (BiLSTM), a type of recurrent neural network. To reflect the low frequency ship motion characteristics, 200 time-series data collected for 100 s were considered as input values. Heave, roll, and pitch were used as features for the prediction model. The F1-score of the BiLSTM model was 0.92; this was an improvement over the F1-score of 0.90 of a prior model. Furthermore, 53 of 75 locations of damage had an F1-score above 0.90. The model predicted the damage location with high accuracy, allowing for a quick initial response even if the ship did not have flood sensors. The model can be used as input data with high accuracy for a real-time progressive flooding simulator on board.

• 한국항해항만학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국항해항만학회 1998년도 제 23회 정기총회 및 추계학술발표회
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• pp.65-73
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• 1998

Ship's positino data obtaining method is ine of the very important factor innavigation . Nowadays, GPS(Global Positioning System) using the earth orbiting satellites are equipped and operated for the position finding. Because it provides more precise position information than other equipments and is very convenient for navigator. In this study, it is designed to develop the GPS simulator for everybody being able to proactise the GPS operating skill like as navigation planning, navigation calculating etc. And also, it can be operated with personal computer without real GPS receiver. This simulation system is based on the real GPS receiver system and built by the visual basic 5.0 program. And it displays the ship's position and navigating information and plots the ship's moving track on the screen in real time according as initial setup data-main engine's rpm, rudder angle, depature position and waypoint.

• 한국항해항만학회지
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.611-618
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• 2003

It can be said that the relationship between the maneuvering ability of operators and the navigational environment affects the safe degree of navigation in the collision avoidance situation. In order to reduce the occurrence probability of accident and to maintain the safety, it is necessary to clarify the relationship between human behavior and navigational environment. In this study, therefore, we analyzed and discussed the relationship between the maneuvering characteristics and the safety focused on human behavior as a fundamental factor of marine accidents using ship handling simulator and questionnaire. As a result, we concluded that navigational environment changes variously and the maneuvering ability of operators also varies with the navigational environment, and the ship handling characteristics strongly affect the occurrence probability of accident.

• 한국항해학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.443-453
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• 2001

선박조종시뮬레이터는 해기사의 교육 훈련, 항만 수로 설계 시 안전성 평가, 선박설계시 조종성능의 검토등으로 널리 활용되고 있다. 본 논문은 최근 한국해양대학교에서 개발한 선박조종시뮬레이터를 소개하고 개발 과정과 활용에 대하여 논의한다. 본 시뮬레이터는 Operation Panel, Instructor's Console, Ship Dynamics Calculation, 3D Bridge View, 2D Bird's Eye View 및 Navigational Indicators의 6구성요소로 이루어져 있으며, 이를 위해 8대의 퍼스널 컴퓨터가 배치되어 있다. 모든 구성요소들은 효율적인 정보 교환을 위하여 분산처리네트워크 방식으로 연결되어 있다. 또한, 본 논문은 항만내에서의 저속 시 조종운동 수학모델과 가상현실 모델링에 대해서도 논의한다. 마지막으로, 부산항에 대한 2축2타선박의 접안 조종 시뮬레이션 예를 보여주고 있다.

• 한국항해학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.219-226
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• 2000

Ship's position data obtaining method is one of the very important factor in navigation. Nowadays, GPS(Global Positioning System) using the earth orbiting satellites are equipped and operated for the position finding. Because it provides more precise position information than other equipments and is very convenient for navigator. In this study, it is designed to develop the GPS simulator for everybody being able to practise the GPS operating skill like as navigation planning, navigation calculating etc. And also, it can be operated with personal computer without real GPS receiver. This simulation system is based on the real GPS receiver and built by the visual basic 5.0 program. And it displays the ship's position and navigating information and plots the ship's moving track on the screen in real time according as initial setup data-main engine's rpm, rudder angle, departure position and waypoint.

• 한국항해항만학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국항해항만학회 2005년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.109-117
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• 2005

알코올이 인간의 행동과 수행도에 미치는 영향에 대한 연구는 항공기와 자동차의 운전을 중심으로 많이 이루어져 왔으며, 기존의 연구를 통해 선박의 당직 전 및 당직 중의 음주는 안전운항에 큰 영향을 미친다고 할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 승선 중 음주 실태를 파악하기 위하여, 선택형 설문지를 교육중인 사관들에게 배포하여 얻어진 118명으로부터의 결과를 조사하였다. 알코올 의존도에 관한 자가진단결과에 따르면, 조사대상자의 27% 이상이 알코올 남용 증세를 나타내었다. 또한, 승선 중 음주 현황 및 인식에 관한 결과를 바탕으로, 선박운항 시뮬레이터를 이용한 음주 운항 시나리오를 마련하였으며, 알코올이 선박운항능력에 미치는 영향을 알아보았다. 실험결과를 분석한 결과, 알코올의 섭취가 선박운항능력을 다소 저하시키는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 분석결과는 앞으로 선박운항자의 피로에 의한 해양사고 발생을 근본적으로 줄이기 위한 기초 자료로 활용할 수 있을 것이다.

• 한국항해항만학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국항해항만학회 2006년도 추계학술대회 논문집(제2권)
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• pp.13-17
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• 2006

Almost every day close passage or near miss events happens in south part of Istanbul Strait between the vessel runs in the local area and pass strait transit. The vessels run in the local area pass close bow or aft of transit vessel or come close and wait for transit vessel because of inexperienced or incompetent skipper or because of time limitation or failure in technical equipment or lack of technical equipment or old equipment. This close passages create profound dangers for the surroundings. By the this research has been aimed to point out mentioned dangers by the concrete as number. For this purpose has been utilized JMS Ship Handling Simulator which has been settled in ITU Maritime Faculty and Environmental Stress Model which has been built up and improved in Inoue Laboratory. Has been put in the senarios which been played during simulation implementations transferred to the numerical risk occured during passage of South Part of Istanbul Strait by the Environmental Stress Model . Thus so, the riskwhich Istanbul Strait face everyday has been expressed as numerical and concrete.

• 한국항해학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 1996

The assesment of the safety of ship's transit in a curved narrow channel consists of the maneuvering safety determined by the chance of running aground, the maneuvering difficulty determined by ship's workload, and shiphandler's subjective evaluation. In this study, to examine the correlation between shiphandler's subjective evaluation and the maneuvering safety, the real-time and full-mission shiphandling simulator in the Korea Marine Training & Research Institute(KMTRI) was utilized. On the conning bridge of the shiphandling simulator, 50 experienced masters have conducted the modeled vessel of 60, 000 deadweight tonnage along the designed channel under 3 different environmental conditions. It was possible to assess and analyze theoretically the correlation between the shiphandler's subjective evaluation and maneuvering difficulty under each environmental condition by quantifying the data obtained from the tests. The results are as follows: $\circled1$ As the degree of maneuvering difficulty increases, the shiphandler's subjective evaluation increases in the designed channel under the designed environmental condition. $\circled2$ In the straight area, not the bend of the designed channel, maneuvering difficulty increases sharply under the environmental condition of current and wind coming from the stern.

• 해양환경안전학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.35-45
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• 1996

The assesment of the safety of ship's transit in a curved narrow channel consists of the maneuvering safety determined by the chance of running aground, the maneuvering difficulty determined by ship's workload, and shiphandler's subjective evaluation. In this study to examine the correlation between shiphandler's subjective evaluation and the maneuvering risk, the real-time and full-mission shiphandling simulator in the Korea Marine Training & Research Institutes(KMTRI) was utilized. On the conning bridge of the shiphandling simulator, 50 experienced masters conducted the modeled vessel of 60,000 deadweight tonnage along the designed channel under 3 different environmental conditions. The findings were as follows : (1) The frequencies of stress levels, work difficulties, vessel controllability and overall workload of shiphandlers are similar irrespective of environmental conditions and they are able to be represented as shiphandler's subjective evaluation. (2) It s possible to assess and analyze theoretically the correlation between the shiphandler's subjective evaluation and maneuvering risk under each environmental condition by quantifying the data obtained from the test. The results are as follows : ① As the degree of maneuvering risk increases, the shiphandler's subjective evaluation increases sharply near the curvature area of the designed channel. ② In the area of the curvature of the designed channel, maneuvering risk sincreases sharply with the danger of running aground under the environmental condition of current and wind coming from the stern.