• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.49 no.1
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• pp.28-69
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• 2019

We conducted taxonomical investigations based on morphological characteristics, fruit morphology, and literature research on the tribe Potentilleae (Rosaceae) in Korea covering seven genera and 24 species. The style position on the ovary and the shape of style were useful characteristics for the classification of subtribal and generic levels in the tribe Potentilleae. The subtribe Fragariinae is characterized by subbasal or lateral style on the ovary and anthers with one theca. The subtribe Potentillinae has a subterminal style on the ovary, except for Argentina, which presents a subterminal and lateral style and anthers with two thecae. These results support the recent taxonomic recognition that i) the tribe Potentilleae consists of two subtribes, and ii) genera such as Dasiphora, Comarum, and Sibbaldianthe sometimes included in Potentilla s.l. are treated as independent genus. In the subtribe Potentillinae, Argentina, which has been treated as Potentilla, is supported as a distinct genus according to the characteristics of the subterminal and lateral style position and the ventral stipular auricles. In Fragaria, F. nipponica subsp. chejuensis, which has generally small leaves and a limited distribution only on Hallasan Mt., is supported by treatment as an endemic species. Duchesnea chrysantha is distinguished from D. indica by the characteristics of light green or yellowish green leaves, thin and somewhat membranous leaflets, and broad ovate or obovate leaflets. Each complex of P. dickinsii and P. chinensis remains unresolved with regard to controversy over the taxonomic circumscription due to their external morphological variations. Additional taxonomical research and molecular population studies are required for a more in-depth understanding of the tribe Potentilleae in Korea.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.12 no.3 s.30
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• pp.237-250
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• 2006

This study was to investigate physicochemical and sensory evaluation properties of chicken jerky with pear, pineapple and kiwi extracts. Moisture content range was $25.87{\sim}27.55％$, and crude protein and crude fat turned out to satisfy the jerky standard. Degree of saline was $5.34{\sim}5.44％$, and that value showed lower level of T-1, T-2 and T-3 sample than C-1. The pH levels of the samples with fruit extracts were low, and, as the storage period was extended, they increased. The initial level of water activation was $0.732{\sim}0.756%$, which proved significant in the storage period(p<0.01). Hardness value of jerky products was $45.25{\sim}49.66{\times}10^5dyne/cm^2$, and the kiwi extract added jerky samples showed the lowest. Strength value range was $89.37{\sim}108.16{\times}10^5dyne/cm^2$, and the S-1 was the highest. It has significance between contrasting groups and comparing ones and among the storage periods(p<0.01). The color value of early jerky products showed 4.80, the highest, and the shape and the texture showed above 4.50, and the flavor was above 4.30, which became lower as the storage periods at normal temperature were extended.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.21-29
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• 2005

This study was done to obtain their morphological traits to analyse genetic diversity and intraspecific relationship of 47 Polygonatum species collected from Gyeongnam province. Plant height was the highest in P. thunbergii but the shortest in P. involucratum. Growth habit and its colors were classified to 3 groups, respectively. Leaf shapes were sorted to 5 groups including lanceolate with petiole or none, petiole colors were done to 3 groups including a species having dark green leaves of purple colored margin. Flower shapes were divided as 3 groups of urceolate, tubular and gourd shapes, and its colors were white, greenish white and light green, especially light green in a species with gourd shape. Filament shapes were two types of flatness and cylinder. Peduncle color and bract attached below it showed 4 types, respectively. Fruit shapes were sorted to 3 groups. In 100-fruit weights P. ordoratum var. pluriflorum showed the greatest but P. involucratum did the least. Two species were completely resistant to leaf brightness although 7 species showed less than 7 % infection rates. Rhizome yields ranged from 4.4 g to 94.8 g per plant, showing their significant variation. In correlation analysis between 9 major characters, rhizome yield per plant was positively correlated with plant height, stalk diameter, leaf number, leaf length and width, and rhizome diameter but leaf brightness was negatively done with plant height, stalk diameter, leaf number and length, 100-seed weight, rhizome yield per plan and rhizome diameter.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.833-836
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• 2013

'Hei' is a new cultivar of red with black flesh; originated from the cross of two inbred lines, mother plant, TKUI separated from 'Kame' in 2007 and father plant, TLB separated from tomato collected in Europe by pedigree breeding method. 'Hei' was tested for specific character and productivity of lines of tomatoes in spring for 2 years, 2008 to 2009. This variety had resistance to powdery mildew. 'Hei' is an indeterminate type. The fruit shape is round and the skin color is blackish red. The average fruit weight of 'Hei' is about 127.9 g and marketable yield is $5,715kg{\cdot}10a^{-1}$. Lycopene contents of 'Hei' are about $18.5mg{\cdot}100g^{-1}$, high compared with other tomato ($3.1mg{\cdot}100g^{-1}$). 'Hei' is suitable for environment-friendly protected cultivation because of resistance to powdery mildew.

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.47 no.2
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• pp.106-111
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• 2017

Capparis pubifolia B. S. Sun is reported here as a new addition to the flora of Vietnam. It is morphologically allied to C. sikkimensis Kurz but differs due to the gray-yellow color of the hair of the twigs, having more secondary veins on the leaf, trichomes on both surfaces of the petal, and a globose shape of the fruit. Thus far, it was only reported in the Guangxi and Yunnan areas of China. A description, a line drawing and color photographs are provided for species identification. Furthermore, a comparison of the diagnostic characters with those of related species is made.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.481-491
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to find out how important providing nutrition education to young students is. The study is based on the assumption that students' food behavior, nutrition knowledge and cognition of body image, weight control and nutrition education are considerably influenced by gender. A total of 495 students (249 boy and 246 girl students) were surveyed in one middle school located Siheungsi, Gyeonggido. The average height and weight of the boy and girl students are 164.6 cm, 54.4 kg and l58.5cm, 47kg, respectively. According to average BMI, the boy students($20.0kg/m^2$) are in the normal state. However, the girl students($18.2kg/m^2$) are underweight. For the status of meal intake, 52.4% of the students took breakfast everyday. Female students had dinner with lower intake frequency than males(p<0.05). For snack intake, the kinds of snack differ according to gender(p<0.05); more milk for male and more fruit for female students. The scores of dietary behavior based on Mini Dietary Assessment were 21.5/30 for male and 21.3/30 for female students. The nutrition knowledge scores of 4.6/10 for male and 4.6/10 for female students were not significantly different according to gender. The score of dietary behavior is based on Mini Dietary Assessment. The survey shows that in terms of the experience of weight control, 35.5% of the girl students have made an effort to watch their weight and 21.8% of the boy students have tried controlling their weight(p<0.0001). It turns out that the students who have been provided nutrition education are more satisfied with their body shape than those who have never been provided nutrition education(p<0.05).

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.404-410
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• 2009

This study was carried out to develop a self-propelled type explosive subsoiler for improving the root zone soil conditions in orchard and other forest fields. Prototype was designed to be able to inject air and other soil improving material such as lime into soil at the same time, and thus improve the air permeability and drainage of orchard soils to promote the root growth of tree for high quality fruit production. Soil penetration device of explosive subsoiler is composed of air hammer, penetration rob and air injection nozzle. To support the soil penetration device of explosive subsoiler to penetrate vertically, modified Scott-Russel mechanism was used. Timing control device for simultaneous injection of soil improving material with air was attached to the out side wall of air cylinder and as the cylinder move, the soil improving material was injected into soil at the same time. Turning radius of prototype was 2.2-2.3 m with good mobility in sloped land. It took approximately 1 minute for lime injection system to reach the optimum pressure of 9.9 kg/$cm^2$, average 10-20 seconds were required to rupture soil with the depth of 50 cm and 2-3 seconds were required for explosion, so all in all about 1 minute and 20 seconds were required for one cycle of explosion. Maximum soil rupture depth and diameter were 50 cm and 3-4 m respectively depending on the soil type and soil moisture content. For final design of explosive subsoiler inclination angle of lime hopper was increased from 60 degree to 70 degree and the shape of hopper was changed from rectangular cone to circular cone to solve the clogging problem of lime at out let. Agitating system operated by compressed air was attached to the metering device of the prototype, thus more than 90 cc of lime was discharged per cycle from metering device without clogging problems.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.108-121
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• 2000

This study seeks what kind of factors influence to locate dwellings and to establish scenic spots in nature by a case study focused on a meandering stream. The study specially concentrates on the interrelationship between both residences and beautiful sceneries and a meander cut-off-area that reveals a special topographical characteristics, located at Samji village in Youngyang-eup, Youngyang-gun, Koungsangbuk-do. The meander cut-off area, developed at the middle or upper reaches of a river, often makes up specific landscapes such as precipitous cliffs, sheer cliffs and caves. And the area where is specially created by sudden change of flow due to erosion ;perceived by the cut surface to be the most beautiful scenic spot. These beautiful landscapes were used to be called as Dae, Dam or Gul and managed by Confucian scholars who enjoy refined taste and devote themselves to the study in nature. Moreover, the Ku-Hado-literary means the area of ex-flow-made the scholars' lving with a well prepared basis for agriculture where supplied a cornucopia of organic matters and water. The merit of agriculture made it possible that the scholars became economically independent, and the fact might be the essential point why the meander cut-off area took noticed. Actually, Cho-family has been in Smaji Village for generations, producing a large number of scholars and keeping the actual power of the region. The physical shape of the meander cut-off area, cozily surrounded by mountains, is considered as a good place for the dwelling due to the influence of traditional sight of view for location and P'ungsuchiri which is known as Feng Shui in China and geomancy in the western world. It is a fruit in it own way that we could find the ancestors' discernment and wisdom from this study, who have lived their lives adapting themselves to the given natural environment and also utilizing the nature wisely. But this is a current-argued study on the meander cut-off area. Follow-up studies have to be continued about the landscapes of the meander streams and the meander cut-off areas scattered all over the country except Samji Village and draw the characteristics from the comparative analysis.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.105-112
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• 1992

The general properties(size, shape, fruit constituents) of ten different varieties of dried red pepper and the proximate chemical composition, carotenoids content and Hunter color values of their powders were examined in order to establish an objective instrumental method to evaluate the consumer acceptability of red pepper powder. The results of instrumentally measured color values were compared with the sensory acceptability data obtained from 100 housewives in Korea. Red carotenoid consisted of 68-85% of total carotenoids, while ${\beta}-carotene$ content showed close relationship with the sensory color preference. The values of Hunter color system, L,a,b and axL, showed significant relationships with the sensory color preference. Especially, axL value had close relationship with both color preference and pungency intensity of red pepper. Therefore, we suggest the consumer acceptability of red pepper powder can be determined instrumentally by axL value of colorimeter. Sensory acceptability=0.02001(axL)-12.5774

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.164-169
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• 1984

Interspecific heterokaryons were obtained between auxotrophic mutants of Pleurotus ostreatus and Pleurotus florida by polyethylene $glycol-Ca^{++}$ induced fusion of somatic protoplasts. The fusion products produced colonies of dense growing mycelium after 10-14 days culture on hypertonic Mushroom Minimal Medium. When they were transferred to Mushroom Minimal Medium plates, the sectors showed normal vegetative morphology but the colonies of irregular shape varied in growth rate. All of the colonies produced fruit body of normal pilei. Some heterokaryon colonies bearing none or only a small amounts of basidiospores were isolated. Fusion products, generally, gave higher basidiocarp yields than the parents.