• 통합자연과학논문집
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.100-106
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• 2012

Herbal medicines have been used since the dawn of civilization to maintain health and to treat diseases. Diabetes mellitus is one of the leading cause of death in many developed countries. The incidence of diabetes is increasing at an alarming rate in India. It was estimated that India which had 19.4 million diabetes in 1995 is expected to register a near threefold increase by. Many plants reported to be useful for the treatment of diabetes mellitus in ayurvedic medicine, are being tested for their hypoglycemic activity in experimental animals Lagerstroemia flos- reginae is one such plant commonly found as shade trees in Kerala. In Ayurveda both root and leaves are used in the treatment of diabetes. The main objective of this study was to assess the antidiabetic effect of the alcohol extracted leaves of Lagerstroemia flos- reginae in alloxan induced diabetic rats in terms of controlling blood glucose level, lipid profile, bilirubin, uric acid in serum and lipid peroxides and glutathione in the liver of the experimental animals. The present study has been undertaken to observe the protective effect of the active constituents of Lagerstroemia flos- reginae leaf extracts against alloxan induced diabetes in experimental animal model. The activity of the active constituents was compared with Daonil -a standard drug.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제31권5호
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• pp.405-411
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• 2022

Production of lettuce under indoor cultivation is highly affected by light intensity. In this study, we used shade cloth (commercial black net) to examine the effect of these condition on growth without an associated yield penalty of container-grown lettuce. Four levels of shading treatments (0%, 35%, 55%, and 75% referred to as Cont., S₃₅, S₅₅, and S₇₅ with respect to Cont.) and two lettuce varieties (red and blue) were evaluated. Variety-specific growth responses were observed with respect to different levels of shading treatments. High growth of red lettuce was occurred in Cont. treatment despite plant height and leaf length being higher than Cont. However, under 35% shading treatment blue lettuce was higher than in control plants. The highest root length was observed 0% shading (Cont.) of both varieties. These results reinforce the idea that blue lettuce is the better leafy vegetable rather than red lettuce for indoor cultivation related to lower light intensity environment conditions.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.338-351
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• 2018

This study was conducted in a long-term experimental forest in the central hardwoods region of southwestern Michigan to retrospectively examine the role of past forest management practices and climate on red oak (Quercus rubra L.) productivity. Initially, in 1971, plots within the experimental forest were treated separately with a clearcut and shelterwood regeneration harvest in an attempt to increase red oak regeneration. From 1987-1989, a new study was initiated within a portion of the clearcut and shelterwood plots to evaluate the effectiveness of additional oak crop tree release using mechanical and chemical applications. Cumulative diameter and mortality rates of 719 red oaks were monitored across the four silvicultural treatments: Clearcut-A (clearcut without additional release treatment), Clearcut-B (clearcut with additional release treatment), Shelterwood-A (shelterwood without additional release), and Shelterwood-B (shelterwood with additional release) plus an untreated control. Increment cores were obtained from red oak trees and neighboring competitor species. Tree-ring analyses (dendrochronology) were applied to examine the effect of these silvicultural treatments and climatic factors (temperature and precipitation) on red oak productivity. The results indicated that crop tree release following a clearcut or shelterwood harvest reduced mortality rates and thus increased survival of red oak. Red oak in control plots or plots only receiving the initial regeneration harvesting treatment and no additional competition release were negatively affected by climatic stress, which included summer moisture stress. In contrast, red oak in plots that received the competition release treatment from shade tolerant tree species not only had higher tree level productivity (i.e., tree basal area) and lower mortality rates, but were also relatively more resilient to climatic stress by showing limited or no associations between climate and growth.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제69권1호
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• pp.15-24
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• 2024

Environmental factors play an important role in crop growth and development. In recent years, climate change has become a challenge that limits environmental factors. Light is an important environmental factor for photosynthesis in rice. In addition, temperature is one of the most important factors for rice production; thus, a 1℃ increase in temperature because of climate change can affect rice growth and development. Therefore, we investigated the effect of shading on the growth characteristics of rice under different temperature conditions from the vegetative stage to the flowering stage. Plants were grown at three different temperatures: 26℃/16℃ for 21℃, 29℃/19℃ for 24℃, and 22℃/32℃ for 27℃ in a phytotron. A 55% shade treatment was applied after 10 days of transplanting until the flowering stage. Plant height was not affected by the shading treatment. In the maximum tiller number response to shading, a lower tiller number and growth speed of tiller was found in the 27℃ condition. Among leaf characteristics, shading increased the flag leaf area, length, width, and effective leaf area; however, it decreased the leaf number on the main stem, especially at 27℃. In terms of stem characteristics, shading affected culm wall thickness in both varieties. Finally, regarding the panicle characteristics, lower panicle numbers, spikelet numbers per panicle, primary numbers, and secondary numbers per panicle were found under the shading treatment. Most of the desirable characteristics were affected by the shading treatment at 27℃. Overall, these results indicated that shading had a greater effect on rice plant growth at high temperature.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제35권5호
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• pp.387-394
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• 2010

연구목적: 본 연구는 15% 과산화 요소 (carbamide peroxide)를 포함한 Opalescence F를 이용한 자가 미백술 (home bleaching)을 4주간에 걸쳐 시행한 후 12주까지 임상적 미백효과와 구강 환경에서 임상적 미백 효과의 유지 정도를 비색 측정기(Colorimeter)와 비타 색 기준 (Vita shade guide)을 이용하여 알아보고자 하였다. 연구 재료 및 방법: 28명의 336개의 전치를 대상으로 실험군은 하루 2시간씩 4주간 자가 미백술을 시행하고 대조군은 미백을 시행하지 않았다. 미백 전, 미백 직후 (4주후), 8주, 12주에 색을 측정하여 변화를 기록하였다. 결과: 4주의 미백술 시행 후 치아의 색 변화량 (${\Delta}E^*$)은 실험군에서 비색 측정기는 $7.04{\pm}2.85$, 비타 색 기준은 $7.58{\pm}2.28$로 모두 뚜렷한 변화를 나타냈으며 (p < 0.05), 8주와 12주후의 색 변화량 (${\Delta}E^*$)은 미백과는 상반되는 방향으로 비색 측정기의 경우에는 8주에 $2.71{\pm}1.84$, 12주에 $2.19{\pm}2.59$로 나타났으며 비타 색 기준의 경우는 8주에 $0.41{\pm}1.21$, 12주에 $1.05{\pm}1.36$으로 나타나, 비록 미백전과의 유의할 만한 차이를 보였지만 (p < 0.05) 미백직후와 비교 시 서서히 색이 복원 (shade recover)되는 경향을 보였다. 이러한 색의 복원은 미백치료 종료 후 초기에 상대적으로 많은 변화를 보인 후 시간이 지남에 따라 변화가 줄어들며 안정되는 양상을 보였고 CIE $Lab^*$ 값은 미백 시행 기간동안 밝기 ($L^*$값)는 증가하였고 적-녹 축 (red-green축, $a^*$값)은 감소하여 녹색계통으로 변화되며, 황-청 축 (yellow-blue축, $b^*$값)도 감소하여 청색계통으로 변화하였고 미백 시행을 종료한 후에는 미백 시행 이전방향으로 색 복원이 발생하였다. 비색 측정기는 비타 색 기준에 비해 보다 안정적인 결과를 보였으며 육안에 의존하는 비타 색 기준은 큰 변화는 더 크게, 작은 변화는 더 작은 색 변화량을 보였다. 결론: 자가 미백술 단독 사용시 색복원은 관찰되지만 12주후에도 미백전과 비교시 통계학 상으로 유의성있게 그 효과가 유지되므로 (p < 0.05) 임상적 효능이나 유지력은 인정되며 이를 통해 자가미백술 단독 사용으로도 그 의미는 있다고 생각된다.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.127-133
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• 1991

출수기 전후 일조조건이 수량 및 수량구성요소에 미치는 영향을 구명하고자 벼의 생식생장기인 감수분열기부터 출수후 20일까지 3개 품종군별로 자연광 차광 50%와 75%의 3수준으로 차광처리를하여 시험을 실시한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1 온도 및 광도는 차광정도가 클수록 낮아졌고 일중변화는 오후 1시>오후 4시>오전 10시 순 이었다. 2. 출수기는 대체로 2～3일 정도 지연되었으나 상풍벼와 봉광벼는 차광을 하여도 자연광과 차이가 없고 성숙일수는 대체로 전 공시품종에서 8～12일 정도 지연되었다 3. 간장 및 추출도는 품종간에 관계없이 차광 정도가 클수록 간장은 길어지고 추출도는 짧아졌으며 특히 차광 75%에서는 그 정도가 심하였다. 4. 지경퇴화는 일차지경보다 이차지경에서 차광정도가 클수록 퇴화율이 켰다 5. 영화퇴화도 지경퇴화와 비슷한 경향이었으나 조생종군에서 심한 퇴화율을 보였다 6. 영화수는 차광을 했을때 수당 12～15입이 줄었으며 현미 천입중도 차광처리했을때, 감소하는 경향이었으나 그 중에서 소백벼 여명벼 등은 그 폭이 컸다. 7. 차광정도에 따라 불임율은 높았고 등숙율은 감소 경향이 있다. 8. 수량은 차광 50%에서 30～40% 감소하였으며 75% 차광에서는 50%정도 감소하였다.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.156-164
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• 2003

It has been known that the natural colorants exhibit good dye-uptake toward cotton, silk, and wool fibers, while they do poorly toward synthetic fibers. This study utilizes the chitosan treatment in order to improve the dye-uptake for the natural fibers and to enable the synthetic fibers, whose dye-uptake levels are low, show better affinity toward the natural colorants. Since chitosan has $-NH_2$ group and -OH group in the structure, the dyeability of the fabric will be improved when the fabric is treated with the chitosan. Cotton fabric as one of the natural fiber fabrics and nylon fabric as one of the synthetic fiber fabrics were selected for this study. 1. In case of cotton fabric, the chiosan treatment takes effect for the Caesalpinia sappan and cochineal, resulting in remarkable ${\Delta}E$ increase after dyeing. Chitosan helps in developing dark shade by increasing the uptake of the Caesalpinia sappan and cochineal. It does not, however, participate in the developing of the specific color as does a metallic mordant. 2. In case of dyeing cotton fabric with Gardenia jasminoides, the effect of the treatment with mordant and chitosan is not very pronounced. It is thought that the Gardenia jasminoides uptake is accomplished in a direct manner in the cellulose chains without the aid of mordant. 3. Air-permeability is decreased when the non-mordanted and non-chitosan treated cotton fabric is dyed with Caesalpinia sappan, cochineal, and Gardenia jasminoides. 4. In case of nylon fabric, premordanting and chitosan treatments are not highly effective in promoting the dye-uptake.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.79-91
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• 2006

Through the investigation and analysis for awareness about Tooth Bleaching treatment for general adults, to rethink the real ideas of Tooth Bleaching which adults has already had and to find the method for generalized Tooth Bleaching, this study made a survey about General Awareness and Common sense for Tooth Bleaching and Oral Health Knowledge and Generalization Methods for 570adult citizen in Busan from 1th August to 10th September. The obtained results were as follows 1. Tooth Shade self contentment was found low, self-discontent respondents were 73.5% and self-content respondents were 26.5%. 2. Tooth Bleaching recognition was found high, as for the recognition period, between 2 and 5 years is 65.5% and as for the recognition route, 33.9% were through broadcast medium. 3. General knowledge for Tooth Bleaching was found low as 2.34(1.12) of 5 score and it is similar to ages and occupations(pE0.001, pE0.05). 4. Tooth Bleaching treatment method appears Home Bleaching and In-Office bleaching was 73.5% and 26.5% respectively. The other side medical institution chosen for Tooth Bleaching treatment appears dental hospital or dental clinic and Home bleaching was 75.6% and 12.1% respectively. 5. To generalize the Tooth Bleaching Care, recommendations of oral health care team and oral health education and development of information data also need to be performed.

• 환경생물
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.82-87
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• 2009

우리나라의 주요 우점종인 상수리나무, 굴참나무, 신갈나무의 생태적 특성을 밝히기 위하여 식물생장에서 가장 중요하다고 판단되는 광, 토양수분, 영양소를 이들 3종의 참나무 유식물에 각각 실내에서 처리하여 그 생육반응을 관찰하고, 분석하고자 시도하였다. 상수리나무와 굴참나무는 광이 높을수록 잘 자라는 경향이 있었고, 신갈나무만이 뚜렷한 경향이 없었다. 신갈나무는 낮은 광도에서도 생육이 크게 감소하지 않았다 굴참나무와 신갈나무는 수분구배에 따라 생육의 차이가 없었고, 상수리나무만이 약간 높은 구배에서 잘 자랐을 뿐이었다. 상수리나무, 굴참나무와 신갈나무 모두는 영양소가 적을 때 잘 자랐고, 높을수록 못 자랐다. 영양소 구배에 따른 감소정도는 굴참나무, 신갈나무, 상수리나무 순으로 낮았다. 이상으로 볼 때, 신갈나무는 피음조건에, 상수리나무는 토양이 다습한 조건에 그리고 굴 참나무는 유기물이 적은 조건에서 각각 적응한 종이라고 판단된다.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제49권4호
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• pp.697-706
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• 2022

The effect of varied light intensities on the growth of daughter plants during propagation and after transplant to raised beds were examined in 'Sulhyang' strawberry. To this end, four treatments in controlling solar radiation inside a plastic house were made: 55% retractable shading and 35, 55, and 75% fixed shading. The plastic house was shaded only from 11:00 to 16:00 in June and 10:00 to 16:00 in July to September for the treatment of 55% retractable shading. The mean solar radiation inside the plastic house in the retractable 55% shading treatment was 317 W·m^-2 and those in the 35, 55, and 75% fixed shading treatments were 183, 165, and 116 W·m^-2, respectively, at 10 o'clock in the morning. The 55% and 75% fixed shading resulted in taller daughter plants with wider leaf areas than 55% retractable shading. The retractable shading also showed higher leaf numbers, crown diameters, root weights, and fresh weights compared to fixed shading treatments. Regarding the inorganic element contents, daughter plants grown under 75% fixed shading had 1.35% total nitrogen content followed by 1.19% in 35% fixed shading, 1.14% in 55% fixed shading, 1.14% in open culture, and 1.10% in 55% fixed shading. After 54 days following the transplant of daughter plants to a raised bed, the fresh weight of the aboveground part was the heaviest in the 55% retractable shading and non-shading treatments. The 75% fixed shading treatment had the lowest fresh weight of the aboveground plant parts. The results of this study could be used for the production of high-quality daughter strawberry plants.