• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.305-314
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• 2008

Purpose: This study was done to identify sexual maturity, sexual knowledge and sexual attitude in late elementary school children and to provide basic data to develop more concrete and practical applications for sexual education. Method: The participants were 1,959 fifth and sixth graders from 8 elementary schools in Busan and Gyungnam. Result: Sexual maturity for boys was at the $1.3{\pm}\;.6$ stage and pubic hair $1.2{\pm}\;.6$. Breast maturity for girls was at the $2.3{\pm}\;.7$ stage, and pubic hair, $1.7{\pm}\;.8$. Of the boys, 5.9% had experienced nocturnal emission, and of the girls, 20.9% had experienced menarche. Sexual knowledge was lower than the mean. They were not well informed about contraception and sexual disease. Sexual knowledge of girls and of sixth graders was higher than boys and fifth graders. The more mature students had higher sexual knowledge. Sexual attitude was generally positive but was more positive for girls than for boys. Sexual maturity, sexual knowledge, and sexual attitude were positively correlated. Conclusion: Because sexual maturity comes earlier, systematic sexual education is needed for elementary students. Institutional and economic support should continue to be given to the sexual education programs in school, home and community.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.519-532
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to make a comparative analysis of dietary habits, snacks, eating out and fast-food intake between students with a relatively early sexual maturity and others with a relatively late sexual maturity in a bid to grasp the impact of dietary behaviors on sexual maturity. The subjects in this study were 565 boys and girls who resided in Seoul and Gyeonggi province. They included fifth- and sixth-grade school children and seventh-grade middle school students. To classify the selected students according to the level of sexual maturity, the students of the same month age were divided into two groups in consideration of the stage of their sexual maturity and that of the other age groups. The early mature group was significantly taller and weighed more than the late mature group irrespective of gender. According to Tanner stages, the boys of the early mature group reached a 3.03 stage of sexual maturity when the sexual organs were taken into account, and those of the late mature group reached a 1.50 stage of sexual maturity. The girls of the early mature group reached a 3.43 stage of sexual maturity on the basis of breast, and those of the late mature group reached a 2.73 stage of sexual maturity. Concerning eating out, the early mature group ate out more frequently than the late mature group. In regard to snacks, the early mature group had a snack more often. The findings of the study indicated that there were differences in physical development and some dietary behaviors according to sexual maturity. The early mature group had a snack and ate out relatively more often than the late mature group, which showed that some dietary behaviors had an impact on the sexual maturity of the teens who arrived at the age of puberty.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.26 no.3 s.43
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• pp.347-358
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• 1993

The purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship between the blood pressure level and their sexual maturity and physical growth in the children at puberty. For this purpose, we estimated the blood pressure, physical growth and sexual maturity of the boys of 335 and girls of 373 who are in the middle schools which are located in Kangwha County, Kyungki-Do. Both systolic and diastolic pressure were measured twice. Such physical growth as height, body weight, skin fold thickness, waist circumference, hip circumference and arm circumference were measured. The sexual maturity was estimated according to the classification of Tanner's 5-phase-sexual-maturity : in boys, their pubic hair development phase : in girls, their pubic hair and breast development phase and the menstrual experience. In the phase of the pubic hair development, the boy's sexual maturity was distributed into this; the 1 st 56.4%, the 2nd 29.3%, the 3rd 9.9%, the 4th 4.1% and the 5th 0.3%. While the girls sexual maturity was distributed into this the 1st 20.5%, the 2nd 34.9%, the 3rd 30.6% the 4th 12.6% and the 5th 1.3% in the phase of the pubic hair development, and the 1st 0.8%, the 2nd 13.7%, the 3rd 36.2%, the 4th 18.8% and the 5th 30.5% in the phase of the breast development. This indicated that the girls sexual maturity was higher than those of the boys. The girls menstrual experience rate accounted to the 58.2%. In order to see the relationship between the children's sexual maturity and blood pressure level, we regress blood pressure level on physical growth (i.e., height, BMI) and sexual maturity. Sexual maturity in treates as dummy variables. As the resulf of this analysis, the boys' sexual maturity has nothing to do with the blood pressure either systolic or diastolic. But the girl's systolic pressure was statistically significant ; the 9% of the physical growth, the 5% of the pubic hair development and the 4% of the breast development in sexual maturity was explained. In the girls' diastolic pressure, only their pubic hair development was statistically significant ; the 7% of the physical growth and the 7% of the pubic hair development in the diastolic was explained and the 5% of the physical growth in the diastolic Korotokoff phase IV and the 2% of the pubic hair development in the diastic Korotokoff phase was explained, especially, the girls exprienced menstruation, their systolic and diastolic pressure were significantly high (P<0.01). Conclusively, in the first grade children attending middle schools who are in the early process of the sexual development, the sexual maturity was not related to blood pressure level, on the other hand, the blood pressure level of the girls who are more sexual development than those of the boys' have something to do with sexual maturity and physical growth.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.3 no.5
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• pp.679-684
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• 1998

This study was conducted to investigate the determinants of obesity during adolescnece. A total of 726 adolescents living in rural areas in Korea had been observed for four years from 1992 to 1996 regarding their diet, sexual maturity, blood profile and physical growth. Stepwise multiple regression analysis was used to identify priorities fo the importance between the factors influencing obesity. The average nutrient intake over the three year period was higher than that of the Korean Recommended Dietary Allowances. The prevalence of obesity for the subjects based on BMI was 9.5%. Results of the stepwise multiple regression analysis showed that blood components and sexual maturity were more significant factors for determining the obesity than the dietary factors. The result may suggest that to understand obesity in children it is necessary to develop on analytical model for the children rather than using the existing analytical model developed mostly for adult patients of obesity. The model should include a wide range of variables such as diet, sexual maturity and changes in blood.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.99-111
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• 1989

To study the sexual maturity at puberty and interrelation between pubertal growth peak and sexual maturity, 68 malocclusions (female 44, male 24) were longitudinally studied for 4 years and cross-sectional samples of 210 malocclusions were studied together. The pubertal growth peak was determined by stature increment and sexual maturity was studied using developmental stages of pubic hair and breast, menarche in female and those of pubic hair in male. The following results were obtained. 1. Mean age at menarche was 12.8 years and it was 11.8 months later than PHV. 2. At pubertal growth peak, developmental stage 2 (54.2%) and 3 (29.2%) of pubic hair were most in male, and stage 1 (72.7%) and 2 (20.5%) were most in female. 3. At pubertal growth peak, the developmental stage 2 (50%) of breast was most and the stage 3 (43.2%) was next. 4. In interrelation between skeletal growth and sexual maturity, PHV had most high correlation with menarche and stage 3 of breast, and menarche had most high correlation with stage 3 of breast. 5. Appearance of remarkable sexual maturity suggested that the PHV was passed already.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.219-228
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• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to evaluate sexual maturation, attitudes toward sexual maturity, and body esteem in the sexual development of Korean elementary-school boys and girls. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted with 399 fifth and sixth graders (192 boys and 207 girls). The data were analysed with a $x^2$ test, t-test, and Pearson correlation coefficients. Results: Among the 207 girls, 70.5% had pubic hair growth, 68.1% had breast development, and 56.0% had a menstrual period. In boys, 59.4% of the 192 subjects experienced the development of external genitalia and 52.6% had pubic hair growth. Sexual maturation was related to grade (boys, t=7.07, p=.008; girls, t=12.76, p<.001), age (t=-2.20, p=.030; t=-4.11, p<.001), height (t=-5.16, p<.001; t=-7.52, p<.001), and weight (t=-2.89, p=.004; t=-5.19, p<.001) in both boys and girls. Girls were more likely to have sexual maturity than boys ($x^2=22.29$, p<.001). Boys showed more positive attitudes toward sexual maturity (t=2.10, p=.036) and higher body esteem (t=2.12, p=.035) than girls. Conclusion: This study shows that sexual maturation, attitude toward sexual maturity, and body esteem in sexual development differ between boys and girls. The findings indicate that it is necessary to develop a tailored sex-education program according to the sex of elementary-school children.

• Journal of Korean Medicine for Obesity Research
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.9-19
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• 2012

Objectives This study was designed to find out the relationships between obesity and growth, skeletal maturity among children by analyzing body composition and bone age. Methods Subjects were composed of 577 children from six years to seventeen years of age, without any other diseases related to growth, were measured their body composition and bone age. Results As obesity index was increased, the RH-MPH(%) and skeletal maturity significantly was also increased. The RH-MPH(%) of the obesity group was significantly increased than that of normal weight group; the skeletal maturity was more increased in th obesity group. It means the recent height of obese children was more taller than that of inherited from the parents, while skeletal maturity of obese children was more rapidly progressing. The RH-MPH(%) was increased in children who revealed stage of second sexual character; skeletal maturity was decreased in children who developed secondary sexual character. Conclusions Obesity children might be taller than what it supposed to be. However, obesity could cause the increase of skeletal maturity. It means the growth plate of obese children has been closed early.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.57 no.4
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• pp.329-337
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• 2018

To increase the mating rate of Bombus ignitus used as insect pollinator, we investigated the sexual maturity time of B. ignitus. In investigating ovary development such as the number of eggs per ovariole and spermatheca size, the time of sexual maturity of queen was 10 days after eclosion. In case of male, the number of sperm was 246 thousand at immediately after eclosion, and was highest as 480 thousand at 9 days, and tended to show a dramatic decline at 35 days (87 thousand). The more mating time, the less the number of sperm. In consideration of number of sperms, the time of sexual maturity of male was 3-15 days after eclosion. In the sexual maturity time of queen in mating, the queen was not mated at immediately after eclosion, and showed a decrease in 20 days. In terms of the rate of mating and oviposition, the favorable time for mating of queen was 9-20 days. On the other hand, the male showed 3.3% of mating at immediately after ecolosion, showed the highest of 43.3% at 6 days after eclosion, and tended to decrease in 25 days. The sexual maturity time for mating of male was 6-20 days. In summary, our results indicate that sexual maturity time of B. ignitus in reproductive organs and mating is most favorable in 9-12 days after eclosion for queen and 6-9 days for male.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.14 no.9
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• pp.461-470
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to identify relationships among psycho-social maturity, self-efficacy for contraceptive, and sexual assertiveness to see which factors influence sexual assertiveness in male university students. Data were collected from 200 male university students in A city from July 1 to 30, 2015. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and stepwise multiple regression. Significant correlations were found among Psycho-Social Maturity, Self-efficacy for Contraceptive, and Sexual Assertiveness. Meaningful variables that influenced Sexual Assertiveness were Self-efficacy for Contraceptive and Psycho-Social Maturity, and the total explanation power was 33%. In conclusion, development of sex education program to increase Sexual Assertiveness of male university students based on the influencing factors is needed.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.25-27
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• 1992

160 day-old chicks of Rhode Island Red, White Leghorn and their crossbred with Naked neck chicken were reared upto 23 weeks of age at Bangladesh Agricultural University Poultry Farm in order to study the economic traits of birds. RIR had highest body weight gain (1494.39 g), followed by White Leghorn (1392.57 g), $RIR{\times}NN$ (1268.9 g) and White Leghorn ${\times}$ NN (1266.73 g). RIR showed significant difference (p < 0.05) to other groups of birds in body weight gain but difference were insignificant in between other birds. RIR showed better feed conversion ratio (4.72:1) but difference were insignificant (p > 0.05), however, $RIR{\times}NN$ exceled White Leghorn ${\times}$ NN in feed efficiency. $RIR{\times}NN$ had highest livability (90%) while White Leghorn had lowest (85%). Earlier sexual maturity was observed in White Leghorn (163 days) than RIR (168 days) but cross breds were similar in age at sexual maturity RIR were heaviest (1538.89 g) at age at sexual maturity, on the other hand $RIR{\times}NN$ were heavier (1315.39 g) than $WL{\times}NN$ (1306.77 g) at sexual maturity.