• Title/Summary/Keyword: sexual dimorphism

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The Structures of Feeding Organs in Two Korean Ricefishes (Pisces, Adrianichthyidae), Oryzias latipes and O. sinensis (한국산 송사리속 Oryzias 2종 섭이기관의 구조적 특징)

  • Kim, Hyun-Tae;Kim, Jae-Goo;Park, Jong-Young
    • Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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    • v.24 no.4
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    • pp.247-252
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    • 2012
  • Structure on the feeding organs in two Korean ricefishes, Oryzias latipes and O. sinensis, was examined in the jaws and the teeth. In the jaw, O. latipes has a dent on the dorsal edge of distal arm of premaxilla (vs. straight in O. sinensis) and a alveolar arm of premaxilla running in straight line with distal arm of premaxilla (vs. ventra line in O. sinensis). O. latipes has also a dent on the posterior edge of dentary which is connected to coronoid process of dentary (vs. straight in O. sinensis). Large teeth developing only in the male, which is sexual dimorphism, developed into outside direction of the mandible in O. latipes (vs. dorsal direction in O. sinensis). In the teeth forms, O. latipes has two types (conical type and arrowhead type), whereas O. sinensis has only one type (conical type). Through this study, we confirmed that two Korean ricefishes show distinctive characteristics in the structure of the feeding organs.

Molecular Sexing and Species Identification of the Processed Meat and Sausages of Horse, Cattle and Pig

  • Kim, Yoo-Kyung;Kang, Yong-Jun;Kang, Geun-Ho;Seong, Pil-Nam;Kim, Jin-Hyoung;Park, Beom-Young;Cho, Sang-Rae;Jeong, Dong Kee;Oh, Hong-Shik;Cho, In-Cheol;Han, Sang-Hyun
    • Journal of Embryo Transfer
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    • v.31 no.1
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    • pp.61-64
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    • 2016
  • We developed a polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based molecular method for sexing and identification using sexual dimorphism between the Zinc Finger-X and -Y (ZFX-ZFY) gene and polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) for mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) cytochrome B (CYTB) gene in meat pieces and commercial sausages from animals of different origins. Sexual dimorphism based on the presence or absence of SINE-like sequence between ZFX and ZFY genes showed distinguishable band patterns between male and female DNA samples and were easily detected by PCR analyses. Male DNA had two PCR products appearing as distinct two bands (ZFX and ZFY), and female DNA had a single band (ZFX). Molecular identification was carried out using PCR-RFLP of CYTB gene, and showed clear species classification results. The results yielded identical information on the sexes and the species of the meat samples collected from providers without any records. The analyses for DNA isolated from commercial sausage showed that pig was the major source but several sausages originated from chicken and Atlantic cod. Applying this PCR-based molecular method was useful and yielded clear sex information and identified the species of various tissue samples originating from livestock.

The sexual dimorphism of Mauremys reevesii (남생이의 성적 이형성)

  • OH Jungwoo;NAM Sangheon;LEE Sungkyung;KANG Junghoon
    • Korean Journal of Heritage :History & Science
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    • v.56 no.1
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    • pp.132-140
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    • 2023
  • In this study, a total of 21 parts of the head, carapace, and plastron of 21 tortoises were examined to investigate the characteristics of male and female sexual dimorphism of the Reeve's turtle (Mauremys reevesii), a natural monument in Korea. The ratio values of a total of 19 areas were derived from Head Length (HL) and Carapace Length (CL). As a result of comparing the ratio values, it was found that male tortoises had larger head length, head width, and head height than females compared to the size of the carapace. Since females grow eggs inside the body through internal fertilization after mating, female carapaces are judged to be larger than males overall. As a result of statistical analysis of the ratio values of the measured values, Plastron Length (PL), Bridge Length (BL), Gular Length (GL), Interhumeral Length (IH), Interanal Length (IAN), Femoral-Anal seam (FA) and Head Height (HH) showed statistically significant differences. Statistically significant in the part of the plastron, it is judged that the tortoise acts directly on each deck of the plastron as it grows. In addition, the head size of male tortoises was smaller than that of females, but it was found to be larger in proportion. It is considered that the tortoise has a rather large head compared to the body due to the male's habit of shaking his head and courtship behavior before mating. This study, we were able to identify the characteristics of sexual dimorphism in Reeve's turtle. However, since most of them were rescued, it was not possible to accurately determine habitat and age. In the future, if additional studies are conducted on individuals with clear habitats and ages, it is expected that the characteristics of the physical differences that develop as they grow can be identified.

배양세포의 성염색질에 관한 세포학적 연구 1. 배양기간을 달리한 고양이, 몰못트, 닭의 배양세포에 있어서의 성염색질에 대하여

  • 강영선;박상대
    • The Korean Journal of Zoology
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    • v.8 no.2
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    • pp.37-41
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    • 1965
  • The frequency and pattern of sex chromatin in primary cultured cells of kidney cortex of cats and guinea-pigs, and muscle of chick embroys were examined and compared to those of in vivo condition, with special reference to the various cultured stages. 1. In cat, the frequencies of sex chromatin positive I of peripheral position were average 62.7% in female, and 15% in male, whereas those of non-peripherla position were 5.8% in female and 0.1% in male. The incident proportion between them showed a marked difference-approximately 10 times higher in female than male. These results failry indicated that a distinct nuclear dimorphism with regard to the sex chromatin positive I was established in cultured cells. The position of sex chormatin was usually peripheral location. The tendency of frequencies , with reference to the cultured stages, was low count in primary extracted and initial stage cells , but it showed a peaked frequency in 10-13 days after primary culture, and after that the frequencies were decreased gradually. Compared between I vitro and in vivo condition of the same tissues, the cells in vivo exhibited the sex chromatin in high frequency at the peak showed stage. 2. In guinea-pig , the frequencyies of peripheral positive I were 36.8% in female and 6.3% in male, while non-peripheral positions were 6.1% in female and 3.5% inmale. Its incident was a rate of nearly 4 times higher in female than male. The nuclear dimorphism was also established in cultrued cells of guinea-pig. The position and the incident frquency showed a similar pattern as in cat except the primary extracted cells. 3. In chick embryo, the frequencies of sex chromatin positive I of peripheral position were 38.2% in female, and 18.3% in male, non-peripheral position, however, was hardly to find. These results suggest that the definite sexual dimorphism was unable to find in chick embryo cultured cells. The position and the incident tendency were a similar pattern as in above mammals and the frequency was higher in vitro cells.

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A ROENTGENOCEPHALOMETRIC STUDY OF CRANIOFACIAL SKELETAL CHARACTERISTICS OF KOREAN NORMAL OCCLUSION BY MOYERS' ANALYSIS (Moyers 분석법에 의한 한국인 정상교합자의 안면두개골격에 관한 연구)

  • Hong, Young Ran;Lee, Ki Soo
    • The korean journal of orthodontics
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    • v.20 no.2
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    • pp.391-407
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    • 1990
  • This study was performed to establish the cephalometric standards and to observe the nature of anatomic fit in the internal structural relationship of the craniofaciodental complex of the normal Korean by means of Moyers' method. Lateral cephalograms of 143 males and 144 females with normal occlusion and acceptable profile from 6 to 25 years of age, which were consisted of 5 groups that were 6 year-, 9 year-, 12 year-, 15 year- and adult-group were obtained. Data were gathered by traced digitizing the cephalograms and were statistically analyzed. The findings can be summerized as follows. 1. Norms of Korean males, females and both sexes in each group were established. 2. There was little significant sexual dimorphism in the form of craniofacial skeleton of all age groups. 3. The height and length of craniofacial skeleton was alike in each sexes in the 6 year-, 9 year- and 12 year-group, whereas it was larger in male than in female in the 15 year- and adult-group. 4. There were no significant sexual differences in the internal structural relationship of the craniofacial skeleton in all age groups.

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First Record of Platorchestia monodi (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Talitridae) from the Pacific Region

  • Kim, Min-Seop;Min, Gi-Sik
    • Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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    • v.27 no.3
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    • pp.205-212
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    • 2011
  • Platorchestia monodi (Mateus et al., 1986), the beach hopper, commonly lives in sea shores and was previously reported only from the Atlantic regions, such as Mid-Atlantic islands, Brazilian coast, and Israel. We present the first record of this species in the Pacific region. The present species can be clearly distinguished from related species by the shapes of gnathopods 1-2 and development of sexual dimorphism in antenna 2 and pereopod 7. Descriptions of the diagnostic characteristics of the species are provided on the text. In addition, this paper also provided the partial sequence of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (CO1) gene of the species for its molecular characteristics.

Copepodid Stages of Ergasilus hypomesi Yamaguti(Copepoda, Poecilostomatoida, Ergasilidae) from a Brackish Lake in Korea

  • Kim, Il-Hoi
    • Animal cells and systems
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    • v.8 no.1
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    • pp.1-12
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    • 2004
  • All copepodid stages and free-swimming adults of Ergasilus hypomesi Yamaguti collected from plankton samples from a brackish lake in Korea are described. The antennule remains a four-segmented appendage until copepodid V. The antenna of copepodid I carries a vestigial exopod. Sexual dimorphism first appears at copepodid IVwhose males bear primodial maxillipeds. Leg 5 also is sexually dimorphic from copepodid IV onwards, with its free segment bearing three setae in the female and two setae in the male. Morphological features of some appendages appearing during copepodid development are discussed. It is noticed that the early copepodids of the Ergasilidae show the characteristic setation on the biramous legs and proximal segments of the antennule.

The Distributions of Three Genetic Polymorphisms in the Estrogen $Receptor-\alpha$ Gene in Korean Essential Hypertensives (한국인 본태성 고혈압군에서 에스트로젠 수용체-$\alpha$(유전자에 존재하는 다형성의 분포에 관한 연구)

  • Kim Ji Young;Kang Byung Yong;Lee Kang Oh
    • Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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    • v.20 no.3 s.50
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    • pp.249-258
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    • 2005
  • Blood pressure, obesity and bone mineral density are multifactorial traits influenced by genetic factor. The purpose of this study was to clarify the association between three genetic polymorphisms in the estrogen receptor-$\alpha$ (ER -$\alpha$) gene and essential hypertension in korean population. One hundred and seventy-one people including 90 normotensives and 81 essential hypertentives were recruited. Among genetic polymorphisms studied, the Xba I RFLP in the intron 1 of this gene polymorphism was significantly associated with essential hypertension in women, suggesting the sexual dimorphism in genetic effect (P (<) 0.05). Further studied suggest that a larger sample size of this study are needed.

Morphological Differences of Immature Stages between Males and Females in a Korean Wood-Feeding Cockroach (Cryptocercus kyebangensis)

  • Park, Yung-Chul;Choe, Jae-Chun
    • Animal cells and systems
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    • v.7 no.2
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    • pp.105-109
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    • 2003
  • Morphological characteristics of nymphal instars are described for a Korean wood-feeding cockroach, Cryptocercus kyebangensis. Eleven instars, including adults, were tentatively identified. Female adults had apicolateral emargination and a truncated apical median prominence in the seventh sternite, and female nymphs of the other instars except for the last had a narrowly rounded apical median prominence in the seventh sternite. In the last instar, the seventh sternite was partially desclerotized and somewhat shriveled at the start of the emarginated area. In contrast, males showed no emargination in adults, and had a rounded broad apical median in this area of all instars. In the ninth sternite, female nymphs had a medium notch on the caudal margin and styli were separated before reaching adulthood, whereas no such notch was observed in male nymphs. The styli remained prominent in the ninth sternite of male adults.

Serum Thyroid Hormone Levels in Wild and Captive Sea Turtles

  • Moon, Dae-Yeon;Mackenzie, Duncan-S.;Owens, David-W.
    • Animal cells and systems
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    • v.2 no.2
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    • pp.177-181
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    • 1998
  • Blood samples collected from green (chelonia mydas), loggerhead (caretta caretta), and Kemp's ridley (Lepidochelys kempii) sea turtles were analyzed by radioimmunoassay to detect seasonal variations in thyroid hormones and compare levels in wild and captive individuals. Sexual dimorphism in the annual cycle of thyroxine was observed in adult Kemp's ridley. No differences were observed between immature male and female green and loggerhead sea turtles. The level of triiodothyronine was consistently low relative to thyroxine in all species investigated, and captive sea turtles exhibit higher plasms thyroid levels than do wild ones.

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