• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제15권10호
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• pp.150-159
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• 2015

본 연구는 지역사회 차원의 범죄연구에 있어 분석단위의 규모에 따라 결과가 달라지는 MAUP의 스케일 효과를 검증하고자 했다. 특히, 국내 최초로 전국의 모든 읍면동과 시군구를 대상으로 최근 이슈의 중심에 서있는 성범죄에 대한 공간적 자기상관, 변수들 간의 상관관계, 인과관계 분석을 시도했다. 분석 결과, 성범죄율의 자기상관은 가설과 달리 시군구의 Moran's I가 읍면동보다 큰 반면, 상관계수와 회귀분석의 결정계수는 가설에 맞게 대부분 시군구에서 더 큰 것으로 드러났다. 이는 합역수준이 높아질수록 자료의 통합으로 인해 발생하는 평균효과 때문으로 사료되었다. 성범죄의 원인에 대해서는 두 가지 특이한 점이 발견되었는바, 첫째, 비아파트거주비율이 읍면동과 시군구 단위에서 모두 성범죄를 감소시켰고, 둘째, 숙박음식업 비율은 읍면동 단위에서만 성범죄를 증가시키는 것으로 드러났다. 이는 향후 지역특성(예, 도시 vs. 시골, 풍요지역 vs. 빈곤지역)에 따른 세부적인 분석과 독립변수가 분석 단위별로 갖는 차별적 의미에 대한 추가적인 연구가 필요함을 시사한 결과였다. 본 연구가 지역사회 범죄연구를 촉진하고 성범죄에 대한 효과적인 대안 마련에 기여할 수 있기를 바란다.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.213-218
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• 2006

Purpose : Nutcracker syndrome refers to compression of the left renal vein(LRV) between the aorta and superior mesenteric artery(SMA) that results in elevation of pressure in the LRV and development of collateral veins. It must be considered as a possible factor when hematuria or proteinuria occurs in a healthy child. The purpose of this study is to determine the time to spontaneous resolution in childhood nutcracker syndrome, and to observe whether this is affected by sex, age, proteinuria or initial ratio of peak velocity of LRV. Methods : We investigated 26 patients who were found to have spontaneous resolution by follow-up Doppler ultrasonography among 117 patients diagnosed with nutcracker syndrome by renal Doppler ultrasonography from May 2001 to December 2005. We determined the time to spontaneous resolution in childhood nutcracker syndrome, and observed whether the duration was affected by sex, age, proteinuria or initial ratio of peak velocity. Results : 26 patients(59%) achieved spontaneous resolution by 1.2 years(mean). The time to spontaneous resolution of childhood nutcracker syndrome in 26 patients was $16.71{\pm}9.99$ months(range 6.0-49.2). The time to spontaneous resolution was not affected by sex, age, proteinuria nor initial ratio of peak velocity of LRV. Conclusion : More than half of the patients who were diagnosed by renal Doppler ultrasonography achieved spontaneous resolution. The time to spontaneous resolution was not affected by sex, age, proteinuria nor initial ratio of peak velocity of LRV.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제95권2호
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• pp.174-176
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• 2006

The experiments were conducted by supplying hosts with natural food(chestnut, peach, Quince). The developmental difference of peach pyralid moth, Dichocrocis punctiferalis was examined in the laboratory under three different natural food regime. The periods of egg, larva and pupa were $6.01{\pm}0.07$, $12.23{\pm}0.03$ and $13.32{\pm}0.01$ days on the chestnut fruit, $6.21{\pm}0.01$, $18.69{\pm}0.02$ and $13.38{\pm}0.03$ days on the peach fruit and $7.02{\pm}0.04$, $22.62{\pm}0.04$ and $13.44{\pm}0.14$ days on the quince fruit, respectively. The growth of D. punctiferalis larva was better chestnut fruit than other tested fruits. The rates(%) of hatching, pupation and emergence were 94.0, 57.0 and 63.3 on the chestnut fruit, 89.2, 77.8 and 85.7 on the peach fruit and 79.6, 52.6 and 70.7 on the quince fruit, respectively. The survival rate(%) of D. punctiferalis from hatching to emergence were 31.0 on the chestnut fruit, 4.8 on the peach fruit and 14.3 on the quince fruit, respectively. The sex ratio (female: male) of all pupae obtained on the tested natural food fruits were 52.7 : 47.3. The sex ratio of D. punctiferalis reared on three difference food fruits were no significantly. It can be used a as the basic research for the study of D. punctiferalis.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.89-94
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• 1995

대마(大麻)의 자웅이주(雌雄異株) 발생(發生) 비율(比率) 조절(調節)과 생리(生理) 연구(硏究)의 기초(基礎) 자료(資料)를 얻고자 국내(國內)에서 수집(蒐集)한 계통(系統)들의 생리(生理) 변이(變異)와 주요(主要) 특성(特性)과의 관계(關係)를 구명(究明)한 결과(結果)는 다음과 같다. 1. 개화기(開化期)는 모든 계통(系統)에서 암그루는 8월(月) 10일(日), 숫그루는 7월(月) 26일(日) 정도였다. 2. 직경(直徑)과 섬유장(纖維長)은 목포(木浦)에서 수집(蒐集)한 계통(系統)이, 기타 형질(形質)은 수원(水源)에서 수집(蒐集)한 계통(系統)이 변이(變異)가 켰다. 3. 성비(性比)에서는 목포수집종(木浦蒐集種)은 $47\sim53%$ 였으며 수원수집종(水源蒐集種)은 $49\sim51%$ 정도였다. 4. 제형질(諸形質)과 성비간(性比間)의 상관(相關)은 웅성에서 하(夏)의 상관으로 나타났다. 5. 모든 계통(系統)에서 개화기(開化期), 경태, 생경중(生莖重), 피마수(皮麻收) 양간(量間)에는 정(正)의 상관(相關)이었고 섬유장(纖維長)과 피마수양간(皮麻收量間)에는 부(負)의 상관(相關)이었다.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.400-410
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• 2015

Juniperus chinensis (Cupressaceae) is a valuable woody plant resource, but this rare plant is only distributed in restricted regions in Korea. In this study, we surveyed the geographic distribution regions, variation of sex ratio and the dynamics of natural populations of J. chinensis. in order to establish conservation strategies for the sustainable conservation of this important resource tree. The 17 natural populations of J. chinensis are restrictively distributed in the shore cliffs of (1) Ulleungdo island, (2) Gyeongju-si to Gangneung-si of the eastern coast, the riverside cliff along (3) Donggang-river of Jungsun-gun and Pyeongchang-gun and (4) branch of Nakdonggang-river in Uiseong-gun. The populations in Ulleungdo island showed continuous population distribution of over 200 individuals, but populations in other regions had discontinuous population distribution of under 200. The population of J. chinensis surveyed in Korea was estimated in ca. 3,200 individuals. The sex ratio (male/female) among populations of J. chinensis was diverse with variation from 0.46~1.67 range, but showed no significance. The sex ratio of the total individuals by species level was 0.74, and the percentage of female tree was significantly higher than the male. The results of dynamics analysis within population among regions showed that seedlings and saplings of J. chinensis in three regions surveyed were continuously regenerating. The distribution of DBH class showed a stable population structure of inverse J shape graph, but fragmentation and decrease in populations because of invading broad-leaved shrubs and trees from the surroundings were concerned. Further studies, and in situ and ex situ conservation strategies for the sustainable conservation on natural populations of this rare resources woody plant, J. chinensis in Korea are recommended.

• 한국어류학회지
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.72-76
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• 1992

저서성 담수어류인 기름종개과의 점줄종개 Cobitis lutheri를 1987년 10월부터 1988년 9월까지 전라남도 강진군 강진읍 남포리(탐진강)에서 1년간 채집하여 암, 수의 성비와 생식소를 조사하였다. C. lutheri는 크기가 작은 개체에서는 수컷의 빈도가 아주 높은 반면 큰 개체에서는 암컷이 높은 빈도로 나타나는 체장별 불균형 성비를 보였다. 한편, 생식소의 육안적 현미경적 관찰 결과, 중간 크기의 수컷 정소에서는 정소조직의 퇴화와 난소조직의 발달이 동시에 존재하는 자웅동체성(Hermaphroditism)의 개체가 발견되어 이에 관하여 논의하였다.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.207-211
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• 2020

Adult land crabs generally live on land while their larvae live in the sea. In the case of Sesarma haematoche, female crabs migrate from land to sea to release the larvae at the high tide of syzygy night. Artificial structures along coastal areas are being obstacles for the migration of land crabs and causing synchronized roadkills on coastal roads during breeding migration. In this research, we compared the sex ratios of crab populations in coastal areas with coastal roads and uninhabited island areas with no road. The proportion of females in inland habitats with coastal roads was significantly smaller than island habitats. In particular, females are exposed to the risk of annually repeated roadkills, and the proportion of females decreases rapidly with their growth. If this tendency is general for land crab populations in the coastal areas with roads, significant road mortality of female land crabs during breeding migration can lead to severe population decline in coastal areas. Therefore, it is necessary to take an action to save land crabs crossing coastal roads.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제13권12호
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• pp.1731-1737
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• 2000

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of threonine:lysine ratios on growth performance, apparent nutrient digestibility and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) concentration, and to estimate the optimal threonine:lysine ratios for growing barrows and gilts. A total of 150 pigs (Landrace${\times}$Yorkshire${\times}$Duroc, $16.75{\pm}0.42kg$ average body weight, 75 barrows and 75 gilts) was randomly allotted into six treatments in a $2{\times}3$ factorial design. Six diets were formulated to contain 1.12% lysine for barrows and 1.33% lysine for gilts with three threonine:lysine ratios (50, 60 and 70%) for both barrows and gilts. Throughout the whole experimental period (16 to 56 kg body weight), there was no interaction between sex and dietary threonine:lysine ratio in average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI) and feed conversion rate (FCR). Between sexes, there was a clear sex-effect showing better growth performance of barrows. Barrows consumed more feed (p<0.01) and grew faster (p<0.01) than gilts. For barrows, there was a trend to improved ADG and FCR with increasing threonine:lysine ratio. For gilts, there was a trend to improved ADG and FCR up to threonine:lysine ratio of 60%, but not significant. There was no interaction between sex and threonine:lysine ratio in nutrient digestibilities of growing pigs except for crude ash (CA). Between sexes, there were differences in nutrient digestibilities, except for calcium for which gilts showed higher a digestibility (p<0.01). Among dietary threonine:lysine ratios, there were no differences in nutrient digestibilities. Mean values of essential amino acids (EAA), non-essential amino acids (NEAA) and total amino acids (TAA) digestibilities were not affected by sex and dietary threonine:lysine ratio. There was no evidence of an interaction between sexes and dietary threonine:lysine ratio. Between sexes, total BUN concentration was lower in gilts than barrows (p<0.05). It was concluded that a 70 and 60% dietary threonine:lysine ratio for barrows (1.12% lysine) and gilts (1.33% lysine) tended to result in better growth performances and nutrient utilization and lower BUN concentration than other threonine:lysine ratios.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.650-654
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• 2003

The accuracy of Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay in sexing of sheep embryos was assessed in this study. A total of 174 ovine embryos produced in vitro at different stages of development (2, 4-8 cell stages, morula and blastocyst) were sexed. The universal primers (P1-5EZ and P2-3EZ) used in this assay amplified ZFY/ZFX-specific sequences and yielded a 445 bp fragment in both sexes. Restriction enzyme analysis of ZFY/ZFX-amplified fragments with Sac I exhibited polymorphism between sexes, three and two fragments in males and in females, respectively. For verification of accuracy, blood samples of known sex were utilized as positive controls in each test. The mean percentages of sex identification by this method at 2 cell, 4-8 cell, morula and blastocyst were $73.00{\pm}5.72$, $89.77{\pm}3.79$, $3.33{\pm}8.08$ and $79.6{\pm}9.09$, espectively with the over all male to female ratio of 1:0.87. It is concluded that the ZFY/ZFX based method is highly reliable for the sexing of sheep embryos.

• 한국동물생명공학회지
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.106-110
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• 2019

Sexed sperm can contribute to increase the profitability of the cow industry through the production of offspring of the craved sex, such as males for meat or females for dairy production. Therefore, the utilization of sexed sperms plays a very important role in the production of offspring of superior cattle. In this study, we examined the pregnancy rates and calves sexing proportion of male and female calves produced using AI, both performed using sexed and conventional sperm. In the result, the conception rates after ET were 73.3% (33/45) sexed semen and 52% (55/104) conventional semen. Thus, the sex ratio for sexed-semen inseminations was 70% (21/30) females for singleton births within a 272 to 292 day gestation interval. The sex ratio for conventional semen was 61% (34/56) females for births. As a result, it is suggested that the use of sex classification sperm will play a very important role in the offspring production of Korean bovine.