• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.357-372
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• 1997

The purpose of this study was to 1) segment female adolescent consumers into consumer groups displaying different consumer decision-making styles 2) to determine the consumer characteristics(clothing involvement information search store patronage and demographic variables) that related to each consumer segment and 3) to identify the interrelationship between the consumer characteristics. Decision-making styles were measured by 32 seven-point Likert type scales adapted from Sproles & Kendall and Shim & Kot A total of 78 statements dealing with three aspects of consumer characteristics was adapted from previous research. Data were collected from 567 2nd grade female middle and high school students in Seoul via self-administered questionnaires. and were analysed by frequency factor analysis ANOVA cluster analysis χ2 -test and Duncan's multiple range test. The results of this study were as follows: As a results of cluster analysis and ANOVA on seven factors of desion-making styles(1. brand-consiousness 2. novelty/fashion-consciousness 3. recreational/hedonis-tic orientation, 4. impulsive/carelessness, 5. price-consciousness/value-for-money, 6. perfectionism/high quality orientation 7. habitual/brand-royal consciousness) three consumer groups were identified and labeled as puality-oriented/non-utlitarian shoppers price-oriented shoppers and apathetic shoppers. Quality-oriented/non-utilitarian shoppers showed the highest clothing involvement scores of all aspects the highest consumer knowledge/experience most active ongoing information search and prepurchase information search. They preferred department store and franchise store for apparel shopping and considered service/reliability atmosphere variety of goods as important store attributes, Price-oriented shoppers showed prepurchase information search and planned purchase behavior actively. They preferred factory outlet store specialty stre and considered price very important as store attributes. Apathetic shoppers showed the lowest scores of all aspects of clothing involvement and most passive behavior in information search activities except showing the highest planned purchase. They preferred regional markets.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.219-230
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• 2009

The purpose of this research was to investigate the success factors of the foodservice franchise business. This study examined relevant literatures, set up some hypotheses to solve main questionable consideration and made a corresponding empirical analysis. For the empirical analysis, a questionnaire survey was applied to ttotal 120 franchisers who have operated franchise business around Seoul. The result from the multiple regression model shows that the success of the franchise business is influenced by the operating system, the brand system, the educational system, and the franchisees' activities. As mentioned in the literature review and empirical analysis, it is found that the above mentioned four systems are equally affected by franchisers' success factors. The limits of this study include the fact that it has selected and researched around Seoul and four factors. Future research should be done from the perspective of such factors as culture, economy, region, menu, service and so on.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.116-130
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• 2017

This study analyzed the effects of consumption value of outdoor female consumers on relationship quality and long-term relationship orientation as well as differences in consumption value, relationship quality and long-term relationship orientation by demographic characteristics. A survey was conducted from May 15-22, 2016; subsequently, 336 responses were used in the analysis. Statistical analysis methods consisted of frequency analysis, factor analysis, reliability analysis, t-test, ANOVA, and regression analysis. The results indicate that the consumption value of outdoor female consumers was composed of functional value, emotional value, epistemic value, situational value, and social value. Relationship quality was composed of satisfaction, commitment, and trust. Consumption value (functional value, emotional value, epistemic value, situational value, and social value) of outdoor female consumers positively affected satisfaction. Emotional value, epistemic value and situational value positively affected commitment; in addition, functional value and emotional value positively affected trust. Satisfaction, commitment, and trust about outdoor brand also positively affected the long-term relationship orientation; in addition, consumption value positively affected long-term relationship orientation. There were significant differences in the consumption value and relationship quality by age and marital status. The study results provide useful information for the marketing strategies of outdoor brands that consider female consumers.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.111-120
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• 2016

Unlike the past, brick-and-mortar is no longer on the priority list for the shopping activity. Instead, it is replaced by various non-store shopping alternatives, such as Internet, TV, catalog, mobile, etc. As consumers engage digitally, they made fewer trips to stores. Especially, as mobile shopping made the price comparison possible while shopping in the store, new shopping trend of 'showrooming' came to the fore as the serious issue. In order to cope with the this crisis, many brick-and-mortar retailers utilize omni-channel strategy for their countermeasure. This research paper is to suggest the omni-channel strategy that is applicable for the brick-and-mortar retailers. The results are as follows. First, in order to set up the connected-channel shopping environment, consumers have to be exposed to the environment that can deliver the continuous brand experience under the same price policy, brand and store management, etc, as integrating the various purchasing channels into one. Especially, in-store environment needs to change for the place where consumer experience is stressed for the most as using virtual reality devices with augmented reality technology. Also, the online digital kiosk, and tablet that consumer can order the products through the online channel while shopping in-store Second, the barrier-free in-store environment should be offered in order to increase the consumer convenience. This change will allow consumer communicate with the store environment more effectively. Lastly, brick-and-mortar should extend the physical territory as utilizing the offline's advantage and disadvantage through setting up the digital interactive wall or pop-up store for increasing the opportunity of customer interaction with the store. Moreover, visiting service for the elderly, housewife with the baby, or disabled person will be one of the effective substitute.

• The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.73-80
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• 2018

Purpose - The purpose of this study is to clarify the difference of store attributes of Korean consumers and to analyze it's influence on consumer satisfaction in duty free stores which gain ground inch by inch in the distribution chanel. And it is to find discriminative result as compared with foreign consumer. Research design, data, and methodology - Subjects for the quantitative study, quota sampling was adopted in the Lotte, Shilla downtown and airport duty free stores from the first to 15^th December 2016 and 177 questionnaires from Koreans who had purchasing experience in off line duty free store were analyzed. The data was analyzed by using factor and reliability analysis, descriptive statistics analysis, the independent sample t-test and multiple regression analysis. To test consistency, Cronbach's alpha was used. Results - The result were as follows; 1. Korean consumers consider the importance of store attributes in duty free stores in order Product, Economic Feasibility, Convenience, Promotion, and Accessibility. 2. The meaningful impactive factors of duty free store attributes on consumer satisfaction turned out Product and Promotion. 3. These results show meaningful distinction between Koreans and foreigners in terms of consumer satisfaction in duty free stores. Conclusions - A marketer who is working for duty free store consider now that price benefit can not give strong impact to Korean consumers more and should concentrate on various brand assortment even including private brand. In terms of promotion, most duty free shops put special stress on foreign consumer's wants now as highly increasing of Chinese travelers but Korean consumer's sales portion and number of visitor also are steadily increasing. Therefore, a duty free marketer should prepare the Korean-oriented services with more enhanced promotion strategies for individual and group travellers, for example, a mileage service, VIP room and social network system to satisfy Korean consumers. In order to get satisfaction from Korean consumers, it makes effort on product and promotion than accessibility, price and convenience. Due to high level influence, further study is needed to enlarge to on-line market and to develop private brands for duty free stores.

• Knowledge Management Research
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.181-206
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• 2016

Under the influence of growing popularity of "hallyu" (Korean wave), corporates that have copyrights such as music, movie, drama as their core competitiveness are showing continuing growth. In Addition, they built on contents are rapidly growing, interests in protection and management of intellectual property rights linked to contents are growing. Global contents development corporates are making great efforts to create profits out of copyrights. They could utilize original contents to strengthen brand value use it to produce additional contents in current market. Also they take advantage of existing storyline of the contents and strong brand to explore new markets. This paper looks into Value articulation model by Professor James Conley and analyzed the firms that utilized intellectual property rights to extend the period of protection, strengthen their competitiveness and succeeded in breaking into new market by using the rights they possess. Also, this paper examines the usage of intellectual property rights and business expansion strategy of of Iconix, the Korean entertainment company, which gained tremendous popularity in last ten years using this model. In Value articulation model, Conley classifies the process of exploiting the portfolio of the single product's(or service's) intellectual property right for a period of time into three stages ; value transference, value translation, value transportation. Pororo's strategy of utilizing intellectual property right is suggestive to domestic entertainment companies. Under the influence of hallyu" (Korean wave), domestic contents such as movies, dramas and music are enjoying the high level of popularity recently not to mention animations. In reality, Korean entertainment companies who have no background or experience of Intellectual property rights are not creating enough added values compared to fast growing market. It is believed Iconix's intellectual property rights management strategy will suggest positive aspects to domestic companies. Moreover, I hope various intellectual property rights management strategies including Conley's value articulation are studied and they can make contributions to managing domestic entertainment companies.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.111-123
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• 2003

This study is designed to understand evaluation criteria for garment depending on demographic factors among college students in Yanbian, China. Questionnaire was used for measurement tools to study the subject of the thesis. The main study was conducted against 450 college students from May 17 to June 5, 2001. The data for the study were analyzed using SAS PC program for frequency distribution, percentage, t-test, and one way ANOVA. The evaluation criteria for garment are affected by demographic factors such as gender, average monthly household income, monthly expense for clothing. The result was showed as follows: The evaluation criteria for garment based on gender showed almost no meaningful different between male and female college students. Means on factors considered highly in selecting clothes was studied. The result shows that 'fit to the body, 'quality', 'color' and 'pattern' are considered most highly and 'harmony with other clothes', 'after service', design' 'easy to manage' and 'price' are considered relatively highly, but 'brand' and 'trendy fashion' were not considered highly. A meaningful difference was showed only in one area-trendy fashion-among three different income level groups. Those with an average monthly household income between 500 and 2,000yuan showed a highest tendency compared to those with above 2,000yuan and those with 500yuan. In terms of evaluation criteria for garment based on monthly expense for clothing, 'brand' is the only area which showed a meaningful difference. Respondents with monthly clothing expense of above 100yuan showed a higher means than those with below 100yuan.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.48-62
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• 2016

Consumers have come to demand high quality, affordable prices, and innovative product designs of the outdoor wear market due to their well-being and leisure oriented lifestyle. A new system of business in outdoor wear has emerged in the process through which corporations have endeavored to satisfy such consumer needs. Outdoor wear brands have utilized social network services (SNS) such as Facebook and Twitter as means of marketing and have built close relations with consumers based on communication through these media. Recently, explosively escalating SNS data are referred to as social big data, and now that every consumer online is a commentator, reviewer, and publisher, the outdoor wear market and all of its brands have to stop talking and start listening to how they are perceived. Therefore, this study employs Social $Metrics^{TM}$, a social big data analysis solution by Daumsoft, Inc., to verify changes in the allusions related to outdoor wear market found on SNS. This study aims to identify changes in consumer perceptions of outdoor wear based on changes in outdoor wear search words and trends in positive and negative public opinion found in SNS social big data. In addition, products of interest, the major brands mentioned, the attributes taken into consideration during purchases of products, and consumers' psychology were categorized and analyzed by means of keywords related to outdoor wear brands found on SNS. The results of this study will provide fundamental resources for outdoor wear brands' market entry and brand strategy implementation in the future.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.932-941
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• 2015

An aging population and increasing consumer demand for high-quality and innovative new products are key drivers for growth in the cosmeceutical industry. Cosmeceuticals are defined as products with biologically active ingredients that have a measurable effect on the user. This study explored the effects of shopping orientation and store attributes on impulse buying behavior for cosmeceuticals. We obtained 437 usable questionnaires from university students who had purchased cosmeceutical products. Data analysis was conducted using confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling analysis via AMOS 18.0. The findings were: 1) hedonic shopping orientation and convenience shopping orientation had positive effects on product efficacy and promotion of the cosmeceutical store 2) brand shopping orientation had a positive effects on store atmospheric, skin care service, and brand of the cosmeceuticals store and 3) product efficacy and promotion of store attributes had a direct effect on impulse buying behavior for cosmeceuticals. Consumers who tended to enjoy the shopping to refresh themselves and to experience convenient shopping were likely to purchase cosmeceuticals impulsively, which mediated by the store attributes (product efficacy and promotion). Therefore, we confirmed partly causal relationships among the shopping orientation, store attributes, and impulse buying behavior of cosmeceuticals. Both managerial and theoretical implication for practitioners and researchers were discussed for managing product information more efficiently along with promotion strategies to trigger cosmeceuticals consumers in the context of shopping.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.629-637
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• 2002

This study sought to determine family restaurant patrons' attitudes toward nutrition and healthy menus. A written questionnaire was handed out to 300 dine-in customers at the three different sites of T brand family restaurant. A total of 265 questionnaires were usable for data analysis, resulting in 88% response rate. Two attitude statements eliciting the strongest agreement were that 'Diet and chronic diseases risk are closely connected each other(4.44)' and 'Koreans are more nutrition & health conscious than they were in the past(4.41)'. The attitude statement-that nutrition is important when I eat out- received the lowest scores(2.92), which indicated that nutrition was not yet considered the most important factor when dining out. 23% of the respondents were interested in healthful foods, while 30% said they were unconcerned. Nutrition conscious group showed significantly (p<.000) higher attitude scores for most of statements than unconcerned group. Significant differences were found in age groups(p<.05, p<.01, p<.001), income levels(p<.05), educational levels(p<.05), health status groups(p<.05), and weight control interest groups(p<.05). Older respondents, respondents with higher income and educational levels were more interested in nutrition and healthy menus. Respondents who reported good health status and showed higher interest in weight control were more interested in nutrition and healthy menus. These findings indicate that restaurant firms should respond to consumers' increased interest in nutrition and healthy menus by offering healthful menus and increasing nutrition marketing activities. This may positively result in increasing customer counts and revenue as well as customer satisfaction level and brand image of restaurant firms. Moreover, restaurant firms are strongly encouraged to play an active role in promoting public's nutritional and health status because increasing consumption of meals away from home will seriously affect good health of our consumers.