• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.201-207
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• 2007

Purpose. The purpose of this study was to determine the subjects' health status according to the needs of visiting health and the function of the family in home care nursing. Sample and Method. The data collection period was from 07/01/04 to 10/31/04 and the subjects were 488 of those above 60 years of age staying at home or living alone who registered at a visiting health service of public health center at an urban area in Korea. This survey was carried out by visiting health nurses and participation was agreed on by the elderly people. Results. The extent of the subjects' total health status to the general characteristics had differences according to the age, sex, monthly income, perceived health status, known functional disorder, and yes-or-no for disease. At all health status domains, visiting health need care in the group I was very lower than one in II, III, or IV groups. Also the severe dysfunctional family was lower than lightly dysfunctional family and normal functional family in all health status domains. Conclusion. Nurses must provide their characteristics considered nursing intervention for the elderly who have high visiting health needs and severe dysfunctional family with vulnerable health care.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.31-40
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• 2013

This paper portrays the perception of buying behaviour, factors of product preferences and product switch-over among women consumers in Vellore district of Tamil Nadu. To conduct this study, 300 respondents from 20 village blocks of Vellore district were selected using stratified random sampling as the technique and descriptive sampling as the design. The study came out with interesting results and conclusions. It was found that more than half of the respondents were purchasing the product without a bill. It was also found that the respondents who repaired their product in the authorized service centre during warranty period did not continue the same after the warranty period and preferred nearby repair shops. It was further found that more than half of the respondents were checking expiry date and quality standards while purchasing a product. The study's scope was limited to women consumers at Vellore district. It could be used for further research in other aspects such as gender comparison in Vellore district and comparison with other districts of Tamil Nadu and other states of India. It was suggested that there is still a necessity to upgrade the standard of the people in many aspects like education, occupation and level of income, which shall help them to compete with the neighboring cities on living standards.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.7 no.5
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• pp.195-204
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• 2020

This research examines four specific objectives: (1) identifying factors that affect Vietnamese consumer attitudes towards smartphone advertising, (2) measuring the level of impact of the factors, (3) testing the difference of attitudes among groups of consumers with different characteristics in terms of gender, age, income, and academic level, and (4) proposing some managerial implications to have better Vietnamese consumer attitudes towards smartphone advertising. The study uses the online survey form via e-mail and Facebook in a convenience sampling method; the subjects surveyed are between the ages of 18 and 35, and all are in urban areas in Vietnam, and are using smartphones and accessing the internet and other phone applications. A sample of 490 respondents were valid and used for processing. The study employs a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods to analyze exploratory factors and linear multiple regression. The results reveal that there are five main factors affecting Vietnamese consumer attitudes towards smartphone advertising positively, arranged by reduced importance: entertainment, informativeness, credibility, non-irritation, permission and control. From that, the study offers some managerial suggestions for smartphone advertisers to improve their strategies and tatics to enhance their customer service, so that the smartphone advertising can attract people and help Vietnamese consumer in their buying behavior.

• The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.19-26
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• 2018

Purpose - This study measures how competitive securities broker-dealers are in the Korean financial markets. It aims to test whether the markets are perfectly competitive or monopolistic since the global financial crisis of 2008. Research design, data, and methodology - We apply the method developed by Panzar and Rosse (1987), H-statistics, which offers an index for the competitiveness as well as statistical tests. The dataset in use is retrieved mainly from the quarterly statements of the financial services companies by the Financial Statistics Information System of the Financial Supervisory Service. General information on officers and employees is utilized in addition to balance sheets and income statements of securities companies. Results - H-statistics for 2009-2015 is about 0.7 that is a robust estimate regardless of model specifications such as full trans-log, partial trans-log, and Cobb-Douglas regression equations. H-statistics for each year is also computed in similar ways in that it varies between 0.3 and 0.9. Conclusions - Since the global financial crisis, H-statistics concludes that securities broker-dealer markets in Korea is neither perfectly competitive nor monopolistic. It evidences that the markets are rather monopolistically competitive. The trend in annual H-statistics leads to the same conclusion but the result is not such stable that overall H-statistics implies.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.7 no.7
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• pp.497-508
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• 2020

Using primary data collected through semi-structured interviews conducted during February 2019, this article examines citizen's awareness and knowledge of Khon Kaen Smart City (KKSC) among the residents of five contiguous municipalities within Khon Kaen Province, Thailand. A self-weighted sample of 420 respondents was selected through a two-stage, 30-cluster sampling process. In the first stage, a sample of 30 artificial clusters of 100 households each was selected. In the second, 14 households were randomly selected from each of these clusters. The head of household or, if unavailable, a resident aged 18 or over was interviewed. The study applies the "citizens as democratic participants" dimension of Simonofski et al.'s (2019) evaluative framework. Results found that, because of ineffective citizen engagement, the levels of awareness and knowledge about KKSC were low. However, multiple logistic regression found that, despite the low levels of awareness and knowledge, education and income could establish an independent effect on awareness of KKSC. Those who completed post-secondary school were more aware of KKSC than those who finished only secondary or primary education. Similarly, the analysis of data clearly indicated that educational attainment, solely and independently from all other socio-economic and demographic variables, could explain the positive effect of education on knowledge about KKSC.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.31-48
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• 2013

South Korea had encouraged farmers to breed bear to increase farmer's income since 1981. Currently farmers breed over thousand number of bears, however but the policy measures for breeding bears is expected to conflict the main stream of bear conservation due to South Korea belong to the member of CITES, which categorizes and manages bears under Wild Fauna and Flora Protection Act. Government needs to establish a special law containg the win-win relief strategy not only for farmers of breeding bears, but international corresponding policy. So, we have reviewed the domestic status and international trends on breeding bears, and suggest the alternative strategies of the policy such as a bear park, a bear village, use of species recovery center, use of a preservation organization. This policy should be accompanied with more detailed fact analysis, management agency, well equipped welfare facility and financial preparation for proper management of breeding bears against changing international trends on wildlife conservation.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.229-236
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• 1989

Fast food restaurants are growing in numbers in Korea since they were introduced abot a decade ago. To develop an effective marketing strategy for fast foods, it is important to assess consumer's acceptability and identify demorgraphic, environmental, and managerial factors which influence consumer's perception on the fast food restaurants. A total of 595 customers were surveyed at thirty hamburger chain restaurants in Seoul from November 7 to 15, 1988. Analyses of the collected data revealed that adolescents, females, and the people with high income were the major customers and visited more than once or twice a week; frequent visitors rated meals more favorably in terms of the quality, service and cleanliness, and they also rated meals of foreign brand more favorable than those of domestic one; the female group perceived the change in their dietary habits more than any other groups; cleanliness, convenience, atmosphere, courtesy, and the taste of foods were significant factors in purchasing fast foods; and customers were most satisfied with convenience, while least satisfied with the price and the quantity of foods. From these findings, it is sggested that the manager of the fast food restaurant must consider the consumer's perception of fast foods in terms of pros and cons in order to operate her/his restaurant successfully.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.40 no.5
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• pp.404-410
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• 2007

Objectives: Due to the assumptions of homogeneity as well as challenges in the socioeconomic position of the elderly, they have been relatively neglected in studies of health inequalities. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the social inequalities in preventive services among elderly men and women. Methods: Data were obtained from a nationally representative sample of 342 men and 525 women aged 65 and over collected during the 2001 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Age adjusted proportions and logistic regression were used to identify the social patterning of preventive services among elderly Koreans using various social position indicators. Results: The findings of this study generally supported the presence of social gradients in preventive services among the Korean elderly. The likelihood of using the service becomes progressively higher with social position. Educational level, income, and self-rated living status were significantly associated with increased medical checkups and cancer checks. In addition, logistic regression detected educational inequalities only among older women receiving BP checks. After being stratified based on health status and chronic disease status, social disparities still existed when educational level and self-rated living status were considered. Among unhealthy individuals, place of residence was observed as a barrier to medical checkups. Conclusions: This study demonstrated strong and consistent associations between socioeconomic position and preventive services among the elderly in Korea. The results indicate that public health strategies should be developed to reduce the barriers to preventive services encountered by the elderly.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.813-820
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• 2014

Objectives: The purpose of the study is to investigate the relationship between professional vocation and ethical inclination in clinical dental hygienists. Methods: A self-reported questionnaire was filled out by 221 clinical dental hygienist in Busan and Kyeongnam from April 1 to 30, 2014. The questionnaire consisted of structured questions including demographic characteristics(9 questions), vocational calling(9 questions), deontology(12 questions), asceticism(13 questions), and utilitarianism(8 questions). Questionnaire was carried out by Likert scale. Data were analyzed using the statistical package SPSS Window 19.0 for frequency, mean and standard deviation analysis, t-test, one-way ANOVA and linear regression. Results: There was a significantly positive correlation between professional vocation and ethical inclination. The deontology was associated with education, dental service career, duty hours, and number of clients in multivariate analysis after adjusting for socio-demographic characteristics and professional vocation. Asceticism was also correlated with education, and utilitarianism was closely associated with vocational calling, work place, number of clients, and monthly income. Conclusions: It is necessary to develop the curricula including vocational calling and ethical inclination in the dental hygiene education. The dental hygienists should learn the ethical and vocational calling as a professional career.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.547-558
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• 2004

The purposes of this study were to classify shopper types based on clothing shopping orientations and to identify the differences in store selection criteria and demographic characteristics by shopper types. The questionnaire was administered to female and male undergraduate and graduate students living in Seoul. Of 330 returned questionnaires, 319 were used in the statistical analysis which were factor analysis, cluster analysis, $\chi$$^2$-test, and One-way ANOVA. The results of this study were as follows: 1) Clothing shopping orientations had six factors: recreational shopping, name conscious shopping, economic shopping, fashion oriented shopping, convenience shopping. and individualistic shopping. Cluster analysis identified that clothing shopping orientations had four groups: recreational cluster, individualistic cluster, demanding shopper cluster, and convenient brand conscious shopper cluster. 2) Clothing shopping orientations were significantly different in relation to the demographic characteristics such as gender, major field of study, expenditure on clothing, pocket money, and family income level. 3) Store selection criteria had five factors: service quality, physical store environment, sales personnel, shopping convenience, and other attractions. 4) There were significant differences in physical store environment, shopping convenience, and other attractions according to the shopper clusters.