• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.105-109
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• 2007

Alcoholic extract of Terminalia arjuna [TA] was evaluated far its hepatoprotective activity against carbon tetrachloride (CCl$_4$)-induced hepatic damage in rats. The hepatoprotective activity of TA was evaluated by measuring levels of serum marker enzymes like serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (SGOT), serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (SGPT), serum alkaline phosphatase (SALP). The serum levels of total proteins(TP), total albumins (TAL) and bilirubin (BILN) were also estimated. The histological studies were also carried out to support the above parameters. Silymarin (SM) was used as standard drug. Administration of TA (250 and 500 mg/kg/po) markedly prevented CCl$_4$-induced elevation of levels of SGOT, SGPT, SALP, TP, TAL and BILN. These biochemical observations were supplemented by histopathological examination of liver sections. Alcoholic extract of TA also shown significant in-vitro free radical scavenging activity against 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) and nitric oxide (NO) radicals. Thus, the present study provides a scientific rationale for the traditional use of this plant in the management of liver diseases.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society of Environmental Toocicology Conference
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.172-172
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• 2002

Previously, we reported a novel polymeric micellar solubilizer, Aceporol 330, that showed relatively low toxic effects when it was compared with that of Cremophor EL which is currently being used for paclitaxel. In this study, we have developed a new micellar solubilizer, Aceporol 460, that has 3-4 times higher loding capacity for paclitaxel than Aceporol 330. The single-dose and the repeated-dose toxicity of Aceporol 460 were evaluated in ICR mice. For single dose toxicity test, male and female mice were randomly assigned to one of five study groups to receive, and injected intravenously with dosages of 0, 3, 4mL Cremophor EL/kgbody weight, and 3, 4mL Aceporol 460/kg body weight, respectively. In both male and female mice, LD50 for Aceporol 460 can not he determined even at the maximal administrable dosage, 4mL/kg due to the high viscosity of chemical and there was no significant change in body weight, hematological and serum biochemical analysis, organ weight, and histopathological examination compared with that of Cremophor EL. For the repeated dose toxicity test, male and female mice were given the dosage of 0, 1.6mL Cremophor EL/kgbody weight/day, and 1.6mL Aceporol 460/kg body weight/day for 2 weeks. Results of repeated dose toxicity tests for 2 weeks suggested that Aceporol 460 treated group show no significant toxicological findings with body weight, hematological and serum biochemical analysis, organ weight, urinalysis, and ophthalmoscopic and histopathological examination compared with that of Cremophor EL. These results indicate that Aceporol 460 have higher paclitaxeL-loading capacity than Aceporol 330 and less toxic effects than Cremophor EL in male and female mice.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.46 no.1
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• pp.71-73
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• 2006

A 7-month-old female Shih-tzu dog was presented with intermittent trembling, dyspnea, generalized muscle weakness, and unconsciousness after exercise. No remarkable findings were shown in the complete blood counts and the radiographic examination. On serum biochemical profiles, alkaline phosphatase and creatine phosphokinase were mildly elevated. Based on history takings, physical examination, and neurological findings, presumptive diagnosis was made as a myasthenia gravis (MG). Clinical signs of this patient were dramatically improved after administration of neostigmine. The result of acetylcholine receptor antibody test in serum was 0.89 nmol/L and the histopathology of muscle were normal. Clinical sign of the patient evaluated in this study is stabilized with long-term administration of pyridostigmine at this time. This case report here describes clinical and clinicopathological findings of a juvenile onset acquired MG in a Shih-tzu dog.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.407-410
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• 2010

Bovine abdominal fat necrosis (lipomatosis) is relatively common disorder in adult Korean indigenous cattle. Thirteen Korean indigenous cattle with bovine lipomatosis and five clinically healthy cattle were selected and serum biochemical profiles were analyzed. Serum free fatty acids level was significantly high, while total cholesterol, serum albumin and total calcium levels were significantly low in bovine lipomatosis group. In a case of necropsy, saponificated adipose masses surrounding colon was observed and hepatic fatty degeneration and fat deposition in the renal tubules were found in a histopathologic examination. These findings indicate that affected cattle have a predisposition to deposit more fat into adipose tissue than normal cattle. Such abnormalities might lead to the development of abdominal fat necrosis with fibroplasia and possibly compress the intestines and urinary organs.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.217-226
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• 1998

SDK (skin decontamination kit) is new skin decontaminant which is developed by ADD (Agency for defence development). In this study, four-week toxicity of SDK was investigated using beagle dogs and Sprague-Dawley rats. The beagle dogs and Sprague-Dawley rats were dressed topically seven days per week for 28 days, with dosage of 0, 0.25, 0.8 and 1 g/kg/day. respectively. Animals treated with SDK did not cause any death and show any clinical signs. They did not show any significant changes of body weight, feed uptake and water consumption. They were not significantly different from the control group in urinalysis, ocular examination and histopathological examination. In hematological and serum biochemical assay, there were no-dose-defendent changes. Therefore, SDK was not indicated to have any toxic effect in the beagle dogs and Sprague-Dawley rats when it was dressed topically below the dosage 1 g/kg/day for four weeks.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.55-63
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• 1999

This study was carried out to investigate the four-week oral toxicity of the CH-50002 (Vibril vaccine) in beagle dogs. The beagle dogs were orally administered for 28 days, with dosage of 0.5, 5, 50 mg/kg/day, respectively. Animals treated with CJ-50002(Vibrio Vaccine) did not cause any death and show any clinical signs. There were not significantly different from the control group in urinalysis, ocular examination, hematological, serum biochemical value and histopathological examination. Therefore, CJ-50002(Vibrio Vaccine) was not indicated to have any toxic efent in the beagle dogs, when ti was orally administered below the dosage 50mg/kg/day for rour weeks.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.30-34
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• 2001

The expediency of promoting rabbit production on underutilized by-product feedstuffs prompted the current investigation of caecal fermentation pattern, blood biochemical profile and histopathological changes of vital organs in 48 broiler rabbits fed diets containing 0, 5, 10 and 20% level of neem seed kernal cake (NSKC) for 6 weeks and subsequently sacrificed. The NSKC incorporation in the diet did not exert any adverse effect on caecal fermentation although the weight of caecum and its contents was significantly (p<0.01; p<0.05) lower in rabbits fed the diet containing 20% NSKC. Except for blood glucose concentration, none of the blood biochemical constituents (serum urea nitrogen, creatinine, total protein, haemoglobin) and the activities of different enzymes (alanine aminotransferase, asparatate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase) varied significantly due to NSKC feeding. A histopathological examination of the vital organs (liver, kidney, heart, spleen, lungs, intestine and stomach) revealed a variable degree of villus atrophy in the intestine and degenerative changes in the liver and tubular epithelium of kidney in some rabbits when NSKC was fed at levels above 10%.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.298-304
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• 2007

Purpose: This study was undertaken to investigate the osteogenic induction potential of PGA & FBS mixture on a calvarial defect in the rabbit. Methods: Twenty New zealand white rabbit, weighing from 3.5-4kg were allocated into each of the three groups. Four 8 mm sized bone defects were made on the parietal bone by drilling. In group I, the bony defects were implanted with $50{\mu}m$ thickness film containing mixture of PGA and FBS. In group II, with PGA only film, & in group III, the bony defects were left with no implants. Results were evaluated by using morphologic change, radiographic study, biochemical study and histologic examination at 1 week (group I n=7, group II n=7, group III n=14), 2 weeks (group I n=6, group II n=6, group III n=12) and 3 weeks (group I n=7, group II n=7, group III n=14) following implantation. Results: In the morphologic & radiographic study, the formation and corticalization of callus were observed earlier in group I than in groups II and III (p < 0.05). In histological examination, group I showed more abundant and faster new bone formation than in group II and III. In biochemical analysis, group I displayed more activity than in group II and III. Group I also showed more abundant osteopontin, osteocalcin than groups II and III. Conclusion: In conclusion, the results demonstrate that the mixture of PGA and FBS has an effect on osteoblastic formation in the rabbit model. It is considered that further evaluation of long term results on resorption, immunologic tissue reaction and response of applied mixture in the human model will be needed.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.648-658
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• 1995

The present study has been performed to evaluate the clinical, microbiological, biochemical and immunological parameters associated with the periodontal disease activity in adolescent periodontitis. 21 young adolescents with evidences of periodontal attachment loss participated in the study for upto 3 years of examination. Probing pocket depths and attachment levels of whole dentitions were annually recorded and 4 deepest pockets, with initial probing depth ${\geq}$ 4mm, were selected as the representative experimental sites of a patient. Sites experiencing attachment loss ${\geq}$ 1mm during the 3-year experimental period were designated as the active sites and these sites were examined for the microbiological and biochemical profiles at the time when attachment loss occurred. Microbiological assay included cultural studies and PerioScan for monitoring BANA(+) organisms(e.g. Porphyromonas gingivalis, Treponema denticola, Bacteriodes forsythus). Biochemical assay has been performed for monitoring GCF levels of neutral protease. Serum IgG and IgG2 titers against Porphyromonas gingivalis 381 were determined of a patients at the beginning and the end of the study, respectively for patient-based analysis. The results indicated that the parameters consisting of microbiological cultures and GCF neutral protease exhibited low association with the periodontal disease activity in adolescents. However, the specificity for microbiological culture of the selected periodontopathic organisms(Aa,Pg,Pi) were considerably high. Moreover, the clinical pameters such as bleeding on probing and presence of plaque as well as IgG levels against Pg at the baseline exminations were closely associated with the subsequent evidences of attachment loss during the whole experimental period(3-year).

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.327-332
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• 1975

Parasitological and biochemical studies for 82 heads (12.2%) showing sterility syndrom out of 672 heads of Korean native cattle were undertaken by analysis of blood values for their contents and examination of their vaginal swabs for Tritrichomonas foetus 1. Tritrichomonas infection of Korean cattle revealed 7 positive cases (8.54%) out of 82 infertile heads. 2. Contents of their serum protean, carotenoid, vitamin A and phosphorus were determined in summer and winter season and the following results were obtained. a) In summer season, average blood value of 30 cattle showing sterility syndrom were determined as protein 7.52g/100ml, carotenoid 165.1g/100ml, vitamin A 173.9 IU/100ml and phosphorus 7.48mg/100ml, respectively. b) In winter. season, average blood value of 52 cattle showing sterility syndrom were determined as protein 7.76g/100ml, carotenoid 413.3g/100ml, vitamin A 174,3 IU/100ml and phosphorus 7.54mg/100ml, respectively.