• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.619-624
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• 1999

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of oligosaccharides(fructo or isomalto ) contained in sponge cake on blood lipids and intestinal physiology in rats. The experimental diet was mixed with 30% sponge cakes. Normal male Sprague Dawley rats weighing about 530g were randomly assigned to three groups and placed experimental diets and deionized water at free access for 25 days. Rat in control group received a diet mixed with sponge cake containing sucrose only at 21.58g/100g diet and rats in the other two groups received diets mixed with sponge cakes of which 40% sucrose was replaced with each oligosaccharide. The results obtained were as follows: No significant differences in efficiency of food, liver weight and intestinal length were observed among groups. The cecal contents and cecal wall weights were increased more in fructooligosaccharide(FO) group than control. The pH of cecal contents decreased significantly in two oligosaccharide groups. The water contents of fresh feces in FO group were the highest and the those of two oligosaccharide groups were higher than that of control. Dry fecal weight increased significantly in isomaltooligosaccharide(IMO) group. Total serum cholesterol concentration was significantly lower in FO group. Serum triglyceride(TG) was not significantly different among three groups at p<0.05, but serum TG of FO group was lower than those of other groups. In conclusion, 40% replacement of sucrose with oligosaccharides in sponge cake may have beneficial effects on lipid metabolism and intestinal function in rats.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.328-334
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• 2001

Male Sprageu-Dawely rats fed a cholesterol diet (Control group) or cholesterol diet supplemented with the water-soluble extract of stem bark from Cudrania tricuspidata(CTSB group) at the level of 0.5% for 2 weeks. Concentration of triglyceride in serum of CTSB group was significantly lower than that of control group. However, the other lipids concentrations of liver and serum, body weight gain, and food intake did not show significant difference between CTSB group and control group. Antioxidative activities of water-soluble extract from stem bark of Cudrania tricuspidata on the lipid peroxidation in rat were also studied in vivo by measuring the formation of thiobarbituric acid reactive substance(TBARS). Concentration of TBATS in the liver homogenates of CTSB group was significantly higher than that in control group. Nonheme iron concentration was significantly increased in the liver of CTSB group compared to control group. suggested that enhanced nonheme irom was associated with enhanced peroxidation of liver in CTSB group. These results suggested that water soluble extract from stem bark of Cudrania tricuspidata exert the hypotriglycerolemic effect and might amplify the lipid peroxidation of tissues in cholesterol fed rats.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.513-524
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• 1993

mechanisms for the hypocholesterolemic effects of $\beta$-glucan remain unclear. Rats were divided into 3 groups ; normal control group, atherogenic group(oral administration of cholesterol 40 mg/kg/day plus vit. $D_2$ 320,000 IU/kg/day), $\beta$-glucan treatment group(atherogenic treatment plus $\beta$-glucan 0.135 g/kg/day). The $\beta$-glucan treatment group showed moderate increases of serum lipids concentration compared with atherogenic group. In histopathological examination, aortas showed no critical lesions. The total fecal neutral sterols and bile acids excreted for 6 days was increased compared with both normal and atherogenic group. To compare effects of soluble fiber and insoluble fiber extracted from barley on postprandial lipemia, 5 healthy male adults ingested on separate days a low-fiber(total dietary fiber 2.61g) control meal or dietary fiber-enriched(12.61g) meals. Fasting and postprandial blood samples were obtained for 6.5h and serum lipids were analyzed. The serum total lipids, total cholesterols, LDL & VLDL-cholesterol were markedly reduced with soluble fiber-enriched meals, but no decrease with insoluble fiber-enriched meals. These results suggest that mechanisms for the hypocholesterolemic effect of $\beta$-glucan on rats were due to the inhibition of cholesterol absorption in the intestinal lumen and acceleration of cholesterol catabolism in the liver. And the soluble dietary fiber($\beta$-glucan) has the hypocholesterolemic effect by dropping serum LDL & VLDL-cholesterol in the clinical study.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.68-77
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• 1984

The present study was designed to observe the effects of soyprotein and casein with or without cholesterol on serum and liver lipids in male rats. The 6 experimental groups were as fellows ; SF ; soyprotein, cholesterol-free diet. SC ; soyprotein, 0.5% cholesterol added diet. CF ; casein, cholesterol-free diet CC ; casein,0.5% cholesterol added diet. SCF ; protein mixture of soyprotein and casein(1 : 1), cholesterol-free diet SCC ; mixed protein, 0.5% cholesterol added diet. The hypocholesterolemic and hypotriglyceridemic effects of soyprotein were observed at 3 weeks, but these effects disappeared at 6 weeks. The hypocholesterolemic effect of soyprotein was more obvious when the 0.5% cholesterol was supplemented in the diets. The serum free cholesterol level was not affected by the dietary protein source or the dietary cholesterol, therefore, the difference in serum total cholesterol among groups seems due to the difference in cholesterol esters. There was a tendency of a higher percentage of HDL in soyprotein groups compared to casein groups at 1 week, however, this tendency disappeared with time. The liver cholesterol and triglyceride contents were not differ among cholesterol-free diet groups, however, with addition of cholesterol, those of soyprotein groups were significantly lower than casein groups. The higher serum arginine/lysine ratio of soyprotein groups may offer the part of explanation of its hypocholesterolemic effect.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.171-178
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• 2000

본 실험은 간장기능보호를 위한 식품소재를 검토하기 위하여 수행되었다. 인진쑥, 콩나물, 솔잎추출물은 in vitro 간장 fatty acid synthase 활성을 억제하였다. 한편, 솔잎, 콩나물추출물은 사염화탄소를 처리한 횐쥐의 혈청 GPT및 GOT효소활성의 상승을 억제하였다. 인진쑥, 콩나물추출물은 사염화탄소처리에 의한 흰쥐의 간장 microsome의 과산화지질함량의 상승을 억제하였다. 나아가 콩나물추출물은 사염화탄소에 의해 증가한 흰쥐의 간장콜레스테롤 및 중성지질함량을 현저하게 감소시켰다. 이러한 결과는 인진쑥, 솔잎, 콩나물추출물의 사염화탄소에 의한 간장손상의 보호기능을 보여 준다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.963-968
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• 1996

20% 생콩가루 및 생콩가루에 마그네슘 첨가 식이로 streptozotoxin 유발 당뇨쥐를 4주간 사육하여 체중, 간과 췌장무게, 혈당, 혈중 지질 농도 및 간의 지질 농도에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 모든 당뇨군은 당뇨병으로 인한 대사장애로 정상군에 비하여 체중이 감소되었다. 간의 총 무게는 대조군과 모든 당뇨군이 비슷한 무게를 보였으나, 체중에 대한 간 무게의 %비율은 모든 당뇨군이 대조군 보다 유의하게 증가하였다. 췌장의 무게는 대조군 및 당뇨대조군에 비하여 당뇨생콩군 및 당뇨생콩+마그네슘군이 유의하게 증가되었다. 혈당량은 당뇨대조군에 비하여 당뇨생콩군 및 당뇨생콩+마그네슘군이 각각 73% 및 44% 유의하게 감소되었으나, 정상대조군에 비하여는 당뇨생콩군 및 당뇨생콩+마그네슘군이 각각 77및 111%증가되어 정상수준으로 혈당을 낮추지는 못하였다. 혈청의 중성지질, 인지질 및 총 콜레스테를 농도는 당뇨생콩군과 당뇨생콩+마그네슘군이 당뇨대조군에 비하연 유의하게 감소되어 정상대조군과 비슷한 경향으로 혈청의 지질 농도는 정상 수준으로 개선되었다. 간의 총 지질과 중성지질 농도는 대조군에 비하여 각 당뇨군이 유의하게 감소 되었으며, 특히 당뇨생콩+마그네슘군이 가장 낮은 농도를 보였다. 인지질 농도는 당뇨생콩+마그네슘군이 유의하게 감소되었다. 그리고 간의 총 콜레스테를 농도는 각 실험군이 변화를 보이지 않았다. 혈청의 HDL-콜레스데를 농도는 대조군과 당뇨실철군이 비슷한 수준을 보였다. 이상의 결과로 보아 생콩이 당뇨쥐의 혈당을 낮추어 주는 작용이 있고, 혈청 지질대사의 개선효과 등 부분적인 개선 효과가 있는 것으로 나타났으나 앞으로 많은 연구가 이루어져야 할 것으로 사료된다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제26권8호
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• pp.1080-1088
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• 2013

Our previous results showed that kisspeptin-10 (Kp-10) injections via intraperitoneal (i.p.) once daily for three weeks notably promoted the egg laying rate in quails. In order to investigate the mechanism behind the effects of Kp-10 on enhancing the egg laying rate in birds, this study focused on the alternations of lipids synthesis in liver after Kp-10 injections. 75 female quails (22 d of age) were allocated to three groups randomly, and subjected to 0 (control, Con), 10 nmol (low dosage, L) and 100 nmol (high dosage, H) Kp-10 injections via i.p. once daily for three weeks, respectively. At d 52, quails were sacrificed and sampled for further analyses. Serum $E_2$ concentration was increased by Kp-10 injections, and reached statistical significance in H group. Serum triglyceride (TG) concentrations were increased by 46.7% in L group and 36.8% in H group, respectively, but did not reach statistical significance, and TG contents in liver were significantly elevated by Kp-10 injections in a dose-dependent manner. Serum total cholesterol (Tch) concentrations significantly decreased in H group, while in H group the hepatic Tch content was markedly increased. The level of non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA), apolipoprotein A1 and B (apoA1 and apoB) were not altered by Kp-10 injections. The genes expression of sterol regulatory element binding protein-1 (SREBP-1), fatty acid synthetase (FAS), apolipoprotein VLDL-II (apoVLDL-II), cholesterol $7{\alpha}$-hydroxylase (CYP7A1) and vitellogenin II (VTG-II) were significantly up-regulated by high but not low dosage of Kp-10 injection compared to the control group. However, the expression of SREBP-2, acetyl-CoA carboxylase ($ACC_{\alpha}$), malic enzyme (ME), stearoyl-CoA (${\Delta}9$) desaturase 1 (SCD1), apolipoprotein A1 (apoA1), fatty acid binding protein 2 (FABP2), 3-hydroxyl-3-methyl glutaryl-coenzyme A reductases (HMGCR), estrogen receptor ${\alpha}$, ${\beta}$($ER{\alpha}$ and ${\beta}$) mRNA were not affected by Kp-10 treatment. In line with hepatic mRNA abundance, hepatic SREBP1 protein content was significantly higher in H group. Although the mRNA expression was not altered, the content of $ER{\alpha}$ protein in liver was also significantly increased in H group. However, SREBP-2 protein content in liver was not changed by Kp-10 treatment. In conclusion, exogenous Kp-10 consecutive injections during juvenile stage significantly advanced the tempo of egg laying in quails, which was associated with the significant elevation in hepatic lipids synthesis and transport.

• 대한약침학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.158-164
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• 2020

Objectives: The aim of the present work was to evaluate the possible beneficial effects of F. latisecta on blood glucose, lipids, and diabetes-related changes in the liver and kidney of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Methods: Male Wistar rats were randomly allocated into four groups (n = 6): normal control rats, diabetic control rats, diabetic rats treated for 4 weeks with F. latisecta root (400 mg/kg/day), and diabetic rats treated with F. latisecta aerial parts (400 mg/kg/day). Results: Induction of diabetes significantly (p < 0.05) increased the levels of fasting blood glucose (FBG), triglyceride, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alanine aminotransferase (ALT). Diabetes also increased (p < 0.05) oxidative stress in the kidney and liver (decrease of thiol and increase of superoxide dismutase). The root and aerial parts of F. latisecta significantly reduced the level of LDL (p < 0.05) and restored the content of thiol (p < 0.05) and superoxide dismutase (p < 0.01) in the kidney and liver. F. latisecta had no significant effect on the levels of FBG, BUN, AST, and ALT. The root of F. latisecta also reduced the serum level of total cholesterol (p < 0.05) and prevented the progression of hyperglycemia. Conclusion: These findings suggest that F. latisecta may improve diabetic dyslipidemia by reducing serum LDL. Further studies are needed to confirm our findings.

• 한국가정과학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.71-80
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• 2006

To investigate the effects of the supplementation of Stevia. Rebaudian Bertoni on serum and hepatic lipid levels and enzyme activities in rat administered with ethanol chronically. Sprague-Dawley male rats were orally treated with either an AIN-76 diet(C, control), a control diet plus ethanol(E, 4g/kg bw), E plus stevia extract-1(ES1, 1ml/kg bw), or E plus stevia extract-2(ES2, 2ml/kg bw) for 7 weeks. Serum triglyceride levels were increased in the E group and were decreased in the ES 1 group. Liver triglyceride levels were decreased significantly in the ES2 groups and Total-cholesterol were decreased in the ES1, ES2 groups compared with the E group. Liver $\gamma-GTP$ levels were decreased significantly in the ES1, ES2 groups compared with the E group. In addition, we have evaluated the serum or liver carnitine levels in those groups. Liver TCNE levels were increased significantly in the ES1, ES2 compared with the E group. These results may suggest that supplementation of Stevia. Rebaudian Bertoni has effects on the recovery of chronic ethanol-related diseases.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.127-131
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• 1993

단백식이조건을 달리하여 성장시킨 동물에 $CCl_4$를 투여하였을 때 혈청중 lipoprotein 분획비의 변동 및 이의 원인을 검토할 목적으로 흰쥐를 저단백식이(7% casein : LP) 및 고단백식이 (20% casein : HP)로 성장시킨 후, 50% $CCl_4$(v/v in olive oil)를 복강내 주사한 다음 간 중량 및 혈청 ALT 활성도 측정으로 간손상을 확인함과 동시에, 혈청지질과 혈청 lipoprotein 분획비를 측정하였다. $CCl_4$투여시 체중 당 간무게 및 혈청중 ALT의 활성도는 대조군에 비해 증가하였으며 그 증가율은 HP군이 LP군보다 더 높게 나타났다. 혈청중 총지질, 총 cholesterol 및 triglyceride의 함량은 대조군간에 별다른 차이를 관찰할 수 없었으나, $CCl_4$투여로 인해 이들 지질은 대조군에 비해 감소하였으며, 그 감소율은 HP군이 LP군보다 높게 나타났다. $CCl_4$투여로 인한 lipoprotein분획비의 변동은 대조군에 비하여 양군 공히 pre $\beta$-lipoprotein비율 및 $\alpha$-lipoprotein 비율은 감소되었고, 그 감소율은 HP군이 LP군에 비해 더 크게 나타났다. 한편 $\beta$-lipoprotein비율은 $CCl_4$투여로 인하여 두군 공히 증가하였으며 그 증가율은 HP군에서 높게 나타났다. 이상의 실험결과와 문헌상의 지견을 종합해 볼때 $CCl_4$투여시 LP군에 비하여 HP군에서 간손상이 보다 더 심하게 나타나며, 이로 인하여 apoprotein의 합성억제현상이 초래됨으로써 혈청중 lipoprotein분획비의 변동이 높게 나타날 것으로 생각된다.