• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.45-51
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• 1979

The present study was undertaken to observe the immune status of breeding hens and laying hens against Newcastle disease (ND). The methods of extraction of hemagglutination inhibition (HI) antibody from egg yolk, the detection of HI antibody in egg albumen and the correlation between HI antibody titers in maternal sera and egg yolks were discussed. For the purposes of these experiments, 9 flocks of breeding hens and 16 flocks of laying hens immunized against Newcastle disease virus were investigated. The vaccination program of tested flocks was 3-3-3 or 4-4-4 in general. The results obtained are summerized as follows: Freezing-thawing was the best method far antibody extraction from egg yolk for HI test. The HI antibody against NDV was found in egg albumen (geometric mean, 4.5), but lower than that found in egg yolk (32.1). The geometric mean of HI antibody titers of egg yolks (84.1) was higher than that of maternal sera (68.4) and day-old chicken sera (25.3). There was correlation between HI antibody titers of maternal sera(Y) and those of egg yolks(X). The coefficient correlation was r=0.63, and the line of regression of Y on X was $\hat{Y}$=35.91+0.35X.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.17-21
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• 1974

The experiment was carried out to determine the concentration of vitamin A by Carr-Price reaction ot fifty six sera obtained from normal cows and fourty four sera from the cows with ovarian hypofunction. The results obtained in this work were summerized as follows: 1. The mean values of vitamin A concentration of sera obtained from the cows with ovarian hypofunction were 88 IU/100 ml in summer (grazing), and in winter 79 IU/100 ml (hay) and 173 IU/100 ml (trench silage). The mean values of vitamin A concentration of sera from normal cows were 212 IU/100 ml in summer (grazing), and in winter 113IU/100 ml (hay) and 338IU/100 ml (trench silage). The differences of the concentrations of vitamin A among three groups were statistically highly significant (p<0.01). 2. The differences of vitamin A concentrations between the hay group and the trench silage group in normal cows and in cows with ovarian hypofunction were statistically highly significant (p<0.01). 3. The concentrations of vitamin A in summer group (grazing) were higher than those of the hay group in winter in normal cows and in cows with ovarian hypofunction. 4. The concentrations of vitamin A in the trench silage group in winter were higher than those of summer group (grazing) in normal cows and in cows with ovarian hypofunction.

• The Journal of the Korean Society for Microbiology
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.141-147
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• 2000

We purified enolase from Candida albicans KNIH10 strain which was isolated from a clinical specimen in Korea. The purified enolase was used to detect anti-Candida antibodies in sera of patients with invasive candidiasis. For purification of enolase from the crude extract prepared by French pressure at 20,000 PSI, the fast performance liquid chromatography (FPLC) using DEAE-sepharose column was used. The elutes at $0.3{\sim}0.4\;M$ NaCl in FPLC was purified with homogenity in SDS-PAGE and its enzymatic activity was confirmed in sera of invasive candidiasis with candidemia patient by immunoblotting. The purified enolase indicated no signal (100% specificity) in 40 normal human sera and 75% (6/8) sensitivity in sera of candidemic patients with suspicious invasive candidiasis by immunoblotting.

• The Journal of the Korean Society for Microbiology
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.79-83
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• 1984

To determine the existence of anti-HLA antibodies finally in 220 human placental extracts to be proved negative antiserum by previous anti-HLA A,B,C antibody screening procedure, the present study was performed by fractionation of immunoglobulins using saturated ammonium sulfate and by simple batch method on DEAE cellulose. Thereafter using known 150 T-lymphocyte panels, complement-dependent microlymphocytotoxicity test was performed to observe the existence of anti-HLA antibodies and the degree of the antibody response of the concentrates. The following results were obtained: 1. Of total 141 placental sera concentrated 45 cases(31.9%) were showed significant anti-HLA A,B,C antibody response after concentration(Excellent, 19(13.5%), Good, 3(2.1%), Weak, 23(16.3%)). 2. Anti-HLA specificities of placental sera obtained after concentration were A2, A24, B13, B27, B44, B51, CN1, C7. 3. A new type C new-1 anti-HLA antibody that is only expressed in Korean people, was obtained. 4. 79 placental sera purrified by simple batch method using DEAE cellulose were showed negative anti-HLA antibody responses.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.97-100
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• 2014

This study was performed in Korea to get serological information for bovine herpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1), most commonly found in cattle. Antibodies against BoHV-1 were examined by targeting infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR) in unvaccinated and vaccinated cattle, using viral neutralization (VN) test. In 2013, among 261 sera collected from IBR-unvaccinated herds, 7 sera (2.7%) were found seropositive and their VN titers were ranging from 1:4 to 1:32. Among 315 sera collected from IBR-vaccinated herds in large capacity farms, 303 sera (96.2%) were found to be seropositive for BoHV-1 and their VN titers were in the range of 1:4 to 1:2048. It was found that the IBR-vaccinated herds had higher levels of VN titer than IBR-unvaccinated herds. The results indicated that it may be due to heavy vaccination in vaccinated herds and no or a little infection in unvaccinated herds. At the end of the study it was concluded that although the seropositivity in IBR-unvaccinated herds was low, the monitoring of IBR should be continuously practiced to control and prevent the disease because of exportation of living cattle causing its nationwide outbreaks.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.161-165
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• 2004

Background: Anti-cardiolipin antibody (Anti-CL Ab) is one of the various antiphospholipid antibodies (Anti-PL Abs) and found in the plasma of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), atherosclerosis, and other infectious diseases. While anti-PL Abs found in the sera of patients with infectious diseases bind directly to CL, binding of anti-PL Abs to CL circulating in the sera of patients with autoimmune diseases is mediated by $\beta_2-$glycoprotein 1 ($\beta_2-GP1$). The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of <$\beta_2-GP1$ on the antigen binding assay of anti-CL Abs present in the sera of patients with atherosclerosis, which has been known as one of autoimmune diseases. Methods: ELISA was performed with sera containing anti-CL Abs from three patients with atherosclerosis in the presence or absence of $\beta_2-GP1$ or FBS. Results: Reactivity of anti-CL Abs to CL was increased in the presence of $\beta_2-GP1$ or FBS in a dose dependent manner. Conclusion: <$\beta_2-GP1$ or FBS could be used as co-factor in CL ELISA with anti-CL Abs present in the sera of patients with atherosclerosis. It is suggested that anti-CL Abs found in atherosclerosis patients are similar in terms of antigen binding property to those circulating in the patients with autoimmune diseases, not to infectious diseases.

• The Journal of the Korean Society for Microbiology
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.39-46
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• 1980

This experiment has been made to evaluate the distribution of OEP-HA titer, protease-HA titer and elastase-HA titer of antibody which are the common antigen of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in the serum of healthy mother-newborn infant-pairs, term pregnancy women and under 7 month old infants. By analysing the normal limt of these antibodies, it is expected that the result can be clinically applicable to the diagnosis, management and prevention of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection, which shows rapid increase nowadays, 1. The Anti OEP-HA titer showed under 1:8, a very low titer, in 73% of cord sera group, but over 1:32 in 68% of mother sera group. 2. In healthy mother-newborn infant-pairs group, the anti OEP-HA titer of mothers showed 1:56, 48, much higher than that of newborn infant, 1:16.42. from which it can be concluded that their titer has no relation between the two. 3. The anti OEP-HA titers of healthy mother and term pregnancy women showed 1:56.5 and 1:53, 4, respectively, which are very similar to each ether, but in infant group, the titer showed 1:33, 51 higher than that of cord sera, 1:16.42 4. The anti protease-HA titer showed under 1:8 in 64-77.5% of total cases, which is lower than that of anti OEP-HA titer. 5. The anti elastase-HA titer showed under 1:8 in 93.75% of cord sera group and in 70.27-76.37% of infant, term perenancy women and mother group, but in infant group, the anti elastase-HA titer showed 1:16.56 higher than that of cord sera group 1:8.5.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.292-297
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• 1994

This study was conducted to investigate antigenic potential of DA-3030, a recombinant human granulocyte-colony stimulating factor, in guinea pigs and mice. In the active systemic anaphylaxis test, the guinea pigs sensitized with 1.25 or 12.5 $\mu\textrm{g}$/head of DA-3030 alone did not show any anaphylactic reaction. In the homologous passive cutaneous anaphylaxis reaction, anti-DA-3030 antibody was not detected in guinea pigs sensitized with 1.25 or 12.5 $\mu\textrm{g}$/head of DA-3030 alone. On the other hand, the guinea pigs sensitized with 12.5 $\mu\textrm{g}$/heed of DA-3030 incorporated in Freund's complete adjuvant(FCA) or 1 mg/head of ovalbumin incorporated in FCA showed anaphylactic reaction. Anti-DA-3030 antibody was also detected in those guinea pigs. In immunodiffusion test using the sera sensitized with DA-3030 incorporated in FCA, precipitating antibodies were detected only in the sera sensitized with DA-3030 or DA-3030 incorporated in FCA showed. In 24-hour heterologous PCA reaction with sera of C57BL/6 mice immunized with 1.25 or 12.5 $\mu\textrm{g}$/head of DA-3030 alone, none of the sera showed positive reaction. But sera of the animals immunized with 12.5 $\mu\textrm{g}$/head of DA-3030 incorporated in aluminum hydroxide gel(Alum) or 5 $\mu\textrm{g}$/head of ovalbumin incorporated in alum showed positive PCA reaction. DA-3030 did not cause anaphylactic shock or passive cutaneous anaphylaxis in guinea pigs and mice when given alone although DA-3030 incorporated in FCA or Alum induced anaphylactic shock and passive cutaneous anaphylaxis. From these results, it may be concluded the DA-3030 does not induce systemic allergic reaction when administered alone in its clinical use.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.311-317
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• 1999

Human T-cell leukemia virus Type-I (HTLV-I) is etiologically associated with rare adult T-cell leukemia, a malignant T-cell disorder. cDNAs encoding p24 (gag), gp21(env), and pXII of HTLV-I were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using the genomic DNA extracted from HUT102 cell line as a template. The amplified cDNAs were cloned into the Escherichia coli expression vectors and over-expression of the recombinant proteins were achieved by adding IPTG into the culture media in order to induce the promoter. The molecular weights of the recombinant p24, gp21, and pXII, determined by SDS-PAGE, were found to be approximately 28 kDa, 23 kDa, and 15 kDa, respectively. Reactivity of the recombinant proteins with human sera was tested by the immunoblot assay. The gp21 and p24 reacted against the sera obtained from HTLV-I-infected individuals but not against the sera obtained from normal persons. These results suggest that the recombinant proteins expressed in E. coli were recognized by antibodies in sera from HTLV-I infected patients. These recombinant proteins would be applicable for detecting the presence of antibodies against HTLV-I in human blood samples.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.249-256
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• 1999

A total of 198 sera from stray cats was assayed against Toxoplasma gondii antigen by western blot. Out of 198 sera assayed, 26 sera (13.1％) showed typical blot patterns against T gondii. When spotted by ELISA absorbance and indirect latex agglutination lest (ILAT) titer, all 26 cases were distributed over the cut-off value of ELISA whereas 24 cases (92.3％) were in the positive range of 1:32 or higher and 2 cases in negative range by ILAT. Among western blot negative 172 sera, 162 cases were negative in both ILAT and ELISA while 10 cases were reactive falsely such that three cases were ILAT positive with 1:32 titer and 9 cases were ELISA positive (2 cases overlapped). These 10 cases reacted peculiarly without typical binding pattern in Western blot. Sandwich-ELISA was performed with monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) of Tg563 (30 kDa, SAG 1), Tg505 (22 kDa, SAG2), Tg605 (43 kDa, SAG3), Tg556 (28 kDa, GRA2), Tg737 (32 kDa, GRA6). Tg695 (66 kDa, ROP2), Tg786 (42 kDa, ROP6), and Tg621 (32 kDa, anonymous but cytosolic) clone, respectively. All western blot-positive cases were in the positive range and negative cases in the negative range clearly. Among the 10 false reactive cases, 3 cases were in the positive range with one or more mAbs. All mAbs used in this study were confirmed to be specific to T. gondii infection as a standardized sandwich-ELISA to differentiate it from other pathogens.