• 미생물학회지
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.230-230
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• 2002

Class Ⅲ chitin synthases in filamentous fungi are important for hyphal growth and differentiation of several filamentous fungi. A genomic clone containing the full gene encoding Chs4, a class Ⅲ chitin synthase in Penicillium chrysogenum, was cloned by PCR screening and colony hybridization from the genomic library. Nucleotide sequence analysis and transcript mapping of chs4 revealed an open reading frame (ORF) that consisted of 5 exons and 4 introns and encoded a putative protein of 915 amino acids. Nucleotide sequence analysis of the 5′flanking region of the ORF revealed a potential TATA box and several binding sites for transcription activators. The putative transcription initiation site at -716 position was identified by primer extension and the expression of the chs4 during the vegetative growth was confirmed by Northern blot analysis. Amino acid sequence analysis of the Chs4 revealed at least 5 transmembrane helices and several sites for past-transnational modifications. Comparison of the amino acid sequence of Chs4 with those of other fungi showed a close relationship between P chrysogenum and genus Aspergillus.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.347-363
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• 2009

The 15,389-bp long complete mitogenome of the endangered red-spotted apollo butterfly, Parnassius bremeri (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae) was determined in this study. The start codon for the COI gene in insects has been extensively discussed, and has long remained a matter of some controversy. Herein, we propose that the CGA (arginine) sequence functions as the start codon for the COI gene in lepidopteran insects, on the basis of complete mitogenome sequences of lepidopteran insects, including P. bremeri, as well as additional sequences of the COI start region from a diverse taxonomic range of lepidopteran species (a total of 53 species from 15 families). In our extensive search for a tRNA-like structure in the A+T-rich region, one $tRNA^{Trp}$-like sequence and one $tRNA^{Leu}(UUR)$-like sequence were detected in the P. bremeri A+T-rich region, and one or more tRNA-like structures were detected in the A+T-rich region of the majority of other sequenced lepidopteran insects, thereby indicating that such features occur frequently in the lepidopteran mitogenomes. Phylogenetic analysis using the concatenated 13 amino acid sequences and nucleotide sequences of PCGs of the four macrolepidopteran superfamilies together with the Tortricoidea and Pyraloidea resulted in the successful recovery of a monophyly of Papilionoidea and a monophyly of Bombycoidea. However, the Geometroidea were unexpectedly identified as a sister group of the Bombycoidea, rather than the Papilionoidea.

• 한국어병학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.211-218
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• 2009

경북 울진 지역에서 채집된 양식 강도다리와 충남 태안 및 부산 지역 넙치 시료로부터 분리한 MABV에 대한 유전자 비교를 위해 VP2-NSPhylogenetic VP3 region (432 bp)을 phylogenetic 분석에 이용했다. Sequence 확인 결과 MABV (08-KU)는 일본 방어에서 최초 분리 보고된 YTAV와 98%의 nucleotide 유사성이 나타났으며, 이전 보고된 다 른 여러 strain들과는 76%이상 유사한 것으로 확인되었다. 그리고 MABV (06-KP)와 MABV (08-KC)도 YTAV와 97-98%의 높은 sequence 유사성을 보였다. 또한 다양한 MABV strain들과의 비교를 위해 충남태안 및 부산지역 넙치 시료에서 분리한 MABV (08-KC)와 MABV (06-KP)에 대한 phylogenetic 분석도 실시하였다. 그 결과 분석에 사용된 MABV (08-KU0, MABV (06-KP), MABV (08-KC)는 모두 일본 방어에서 분리된 MABV Y6와 동일한 genogroup VII에 포함 되었다.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제18권7호
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• pp.1565-1570
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• 2014

네트워크 통신에서 베이스노드가 목적지 노드에 데이터를 전송하는데 데이터가 목적지 노드에 전송하는 경로방향을 설정하는 것은 효율적인 데이터 전송을 위해 매우 중요하다고 할 수 있다. 표준 프로토콜의 하나인 애드혹 프로토콜은 패킷 혹은 데이터가 어떻게 목적지에 도달하는지 경로를 결정한다. 그중 대표적인 것이 애드혹 주문형 거리프로토콜 (AODV)이나 동적 소스 라우팅 프로토콜 (DSR) 이다. 본 논문에서 제안하는 작은 종단연결 순차번호를 이용한 라우팅 프로토콜은 라우트 방향이 가이드 노드의 도움을 받아 적절히 업데이트 되어 효율적이고 프로토콜의 성능분석에 초점을 맞추어 다른 두 프로토콜과 비교한다. 실험은 네트워크 시뮬레이터 (NS-2)를 사용하고 시뮬레이션 시간, 노드개수, 패킷 크기 같은 파라미터에 근거하고 패킷전송비율, 라우팅 부하, 데이터 전송률 같은 본 논문에서 제시한 성능지표에 따라 비교 분석한다. 그 결과 작은 종단연결 순차번호를 이용한 라우팅 프로토콜이 애드혹 주문형 거리 프로토콜 (AODV) 이나 동적 소스 라우팅 프로토콜 (DSR) 에 비해 우수한 성능을 가진 것으로 나타난다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제21권7호
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• pp.667-674
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• 2011

The gene for esterase (rEst1) was isolated from a new species of genus Rheinheimera by functional screening of E. coli cells transformed with the pSMART/HaeIII genomic library. E. coli cells harboring the esterase gene insert could grow and produce clear halo zones on tributyrin agar. The rEst1 ORF consisted of 1,029 bp, corresponding to 342 amino acid residues with a molecular mass of 37 kDa. The signal P program 3.0 revealed the presence of a signal peptide of 25 amino acids. Esterase activity, however, was associated with a homotrimeric form of molecular mass 95 kDa and not with the monomeric form. The deduced amino acid sequence showed only 54% sequence identity with the closest lipase from Cellvibrio japonicus strain Ueda 107. Conserved domain search and multiple sequence alignment revealed the presence of an esterase/ lipase conserved domain consisting of a GXSXG motif, HGGG motif (oxyanion hole) and HGF motif, typical of the class IV hormone sensitive lipase family. On the basis of the sequence comparison with known esterases/ lipases, REst1 represents a new esterase belonging to the class IV family. The purified enzyme worked optimally at $50^{\circ}C$ and pH 8, utilized pNP esters of short chain lengths, and showed best catalytic activity with p-nitrophenyl butyrate ($C_4$), indicating that it was an esterase. The enzyme was completely inhibited by PMSF and DEPC and showed moderate organotolerance.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.704-710
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• 2017

본 연구팀은 프레스 공정의 협소공간에서 작업이 가능한 6자유도 로봇을 개발하고 있으며, 본 논문은 개발된 로봇의 작업 시간을 최소화하기 위한 작업 시퀀스 최적화 방법을 제안하였다. 우선 6 자유도 로봇의 기구학을 모델링하고 작업 시간 예측 방법을 기술하였다. 그리고 작업 시퀀스 최적화를 위하여 수학적 모델을 제시하고, 이를 바탕으로 개미 집단 시스템(ant colony system), 시뮬레이트 어니일링(simulated annealing), 유전자 알고리즘(genetic algorithm)의 세 가지 최적화 방법을 적용하고 결과를 비교 분석하였다. 시뮬레이션 결과 유전자 알고리즘이 가장 좋은 결과를 보임을 확인할 수 있었으며, 계산 속도 측면에서도 가장 빨리 최적값에 수렴하였다. 또한, 개미집단시스템과 시뮬레이티드 어니일링의 경우 여러 파라미터 값들의 설정에 따라 수렴된 최적값의 편차가 비교적 큰 것에 비하여, 유전자 알고리즘은 파라미터 값에 상관없이 안정적으로 근사 최적값을 찾을 수 있었다. 마지막으로, 로봇의 작업시퀀스 최적화 방법을 시각적으로 검증하기 위하여 Mathworks 사의 Matlab과 Coppelia Robotics 사의 V-REP (virtual robot experimentation platform)를 사용한 시뮬레이션을 수행하였다.

• 한국정보과학회논문지:소프트웨어및응용
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• 제34권7호
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• pp.595-602
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• 2007

본 논문에서는 미지의 아미노산 서열이 신호 펩티다제 I에 의해 절단되는 분비성 단백질인지를 판별하고, 분비성 단백질일 경우에는 절단 위치를 예측하는 방법을 제안한다. 아미노산의 소수성을 이용한 전처리를 수행하여 분비성 단백질의 선도서열인 신호서열의 존재와 절단 위치를 추정한다. 전처리를 통해서 신호서열 아닌 서열을 초기에 제외함으로써 신호서열 예측의 정확도를 높인다. 지지벡터기계를 신호서열의 예측에 효과적으로 적용하기 위해서, 생물학적 정보와 관련된 아미노산 서열간의 거리를 제안한다. 아미노산의 세포내 위치를 예측할 수 있는 소수성 척도와 아미노산의 진화적인 관계를 나타낼 수 있는 치환행렬을 이용하여 아미노산 서열간의 거리를 정의한다. Swiss-Prot release 50 단백질 자료에 대하여 교차타당성 기법을 사용하여 실험한 결과 제안한 방법은 신호서열중에 98.9%를 신호서열로 판별하였고, 88%의 절단위치 예측정확도를 보였다. 기존의 방법과의 비교실험을 통해서 제안한 방법이 신호서열의 예측에 더욱 효과적임을 확인하였다.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제42권1호
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• pp.19-26
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• 2017

Objectives: Recently, bioceramic sealers like EndoSequence BC Sealer (BC Sealer) have been introduced and are being used in endodontic practice. However, this sealer has limited research related to its retreatability. Hence, the aim of this study was to evaluate the retreatability of two sealers, BC Sealer as compared with AH Plus using micro-computed tomographic (micro-CT) analysis. Materials and Methods: Fifty-six extracted human maxillary incisors were instrumented and randomly divided into 4 groups of 14 teeth: 1A, gutta-percha, AH Plus retreated with chloroform; 1B, gutta-percha, AH Plus retreated without chloroform; 2A, gutta-percha, EndoSequence BC Sealer retreated with chloroform; 2B, gutta-percha, EndoSequence BC Sealer retreated without chloroform. Micro-CT scans were taken before and after obturation and retreatment and analyzed for the volume of residual material. The specimens were longitudinally sectioned and digitized images were taken with the dental operating microscope. Data was analyzed using an ANOVA and a post-hoc Tukey test. Fisher exact tests were performed to analyze the ability to regain patency. Results: There was significantly less residual root canal filling material in the AH Plus groups retreated with chloroform as compared to the others. The BC Sealer samples retreated with chloroform had better results than those retreated without chloroform. Furthermore, patency could be re-established in only 14% of teeth in the BC Sealer without chloroform group. Conclusion: The results of this study demonstrate that the BC Sealer group had significantly more residual filling material than the AH Plus group regardless of whether or not both sealers were retreated with chloroform.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.430-434
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• 2018

Candida glabrata is the second most prevalent causative agent for candidiasis following C. albicans. The opportunistic yeast, C. glabrata, is able to cause the critical bloodstream infections in hospitalized patients. Conventional identification methods for yeasts are often time consuming and labor intensive. Therefore, recent studies on sequence-based identification have been conducted. Recently, sequencing the D1/D2 domain of the large subunit ribosomal RNA gene and the internal transcribed spacers (ITS) 1 and ITS2 regions of the ribosomal DNA has proven useful for DNA-based identification of most species of fungi. In the present study, therefore, fungal ITS and D1/D2 domain regions were targeted and analyzed by DNA sequencing for the accurate identification of C. glabrata clinical isolates. A total of 102 C. glabrata clinical isolates from various clinical samples including bloodstream, catheterized urine, bile and other body fluids were used in the study. The results of the DNA sequence analysis showed that the mean standard deviation of species identity percent score between ITS and D1/D2 domain regions was $97.8%{\pm}2.9$ and $99.7%{\pm}0.46$, respectively. These results revealed that the D1/D2 domain region might be a better target for identifying C. glabrata clinical isolates based on DNA sequences than the ITS1 and ITS2 regions. However, in order to evaluate the usefulness of D1/D2 domain region for species identification of all Candida species, other Candida species such as C. albicans, C. tropicalis, C. dubliniensis, and C. krusei should be verified in further studies additionally.

• 한국동물번식학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국동물번식학회 2001년도 춘계학술발표대회
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• pp.19-19
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• 2001

Mammalian urothelium undergoes unique membrane specialization by making the asymmetric unit membrane (AUM) that is covered with the apical cell surface during terminal differentiation. The AUM contains several major integral membrane proteins including uroplakin Ia, Ib, II and III. The genes for uroplakins have been cloned from humans and mice, but not from porcine. In this study, we report the cloning of the UPII genomic DNA, which codes for the full length open reading frame for the uroplakin II protein. The deduced amino acid sequence encodes of a hydrophobic NH$_2$-terminal peptide, a prosequence, and a mature protein. The prosequence contains three potential N-glycosylation sites and a RGRR cleavage site that may be involved in uroplakin II processing and maturation. Northern and immunohistochemistry analyses showed that the porcine UPII gene is only expressed in urothelium and that the protein was specifically localized in urothelial superficial cells. A 2kb of upstream in the promoter sequence contains multiple transcription factor binding sites, including GC-box, SPI, AP2, and GATA-box sites, but not for TATA or CAAT-box sequences. Comparison of the porcine UPII promoter sequence with that of the murine by MEME system presented two conserved motifs, suggesting a cis-acting regulatory role for the conserved sequences. Sequence homology between two species in motif A and B was 79% and 80% respectively, although their relative locations were different. During the gestation, mouse bladder at estrus stages and day 10 after parturition showed higher UPII expression, while showed lower expression at peri-implantation stage. Taken together, our results showed that the porcine UPII gene was expressed highly and specifically in the bladder urothelium and that steroid hormones for implantation changed the expression of UPII in the bladder, although the biological significance of UPII remains to be not determined.