• 아동학회지
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.157-169
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• 2014

This study sought to explore the types of predictable pattern books are suitable for reading aloud, the differences between English and translated Korean picture books in terms of their characteristics of speakability and the meaning of sentences. This study investigated a total of 112 picture books. The predictable pattern types were analyzed specifically, compared with onomatopoeia, mimetic words, repetition, rhyme, the shift of sentence and style types. The results indicated that predictable pattern books could be classified into eight types and the number of sentences in translated books increased owing to the difference of sentence structure. In terms of speakability, words in repetition, onomatopoeia and mimetic words represented higher frequency except rhyme because of the difference of characteristics of the two languages. Furthermore, translations used strategies of the shift in sentence and style types for speakability. These findings demonstrate that predictable pattern books can serve as good materials to read aloud for young children not only in terms of English picture books but also translated books regardless of concerns regarding their speakability.

• 음성과학
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.23-36
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• 2004

Many languages show reverse durational variation between preceding vowel and following voiced/voiceless (lax/tense) consonants. This study investigated the likely effects of phoneme type (tense vs. lax) on the timing structure (duration of syllable, word, phrase and sentence) of Korean. Three rates of speech (fast, normal, slow) applied to stimuli with the target word /a-Ca/ where /C/ is one of /p, p', $p^h$/. The type (tense/lax) of /C/ caused marked inverse durational variations in the two syllables /a/ and /Ca/ and highly different durational ratios between them. Words with /p', $p^h$/ were significantly longer than that with /p/, which contrasts with many other languages where such pairs of words have a similar duration. The differentials between words remained up to the phrase and sentence level, but in general the higher linguistic units did not statistically differ within each level. Thus, the phrase is suggested as a compensatory unit of phoneme type effects in Korean. Different rates did not affect the general tendency. Distribution of time variations (from normal to fast and slow) to each syllable (/a/ and /Ca/) was also observed.

• 한국언어정보학회지:언어와정보
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.69-92
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• 2000

It is well-known that default rules require a nonmonotonic logic. Veltman proposed one dynamic theory which interprets default rules in such a way that correct inferences can be made at each information state. But his theory has some problems. First, this theory excludes the possibility that a default rule can be true of false. Second, his representation of an information state makes it difficult to interpret a default rule embedded in another sentence. Third, the notion of a frame which is introduced in the interpretation of a default rule and the adjustment of inferential expectation has a more complex structure than is necessary, In this paper, I propose a truth-conditional theory of default rules in which the meaning of a default rule is defined as a truth-condition in a possible world and which assumes a simpler structure of a frame. This makes it possible to interpret a default rule embedded in a sentence. A dynamic theory for default rules is also proposed for correct inferences based on default rules.

• 아동학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.39-53
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• 2007

This study investigated the relationship between young children's comprehension and story making(narrative) by age and gender. Subjects were 109 3-, 4-, and 5-year-olds at two child care centers in K Province. Data were analyzed by two-way ANOVA and simple regression analysis. Results showed differences in comprehension between 3-, 4- and 5-year old children and differences in story making ability between 3- and 5-year-old children. Children's comprehension and story making had positive relationships. Specifically, there were significant relationships with children's comprehension and story construct concept, sentence structure level, language(vocabulary and sentence structure). In sum, the results of this study reveal that young children's comprehension ability is partially related to story making ability by age.

• 음성과학
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.89-105
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• 2006

This study examines the phonetic realizations of English word stress to identify the influence of experiment method on experiment results. Stimuli uttered by native and Korean ESL beginners in authentic conversations are extracted to be shuffled according to their positions in utterances and information structure. Results indicate that the acoustic characteristics of English word stress are realized depending on its position in utterances. The native speakers correlate the stressed syllables in shorter duration with higher pitch and stronger intensity at sentence-final positions unlike the previous experiments and the traditional definition that stressed syllables are uttered in longer duration with higher pitch and stronger intensity; at sentence-medial positions, the native speakers correlate the stressed syllables in longer duration with higher pitch and no regularity in intensity or in shorter duration with lower pitch and intensity depending on their conversational intention. Korean ESL beginners correlate the stressed syllables in shorter duration regardless of positions in sentences with no regularity in pitch and intensity. This study, thus, shows that a different experiment method may result in different results on the phonetic realizations of English word stress.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제16권12호
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• pp.2607-2613
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• 2012

지식 기반의 포괄적 문서요약은 문장집합의 구성이 요약 결과에 영향을 받는다. 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위해서 본 논문은 의미특징에 의한 군집과 문장군집의 응집도를 이용하여 포괄적 문서요약을 하는 새로운 방법을 제안한다. 제안 방법은 비음수행렬분해에서 유도되는 의미특징을 이용하여 문장을 군집하고, 문서의 내부구조를 잘 표현하는 문장군집들로 문서의 주제 그룹을 분류할 수 있다. 또한 문장군집의 응집도와 재군집에 의한 군집의 정재를 이용하여 중요한 문장을 추출함으로써 요약의 질을 향상시킬 수 있다. 실험결과 제안방법은 다른 포괄적 문서요약 방법에 비하여 좋은 성능을 보인다.

• 대한전자공학회논문지
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• 제25권12호
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• pp.1639-1648
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• 1988

This paper deals with an analyzing method of the Korean syntax to implement a natural language understanding system. A matrix of the syntactic structure is derived by the structural features of the Korean language. The modificatoty and conceptual structures are extracted from the matrix and the predicate logic form is expressed by extracting the phrase, clause and conceptual structure in the analyzing process. This logic form constructs an knowledge base of the sentence and proposes the possibility of the inference.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제13권9호
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• pp.1263-1271
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• 2010

시맨틱 웹 구현의 중요한 수단인 온톨로지는 검색, 추론, 지식표현 등 다양한 분야에서 사용되고 있다. 그러나 잘 구성된 온톨로지를 개발하는 것은 시간적, 물질적으로 많은 자원이 소모된다. 이러한 문제를 극복하기 위해 온톨로지를 자동으로 구축하는 시도가 있었다. 본 연구에서는 자연어 문장으로부터 직접 온톨로지를 자동적으로 생성하기 위해 형태소와 문장의 구조를 분석하고 자연어 문장의 서술어를 찾아 해당 온톨로지 서술어로 변환되게 하기 위하여 '서술어 온톨로지(predicate ontology)'를 두어서 분석된 자연어 문장의 서술어가 적절한 온톨로지 서술어로 변환될 수 있도록 한다. 인간 온톨로지 구축가와 제안한 방법을 비교한 실험 결과 정확도에서 나은 결과를 보였다.

• 한국정보과학회논문지:소프트웨어및응용
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• 제30권7_8호
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• pp.681-686
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• 2003

본 논문은 단락의 자동 구분을 통해 중요한 문장을 추출하는 요약 시스템을 제안한다. 먼저 어휘의 재출현 여부를 파악하여 어휘의 일치도와 어휘의 역할 변화와 같은 재출현 어휘의 양상 정보를 수집하고, 이를 통하여 문장 간의 긴밀도를 정량적으로 계산한다. 다음으로 측정된 문장간 긴밀도를 이용하여 사용자의 추출 범위에 따라 단락을 구분하고, 각 단락의 대표 문장을 선정하여 최종 요약문을 추출한다. 제안한 방법은 문서 제목, 문장의 위치, 수사 구조 등의 정보를 이용하지 않기 때문에 수사 구조가 자주 발견되지 않는 문서에도 적용이 가능하다.

• 한국정보과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보과학회 2008년도 한국컴퓨터종합학술대회논문집 Vol.35 No.1 (C)
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• pp.242-247
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• 2008

본 논문은 하위범주화에 의한 한국어 파싱의 설계를 논의한다. 우선, 기계 번역에 중요한 영향을 끼치는 한국어 문법구성 요소인 통사 범주, 조사, 어미, 통사적 접사, 의존 명사 등을 논의하고 하위 범주화와 표현 패턴을 논의한다. 다음에 간단한 한국어 파서의 기본 골격을 제시한다. 첫 번째 과정은 입력 단계로서 문장을 스캐닝(scanning) 하고 관사, 명사, 수사, 통사적 접사, 조사, 의존 명사, 어미활용, 형용사, 부사, 조동사 들을 처리한다. 두 번째 과정에서는 하위범주화 패턴과 표현 패턴을 처리한다. 세 번째 단계에서는 절을 처리하고, 네 번째 단계에서는 SEA(Sentence Ending+Auxiliary)를 처리한다.