• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제38권5호
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• pp.602-608
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• 2011

Purpose: Nasal bone fracture is the most common type of facial bone fracture and most of nasal bone fracture is combined with septal fracture frequently. Nasal septum is important to support the distal nose and to maintain the nasal airway. But nasal septal fractures are usually unrecognized and untreated at the time of operation. Recently, various materials were using for nasal packing after closed reduction, however these materials are not focused on the correction of nasal bone and nasal septal fracture and many patients are suffered from nasal packing materials. Thus, the purpose of this study is to compare routine packing materials and rolled silastic sheet with respect to postoperative effect of correction of nasal bone fracture and discomfort of nasal packing materials. Methods: We examined 320 patients treated nasal bone fracture from January 2008 to December 2010. For Group I (n=92), $Merocel^{(R)}$ was used for nasal packing, for Group II (n=152) vaseline gauze was used, and Rolled silastic sheet (RSS) with vaseline gauze packing (VGP) was used for Group III (n=76). Under the general anesthesia, all patients were operated by closed reduction and nasal packing was done using three kinds of packing materials. At the time of postoperative 7 days, packing material was removed and studied for pt's satisfaction and postop. complications. Results: In patients with RSS with VGP, the complaints (nasal obstruction, foreign compressive sensation and discomfort during food ingestion) of keeping the nasal packing were decreased ($p$ <0.05) and the postoperative complication (deviation) were decreased comparing to vaseline gauze packing and $Merocel^{(R)}$ packing, however, these differences were not statistically significant ($p$ >0.05). Conclusion: Postoperative nasal packing with RSS with VGP was more comfortable to the patients and it was more effective method to correct the nasal bone fracture and nasal septal fracture.

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.48-58
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• 1995

This study was performed to find out the exposure level of mixed organic solvents, excretion of urinary hippuricacid and subjective symptoms according to the exposure of organic solvents of female workers who works on 5 shoes manufacturing industries in Taejon City from 24, september to 20, october 1993. The studied groups were divided into 3 groups that were consist of direct exposure group(48 workers), indirect exposure group(49 workers) and non-exposure group(68 workers) to the organic solvents. The exposure levels of toluene of direct exposure group which $89.86{\pm}56.20ppm$ had higher than that of indirect exposure group which had $40.23{\pm}47.21ppm$. In the exposure level of mixed organic solvent(R-value), direct exposure group was $2.84{\pm}1.53$ and exceeded approximatly 3 times the R-value. Whereas, indirect exposure group was not exceeded the R-value as $0.80{\pm}0.61$. In the excretion level of urinary hippuric acid, direct exposure group was $1.78{\pm}1.25g/l$, indirect exposure group was $1.22{\pm}0.93g/l$ and non-exposure group was $0.51{\pm}0.18g/l$ respectively. Therefore both direct exposure group and indirect exposure group were significantly higher than non-exposure group(P<0.01). In the correlation between toluene levels and urinary hippuric acid level, the direct exposure group had positive correlation(R=0.8309, P<0.01), also indirect exposure group had positive correlation(R=0.5859, P<0.05) and also in the correlation between the R value of mixed organic solvents and the urinary hippuric acid levels, the direct exposure group had positive correlation(R=0.4492, P<0.05), and indirect exposure group had ositive correlation(R=0.7911, P<0.01). In the complain rates of the worker's subjective symptoms at work, both direct exposure group and indirect exposure group were higher than non-exposure group(P<0.05, P<0.01). But the sujective symptoms of "floating sensation" of direct exposure group had significantly higher than indirect exposure group. In the percent of subjective symptoms complaints during the worker's daily life, both direct exposure group and indirect exposure group had generally more statistical significance than nonexposure group(P<0.01), direct exposure group had not statistical significant difference from indirect exposure group. As the results mentioned above, it has been analysed that the indirect at the adjacent manufaturing process are exposed to the considerable amount of solvent. Therefore, I think that there should be the betterment of surrounding through the complete working environment management to the occurrence source of the organic solvent, the changes of health management system to the indirect-exposed workers, and the systematic management of the special medical examination and the like.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.1732-1741
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• 2006

Obesity is chronic disease which influenced on health severly. The causes of obesity have been known as life change, lack of excercise, genetic factor, mental and social economic factors. Especially the obesity of women increased the risk of the diseases such as DM, osteoarthritis, cardiovascular disease, breast cancer and infertility. The limitations of the widely used negative definition of health as the absence of disease and WHO's 1946 definition of health as total social, psychological and physical well-being have long been recognized (WHO 1958). The Quality of Life (QoL) includes functional ability, the degree and quality of social and community interaction, psychological well-being as somatic sensation and life satisfaction. I investigated to compare the differences between obese women (n=63), non-obese women (n=37) in clinic and general women (n=43, control) on baseline characteristics and WHO QoL-BREF. The purpose of this study is to assist the diagnosis and treatment of obesity. WHO QoL-BREF is self administered type which consisted of 26 questions. The prospective question is calculated with 5 scores by Likert's method. The results are as follows : The means of physical, psychological, social, overall and total scores of QoL were significant among BMI group (P<0.05). The score of control group (BMI < 25) was higher than other groups significantly (P<0.05). In multiple regression analysis, the variable of high school/below middle school was significant in environmental and overall domain of QoL scores (P<0.05). The variable of college/below middle school was significant in environmental, overall domain and total score of QoL scores (P<0.05). The variable of above university/below middle school was significant in physical health, environmental, overall domain and total score in QoL scores (P<0.05). The variable of Health perception (moderate/bad) was positively significant in physical health, environmental, overall domain and total score of QoL scores (P<0.05). The variable of Health perception (good/bed) was positively significant in physical health, environmental, social, overall domain and total score of QoL scores (P<0.05). The variable as BMI non-=obese women/control was negatively significant in social domain of QoL scores (P<0.05). Above the results, It suggests that the variable as BMI did't affect on the QoL in patients and control, but the variables as education and health perception affected on the QoL scores. Further study is required to conduct QoL differences between before and after treatment of obese patients.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.133-140
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• 2014

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of current density on penetration depth, tissue concentration and transdermal transport of methylene blue(MB) by iontophoretic transdermal delivery. METHODS: Twenty-four male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 1 mA($0.11mA/cm^2$), 2 mA($0.22mA/cm^2$), 4 mA($0.44mA/cm^2$), and 8 mA($0.89mA/cm^2$) groups. These rats were exposed to anodic iontophoresis of 1% MB using a direct current for 15 minutes. The penetration depth were measured using light microscopy from cryosections of skin tissue. The tissue concentration and transdermal transport were measured using biochemical analysis from target skin tissues. The data were analyzed with one-way analysis of variance. RESULTS: The significant differences in the penetration depth, tissue concentration and transdermal transport were detected among the groups(p<.001). Post hoc comparisons of the penetration depth, tissue concentration and transdermal transport of he 2 mA, 4 mA, and 8 mA iontophoresis groups were greater than in the 1 mA iontophoresis group(p<.05). There was no significant difference, however, among 2 mA, 4 mA, and 8 mA iontophoresis group. CONCLUSION: There was no difference in the efficiency of iontophoresis from 2 mA($0.22mA/cm^2$) to 8 mA($0.89mA/cm^2$). Higher current density can cause skin injury and discomfort sensation. In general, $0.5mA/cm^2$ is proposed to be the maximum iontophoretic current which should be used on human. The appropriate current amplitude should be selected by considering the safety current density and the depth of the target tissue.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.160-165
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• 2008

묘사분석 기법을 적용하여 시판소주 제품들의 관능적 특성을 정성적 및 정량적으로 평가하였으며, 서울에 거주하는 20대 남녀 224명을 대상으로 소비자 검사를 수행하여 브랜드 노출 효과가 주어졌을 때 소비자 기호도에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 소주의 묘사분석 결과, 향미 및 감각특성 13가지가 개발되었으며, 7가지 시판소주 제품 간의 모든 특성에서 유의적인 차이가 나타났다. 소비자 기호도 평가 결과, 브랜드 비노출 그룹의 경우 시료 간에 유의적 차이가 나타나지 않았으나, 브랜드 노출그룹의 경우에는 유의적 차이가 나타났고, 이들 중 서울지역에서 주로 판매되는 JIC와 DOC의 기호도가 높게 나타났다. 따라서 시판소주의 기호도를 결정하는 요인은 맛에 의한 영향보다 브랜드 효과 등 비관능적 요소의 영향이 큰 것으로 여겨진다.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.59-66
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• 2001

본 연구에서 질전벽슬링술을 시행한 여성 복압성 요실금 환자 42명 중 술후 평균 29.4개월 후 추적 관찰시 92.9%의 성공률과 90.5%의 만족률을 보였으며, 수술에 따른 심각한 부작용은 없었다. 높은 치료성적, 비교적 간편한 술기, 해부학적 요실금과 내인성 요도괄약근 기능부전 모두에 적용할 수 있다는 장점이 있어 질전벽슬링수술은 여성 복압성 요실금의 수술치료에 효과적이고 유용한 방법으로 생각된다.

• 철학연구
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• 제126권
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• pp.191-212
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• 2013

이 논문은 기존 욕망의 경제학이 남근 질서에 대한 예속성에서 벗어나있지 못함으로써 리비도 흐름들의 절단과 국소화 작업에 치우쳐 왔음을 비판하며 시작한다. 라캉의 욕망 개념이 결핍과 거세에 한정되어왔기에 리비도 흐름들의 산발성과 표류, 탈주의 가능성과 더불어, 잉여와 과잉이라는 초과성 개념을 제대로 담아내지 못하고 있다. 이러한 거세의 법에 포박된 욕망 개념을 넘어서는 생성과 생산으로서의 욕망 개념인 들뢰즈와 가타리의 논의에서 보다 나아가 homo surplus 잉여적 인간 개념을 창출해 보려 하였다. 미리 주어진 규준틀 자체를 넘어서 버리는 과잉성과 비 측량성으로서의 잉여 개념이 어떻게 남근 질서로부터의 분리와 해체를 가능케 하는지에 주목한다. 그리고 기관 쾌락이라는 제 2세대 재생산을 위한 국소적이며 합목적적, 기능주의적 쾌락 개념의 한계를 날카로이 드러내며, 쥬이상스(jouissance)라는 비남근적 향유가 감각 다발의 재배치라는 급진적 성적 실천으로 이어질 수 있는가를 면밀히 분석해 나갈 것이다.

• 철학연구
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• 제130권
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• pp.23-45
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• 2014

M. 셸러는 지각론에서도 생명철학을 하고 있다. 그래서 기존 지각론과는 상이한 충박조건 지각론을 전개한다. 그에 따르면 감각지각을 할 때도 활력적 충박에 의해서 일구진 토대 위에서 할 수 있는 것이지, I. 칸트나 E. 마흐의 생각처럼 감각기관이 수용한 감각소여를 지각 주체가 자발적으로 구성하면서 감각지각 하는 것이 아니다. 감각은 일차적이지 않고, 선사랑, 선관심이라 할 수 있는 초의식적 활력 충박에 뒤따른다. 그리고 감각지각은 활력적 충박의 힘없이 생겨날 수 없기 때문에, 어떤 대상에 반응하고 그럼으로써 저항하는 충박을 발동하지 않으면 우리는 그 대상을 지각할 수 없다. 셸러는 환영의 상이 지각에 선행하여 존재하며, 지각이 감각의 기능들에 관계해서 먼저 일어나며, 그리고 감각 기능들이 감각들에 관계해서 먼저 일어난다고 말한다. 이런 지각의 토대질서를 주목하게 될 때, 그리고 생명의 본질이 선경험적이고, 순수한 생성과 소멸이며, 그리고 생성과 소멸의 경험적 측면이 아직 분리되지 않는 하나의 과정임을 주목하게 될 때, 지각이 활력적 충박에 의해서 조건 지워져 있음을 쉽게 알 수 있다. 셸러의 충박을 조건으로 하는 지각설은 또한 동물들의 운동성이 그들의 감각적 장치를 결정한다는 사실에 의해서도 지지된다. 동물들은 그들의 충박 운동적 행동에 유의미한, 유혹하고 주목시키는 대상들의 기호로서 기여할 수 있는 감각체계를 가지고 있다. 그래서 이를테면 도마뱀은 강렬하게 나는 총소리에 방해받지 않고 머물러 있지만, 풀 섶에서 나는 바스락거리는 소리에는 민감하게 반응한다.

• 대한한방부인과학회지
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.132-143
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• 2019

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to provide basic information on Korean medical research and treatment through analysis of breast cancer patients, who visited ${\bigcirc}{\bigcirc}$ university Korean medicine hospital. Methods: To analyze characteristics of breast cancer patients who visited korean medicine hospital, we searched medical records from January 1, 2016 to May 13, 2019, and 86 breast cancer patients were analyzed. Results: 1. The general characteristics of the subjects are as follows. The average age was $47.65{\pm}9.62years$ and 40's was the most (46.51%). The average height was $159.78{\pm}4.91cm$ and the average weight was $57.29{\pm}9.34kg$. The average body mass index (BMI) of the patients was $22.40{\pm}3.50kg/m^2$. 2. The stage distribution record indicated stage０ (9.72%), stageI (31.94%), stageII (34.72%), stageIII (20.83%) and stageIV (2.78%). 14 patients with unknown stage were excluded. 3. Before coming to the korean medicine hospital, of the 86 patients, 72 (83.72%) patients received surgical therapy, 55 (63.95%) patients received chemotherapy and 44 (51.16%) patients received radiotherapy. 11 (12.79%) patients chose oriental medicine as their primary treatment option. 4. The mean duration from diagnosis to hospital visit was $13.87{\pm}15.53months$. Among the total 86 patients, 46 (53.49%) patients visited for symptom relief during the follow-up period. 5. The most common symptom was general weakness in 29 (33.72%) patients, followed by hot flash, myalgia, insomnia, digestion disorder, numbness, edema, arthralgia, operation site pain, cold sensation and mastalgia. 6. Among 86 patients, 55 (63.95%) patients received acupuncture and moxibustion together. The most prescribed herbal medicine to subjects was Sibjeondaebo-tang-gamibang and Cheonhye-dan (25%). Conclusions: These results could be helpful to provide basic data on the Korean medical approach of breast cancer patients.

• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.76-86
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• 2014

Objective : This study was performed to find out the differential points of the pattern identification for Acne vulgaris and suggest them to the clinic setting Methods : We searched the papers that suggest patterns identification for Acne vulgaris through China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI), Oriental Medicine Advanced Searching Integrated System(OASIS), Korean Traditional Knowledge Portal(KTKP), Korean Studies Information Service System(KISS). We looked through all the papers, excluded unintended papers, and finally chose some papers that are suitable for inclusion. Then, We extracted all the patterns of Acne vulgaris and chose frequently suggested patterns. Finally we extracted symptoms from selected patterns and arranged them in order of frequency. Results and Conclusions : 1. We found 215 papers and chose 17 papers (Korean : 6, Chinese : 11). 2. We extracted total 67 demonstrations and chose Patterns of Wind-Heat, Damp-Heat, Phlegm and Static blood, Disharmony of the Thoroughfare and Controlling vessels. 3. In Acne vulgaris, the pattern of Wind-Heat tends to have a red papule, sometimes pustule, pain with itching, burning sensation, tidal reddening of the cheeks, white head or black head. The pattern of Damp-Heat tends to have a pustule, node, redness and swelling, pain and greasy skin. The pattern of Phlegm and Static blood has a tendency to be a nodule or cystoma that is hard, dark, painful, long lasting and hard to recover and easy to recur with a scar, pimple, pigmentation. The pattern of Disharmony of the Thoroughfare and Controlling vessels tends to be exacerbated before menstruation, have a small papule that is not easily treated under the chin or around the mouth.