• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.995-1008
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• 2009

This study investigated the causal relationships among the elderly, looking at social participation, depression, self-reported health, and life satisfaction. It was especially focused on the mediating effects of depression and self-reported health on the relationship between social participation and life satisfaction. From the 2006 Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging, data for 4,155 elderly over age 65 was analyzed with structural equations modeling with Amos 7.0 and sobel test. Major findings were as follows. First, social participation of the elderly has a negative influence on depression and a positive influence on self-reported health and life satisfaction. Second, self-reported health has a partial mediating effect on the relationship between social participation and life satisfaction. Third, the direct effect of depression on life satisfaction was not statistically significant, while the direct effect of social participation was significant. Therefore, depression was not proved as a significant mediator. This study tested the effects of social participation on depression, self-reported health, and life satisfaction empirically and confirmed the partial mediating model, in which social participation improves the elderly's self-reported health, which in turn improves the elderly's life satisfaction. These results suggest the importance of an integrated approach for the healthy and successful aging and the diverse types of social participation in an elderly person's quality of life.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.56-64
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• 2017

Systemic health conditions increase with advancing age, and may be linked to poor self-reported oral health. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between systemic health conditions and poor self-reported oral health among Korean elderly. The study used a nationally representative sample of Koreans (2012 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey) aged 65~98 years (n=1,595). Systemic health conditions in this population were assessed by the presence of one or more of the following conditions: obesity, hypertension, diabetes, and hypercholesterolemia. The relative risk of poor self-reported oral health according to the occurrence of systemic health conditions was estimated by multivariate logistic regression after controlling for several potential confounders (i.e., socio-demographic factors, oral health behaviors, health behaviors, and psychological factors). After adjustment for these confounders, the relative risk of having poor self-reported oral health was greater among the elderly with one or more systemic health conditions than in those without a systemic health condition. The odds ratio of having poor self-reported oral health according to the occurrence of systemic health conditions was 1.51 (95% confidence interval, 1.08~2.12). Among the Korean elderly, perception of poor oral health was associated with the presence of one or more systemic health conditions. Future studies are needed to examine the detailed causal relation between systemic health conditions and poor oral health longitudinally.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.609-619
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• 2001

This cross-sectional study is to measure the distribution of self-reported health by income, house type, level of education, income satisfaction and self reported social class in an effort to compare the level of health inequality in Korea. The data used in the research are the Social Statistics Survey undertaken in 1999. The correlation coefficient was used to measure the association between inequalities in health and inequalities in socioeconomic status. The correlation coefficient was the most significant between self-reported health and the level of education and income satisfaction. As for the health-related behavior, hypertension, smoking, overweight and drinking were shown to be highly correlated with self-reported health.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.491-499
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• 2020

Background: Assembly lines work is frequently associated to work-related upper limb musculoskeletal disorders. The related disability and absenteeism make it important to implement efficient health surveillance systems. The main objective of this study was to identify self-reported variables that can determine work-related upper limb musculoskeletal symptoms-discomfort/pain-during a 6-month follow-up. Methods: This was a prospective study with a 6-month follow-up period, performed in an assembly line. Upper limb musculoskeletal discomfort/pain was assessed through the presence of self-reported symptoms. Uni- and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to evaluate which self-reported variables were associated to upper limb symptoms after 6 months at the present and to upper limbs symptoms in the past month. Results: Of the 200 workers at baseline, 145 replied to the survey after 6 months. For both outcomes, "having upper limb symptoms during the previous 6 months" and "education" were possible predictors. Conclusion: Our results suggest that having previous upper limb symptoms was related to its maintenance after 6 months, sustaining it as a specific determinant. It can be a hypothesis that this population had mainly workers with chronic symptoms, although our results give only limited support to self-reported indicators as determinants for upper limb symptoms. Nevertheless, the development of an efficient health surveillance system for high demanding jobs should implicate self-reported indicators, but also clinical and work conditions assessment should be accounted on the future.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.52 no.6
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• pp.377-383
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• 2019

Objectives: Self-reported disease history is often used in epidemiological studies. In this study, we acquired the hospital records of subjects who self-reported stroke or myocardial infarction (MI) and evaluated the validity of the participants' self-reported disease history. We also determined the level of agreement between specialists and non-specialists. Methods: Among the participants in the Health Examinees study, 1488 subjects self-reported stroke or MI during 2012-2017, and medical records were acquired for the 429 subjects (28.8%) who agreed to share their medical information. Each record was independently assigned to 2 medical doctors for review. The records were classified as 'definite,' 'possible,' or 'not' stroke or MI. If the doctors did not agree, a third doctor made the final decision. The positive predictive value (PPV) of self-reporting was calculated with the doctors' review as the gold standard. Kappa statistics were used to compare the results between general doctors and neurologists or cardiologists. Results: Medical records from 208 patients with self-reported stroke and 221 patients with self-reported MI were reviewed. The PPV of self-reported disease history was 51.4% for stroke and 32.6% for MI. If cases classified as 'possible' were counted as positive diagnoses, the PPV was 59.1% for stroke and 33.5% for MI. Kappa statistics showed moderate levels of agreement between specialists and nonspecialists for both stroke and MI. Conclusions: The validity of self-reported disease was lower than expected, especially in those who reported having been diagnosed with MI. Proper consideration is needed when using these self-reported data in further studies.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.216-226
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• 2022

Background: The amount of smoking in adolescence increases with a younger age of smoking initiation and affects physical health. To establish and evaluate smoking-related policies, it is important to determine actual smoking status. Validation of self-reported questionnaires can identify the accuracy of the questionnaire data reflecting smoking status. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the validity of self-reported smoking status and identify factors affecting the accuracy of self-reported smoking in South Korean adolescents. Methods: This study investigated the consistency between cotinine concentrations and self-reported questionnaire data through the analysis of urine samples collected from 922 adolescents aged 13~18 among the participants of Cycle 3 of the Korean National Environmental Health Survey. Smoking status was classified using the cotinine cut-off point of 39.85 ㎍/L in adolescents, and factors affecting the accuracy were analyzed through multiple logistic regression analysis. Results: The smoking rates according to the self-reported questionnaire and cut-off point-based cotinine concentrations among adolescents were 3.1% and 5.1%, respectively. The results found 97.1% consistency between self-reported smokers and smokers according to cotinine concentration. Factors affecting the discrepancy showed a significant relationship, including gender, secondhand smoke, and use of e-cigarettes. Conclusions: The results can be used as basic data to establish a smoking policy for adolescents through continuous monitoring and improvement of questionnaire items of factors affecting the discrepancy.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.671-677
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• 2015

Objectives: The purpose of the study was to examine the influencing factors of self-reported dry mouth in the employees in social welfare facilities. Methods: A self-reported questionnaire was completed by 260 employees in social welfare facilities from January 5 to 30, 2015 by convenience sampling method. Except 25 incomplete answers, 215 data were analyzed by t test, one way ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient analysis, and multiple linear regression analysis using SPSS 180. program. The questionnaire consisted of general characteristics of the subjects, health-related characteristics, whole body dryness and self-reported dry mouth. The oral health-related quality of life was measured by five point Likert scale, and a higher score indicated a lower quality of life. Results: The self-reported dry mouth in the employees in the social welfare facilities varied by the general health status, stress, oral health status and oral malodor. The self-reported dry mouth was closely related to the quality of life and the four subfactors including dryness of skin, eye, lip and nasal mucosa. The quality of life had the influence on the self-reported dry mouth, nasal mucosa dryness, eye dryness, and oral malodor in order. Conclusions: The self-reported dry mouth was closely related to whole body dryness and the quality of life. It is necessary to develop the quality of life improvement programs that prevent and manage the dry mouth and whole body dryness in the employees in the social welfare facilities.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.237-249
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• 1997

This study was conducted to investigate and to compare the health status of urban and rural elderly in Korea using the following factors: 1) the number of self-reported health problems 2) a self-rating score for health status 3) the number of diagnosed diseases 4) ADL, social health status by IADL and the psychological health status by Life Satisfaction scale developed by Wood and others. The study subjects were the elderly who lived in Pusan(N=150) as an urban area and Kyeungnam(N=300) province as a rural area. The study subjects were sampled at random and the data were collected by trained interviewers from Feb. 1 to Feb. 14, 1995. the data was analyzed in SPSS. The results can be summarized as follows : 1. According to the sociodemographic characteristics of the subjects, the urban elderly group was significantly higher in extended family groups and in practicing regular execise than the rural elderly: and the rural elderly group was higher in having spouses and occupations than the urban group. 2. Concerning health status, the numbers of self-reported health problems(eye problems, back pains, headaches, dental problems, arthritis) and number of diagnosed diseases(hypertension, heart problems, diabetes mellitus, neuralgia, arthritis) were significantly were higher higher in rural areas: the self - rating scores for health status and life satisfaction were higher urban areas. ADL and IADL were similar in both the rural and urban elderly. 3. The correlations were the following: Self-reported health problems and self-rating for health status were significantly correlated negatively(r=-.039, p=.000), but self-reported health problems and the number of diagnosed diseases were significantly positively correlated(r=0. 30, p=.000). IADL and health problems were negatively correlated(r=-0.16, p=.000), but IADL and ADL were significantly positively correlated (r=0.49, p=.000). Life satisfaction and self-rating scores for health status were significantly positively correlated(r=0.26, p=.000).

• International Journal of Clinical Preventive Dentistry
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.256-263
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• 2018

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the factors associated with masticatory performance, as measured with a chewing gum containing spherical resinous microparticles, and to evaluate the method by examining the relationship with self-reported masticatory status. Methods: The participants in this study comprised 903 industrial workers (mean age, $42.2{\pm}11.6years$). A questionnaire was administered to assess self-reported masticatory status. The masticatory performance score was calculated by counting the number of particles in the chewing gum. Clinical oral examinations were administered. Multiple linear regression analysis was conducted on the masticatory performance scores to examine the related factors. Analysis of covariance was conducted to investigate the association between the masticatory performance score and the self-reported masticatory status. Results: Significant predictors of the masticatory performance score were sex (p<0.001), age (p<0.001), decayed teeth (p=0.009), total-functional tooth units (p<0.001), periodontitis (p=0.003), and malocclusion (p=0.011). The relationship between the masticatory performance score and the self-reported masticatory status was attenuated after controlling for confounding factors. Conclusion: The masticatory performance increased with age and decreased as the oral health status worsened. Using this chewing gum method partly, but not comprehensively, reflects masticatory performance. Therefore, various masticatory performance-related indexes should be employed to measure masticatory performance accurately.

• Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.136-143
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• 1997

The purpose of this study was to analyze relationship between the role conflict and self-reported climacteric symptoms in the middle-aged industrial female workers. The data were collected by self-reported questionnaire from Nov. 1 to Nov. 30, 1996. The subjects were 201 women whose age, between 40 and 59 years. The analysis of data was t-test, ANOVA, $Scheff{\grave{e}}$ test, Pearson correlation coefficient analysis, Stepwise multiple regression analysis. The results were as follows : 1. 54.8% of the respondents had their climacteric symptom in middle life. 2. Age and religion affected significantly self-reported climacteric symptoms(F=4.2, P=.007 ; t=-2.1, P=0.42). 3. A comparison between two groups, with high and low rate of self-reported climacteric symptoms, indicated that for middle-aged industrial female workers when role conflict is high, climacteric symptoms is high(t=7.8, P=.000). 4. The relationship between self-reported climacteric symptoms and role conflict was positively significant(r=.5, P=.000). 5. The role conflict as a spouse affected significantly self-reported climacteric symptoms(F=52.6, P=.000). Role conflict the role as a spouse was explained 21% of self-reported climacteric symptoms. In conclusion, role conflict is the dominant factor in influencing self-reported climacteric symptoms.