• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.3
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• pp.34-45
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• 1997

Aspects of nursing student's clinical experiences are anxiety provoking. High anxiety may contribute to decreased learning. The purpose of this study was to identify the level of anxiety and potentially anxiety-producing clinical experience, the relation between the level of anxiety and their Trait-Anxiety and State-Anxiety. Finally, it is aimed at getting preparing data for guidance of students which can enhance learning effect of students for clinical experience. The samples of this study were 36 junior students(1 semester experience) and 44 senior students (3 semester experience) from Junior College of Nursing in Seoul on September 1996. The tools of this study were two kinds ; questionare of Spielberg' STAI measuring State and Trait-Anxiety, and author's for measuring the level of Anxiety producing situations and 10cm visual analogue scale was also used for measuring self stated level of anxiety on clinical setting. The collected data were analyzed by SPSS using percentage, t-test, ANOVA and Pearson correlation coefficient. The results of this study were as follows : 1. The self perception of anxiety level was 4.3/10cm and the level of anxiety in clinical setting situations was 3.5/5. 2. Among 20 questions for perception of anxiety-producing situations in the clinical setting. 'deficit of nursing knowledge' was the highest item(4.18), 'vagueness of role'(4.11), 'lack of nursing skill'(4.00), 'evaluation by faculty'(4.00) 'fear of making mistakes'(3.81) 'initial clinical experience on a unit'(3.76) 'initial application of nursing knowledge'(3.74) in turn. 3. The level of State-anxiety of senior students was higher than junior's (p=0.005)and the level of Trait-Anxiety of insufficient interpersonal relationship and unhealthy students were higher than others (p=0.015) There was no differences according to the student's grade in level of anxiety. 4. Both of self-stated anxiety and situationa anxiety of unhealthy students were high (p=0.007, p=0.000) and the level of self-stated anxiety of unsatisfied students for selection major and clinical experience were high (p=0.050, p=0.009). 5. Self-stated anxiety and situation anxiety (p=0.0000), self-stated- anxiety and Trait-anxiety(p=0.003), situation anxiety and Trait-anxiety(p=0.004), and Trait-anxiety and state-anxiety(p=0.000) of the students were interrelated. By the above conclusion, the nursing students still feel anxiety on clinical experience and on making a mistake due to the lack of their nursing knowledge and skill. And the students are afraid of the faculties' evaluation. In addition, the students who are not healthy and have not sufficiently interpersonal relationship feel more anxiety. But, since there was no difference significantly between each grade, we think it is needed that further study on the same topic in large samples. And, we have to equip the students with much nursing knowledge and philosophy apparently before the students have clinical experience. Finally, the faculty have to reduce the students' anxiety by making a climate of acceptance in clinical setting with good personality.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.8
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• pp.221-230
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• 2017

This study explores the impact of a flipped classroom, in terms of self-efficacy, for elementary pre-service teachers in US teacher education programs. This research project explores how ESL microteaching activity in the flipped classroom shapes teacher-candidates' self-efficacy regarding teaching culturally and linguistically diverse (CLD) students. By analyzing ESL microteaching videos, pre-service teachers' reflection papers, and individual interviews with the course instructors, the study results show how pre-service teachers enhance their self-efficacy in teaching CLD English language learners in mainstream content subject classrooms. Moreover, the researchers provide suggestions on how teacher educators can utilize the flipped classroom to create an authentic and meaningful learning experience, such as using ESL microteaching for pre-service teachers to shape their self-efficacy in order to be well-prepared for CLD English language learners. The implication is that Korean pre-service teachers should be prepared to teach CLD students in their mainstream classrooms.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.45-76
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• 2006

This article compares the psychological and behavioral profiles of adolescents on probation and high school students. A total of 253 adolescents on probation and 257 high school students completed an open-ended questionnaire developed by the present researchers and structured questionnaire that assessed moral disengagement and self-efficacy developed by Bandura (1995), delinquent behavior and academic achievement. Adolescents on probation reported that they engaged in delinquent behavior due to the fault of others and they were angry for being forced to be on probation. They are not likely to take responsibility and morally disengage from their delinquent actions. When compared to high school students, adolescents on probation are likely to report low self-efficacy, low academic grade, and less likely to feel proud of themselves. They are more likely to meet their friends in Internet and video game rooms and less likely to focus on academic achievement. Results of ANCOVA indicate that adolescents on probation have higher scores on moral disengagement, social efficacy, but lower score on efficacy for self-regulated learning. They are more likely to run away from home and have lower academic grade. The results of the discriminant analysis indicate that running away from home, social efficacy and moral disengagement are predictive of adolescents on probation and academic achievement and efficacy for self-regulated learning are predictive of high school students.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.61 no.2
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• pp.312-320
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• 2012

In this study, we introduce a new design methodology of a granular-oriented self-organizing polynomial neural networks (GoSOPNNs) that is based on multi-layer perceptron with Context-based Polynomial Neurons (CPNs) or Polynomial Neurons (PNs). In contrast to the typical architectures encountered in polynomial neural networks (PNN), our main objective is to develop a methodological design strategy of GoSOPNNs as follows : (a) The 1st layer of the proposed network consists of Context-based Polynomial Neuron (CPN). In here, CPN is fully reflective of the structure encountered in numeric data which are granulated with the aid of Context-based Fuzzy C-Means (C-FCM) clustering method. The context-based clustering supporting the design of information granules is completed in the space of the input data while the build of the clusters is guided by a collection of some predefined fuzzy sets (so-called contexts) defined in the output space. (b) The proposed design procedure being applied at each layer of GoSOPNN leads to the selection of preferred nodes of the network (CPNs or PNs) whose local characteristics (such as the number of contexts, the number of clusters, a collection of the specific subset of input variables, and the order of the polynomial) can be easily adjusted. These options contribute to the flexibility as well as simplicity and compactness of the resulting architecture of the network. For the evaluation of performance of the proposed GoSOPNN network, we describe a detailed characteristic of the proposed model using a well-known learning machine data(Automobile Miles Per Gallon Data, Boston Housing Data, Medical Image System Data).

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.117-124
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• 2012

Objective: The goal of this study is to design a creative tutoring service, which helps children gain confidence and creativity through learning activities. Background: Nowadays most kids are growing up in a very competitive environment under their parents' zeal for education. A stressful environment can deter a child from the confident undertaking of challenges, leading to depression, anxiety, and feelings of inadequacy. Art therapy helps children work through these issues, however the process led by instructors or parents, and kids still feel anxious studying adults' face to read their thought. Method: To help children address challenges, a creative tutoring service application can provide images with certain tasks instead of asking them to fill in blank areas. The tasks asked by the service system are 1) to visualize children's own experience utilizing visually associated images from given images and 2) to create an illustrated story modifying and re-composing given images. Another task is to learn basic math and words with numbers and alphabets in customized colors. By completing each task children collect awards, which allow them graduate to higher levels of challenges. The outcomes from the tasks are sent to the main server system and reviewed by analysts. Those results are sent to children's parents as a text message on smart phone. Results: Visual implication using images inspires children to make creative stories based on their own experience. Also, children can find their own patterns of reaching answers by using synaesthetic imagery through repetitive practices of creative thinking tasks. Conclusion: Understanding how they feel about doing tasks in certain environments and assessing them in varied situations should be carefully considered when designers approach service design for kids. By focusing on how to tutor children in creative ways, as opposed to focusing on the expected outcome, creative service applications can be designed to reduce children's stress and encourage self expression. Children are predicted to gain confidence through using the service without the concern of comparison by others. Application: The creative tutoring service needs to be developed and tested by varying types of children.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.11 no.12
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• pp.589-598
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• 2013

The research about nursing students' experience on the clinical environment observation is essential to developed effective strategy for clinical education and to improve quality for clinical practice of nursing education. This study is aimed to above goal by the report about nursing students' experience on emergency room environmental observation. The number of participants is 30 nursing students who are senior in the practicing at emergence room. Data analysis was centered on scrutinizing the contents of the participants' replies in order to deduce any relevant meaning. Also, data were analyzed by the meaning of learning based on self-examination through the practical learning. The positive and negative topics stated. Nursing students' experience on emergency room observation will supply the thinking about their own self-portrait in near future, and will give self reflection about correct nursing interventions to nursing students.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.353-362
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of character strength and self-efficacy on subjective happiness of adult learners of distance nursing education. The subjects were 261 adult learners of Bachelor Science in nursing course for Registered Nurse of a national open university. The mean score of subjective happiness of subjects was a little lower. 'Transcendence and Humanity' among Character Strength was the highest and 'Justice' was the lowest. Multiple regressions showed that positive integrity, hardiness, and perceived health status explained 38.0% of subjective happiness and positive integrity was the main influencing factor. The learning supporting strategies focusing on reinforcing these factors are needed to improve the subjective happiness of nurses who are continuing their learning through distance education.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.25 no.8
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• pp.739-747
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• 2004

This study was to promote meaning ways of leaning and observe the influence of concept maps on middle school students' conceptual formation with regards to the topic of the 'sea water'. Concept map is one way to examine a leaner's conceptual formation process. The subjects of this study consisted of four classes within the first grade students of a Busan middle school, which were divided into two groups: the experimental group which applied concept map teaching and the ordinary teaching group. This study was carried out before and after class, examining the science leaning achievement, self-directed leaning characteristics, and awareness change on the concept maps. The result of this study was as follows: First, the leaning achievement of middle school students was positively affected by the use of concept maps. Second, the teaching method with concept map was more effective self-directed leaning characteristics compared to the ordinary one. Third, concept map teaching was a positive reaction to conceptual formation.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.25 no.8
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• pp.708-718
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• 2004

On the basis of Sternberg's theory of mental self-government, this examined the difference in thinking style between gifted science students and non-gifted students, and their earth science concepts by the different types of thinking styles. The subjects were consisted of 120 students from the Busan Science Academy and 122 students from two general high schools in Busan, Korea. All participants responded to the Thinking Styles Inventory which is a self-report test consisting of 65 items, and essay questions for examining the students' earth science concepts. The results are as follows. First, the gifted science students prefer legislative, judical, anarchic, global, and liberal styles, where non-gifted students prefer executive, oligarchic, and conservative styles. Second, Type I thinking style group prove to have more complex concepts in relation to the geological and astronomical areas than those of the Type II thinking style group in both of the gifted and non-gifted students. This indicates that Type I thinking style students use a deep learning approach where Type II thinking style students use a surface learning approach.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.327-344
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• 2000

The purpose of this survey study is to guide the direction of the RN-BSN program in Korea by analyzing (1) the philosophy and objectives (2) curriculum (3) and appraisal method, achievement test and self-directed learning. In this study, subjects consisted of 20 department of nursing in University and 20 RN-BSN programs in Korea. The Survey was conducted from September 1999 through May 2000 by mail and FAX. 1) Educational philosophy and objectives of 5 RN-BSN programs have curricular based philosophy. Most popular philosophies were revealed that nursing is oriented role function, human relation, and integrated application. 9 RN-BSN programs have curricular based objectives. There are including of knowledge, applying the new technology, under-standing of human being family community, application of nursing process, leadership, nursing ethics, and participation in research. 2) In RN-BSN programs, total mean credits through general college courses for earning the degree of BSN is 21.5 and total mean credits through the nursing area for earning the degree of BSN is 71.4. In RN-BSN programs, total mean credits through clinical practice for earning the degree of BSN is 5.94. 25.00 of mean credits was earned through achievement test(6.00~37.00). Therefore, this research suggests some recommendation for the development of curriculum of RN-BSN program that was required to do some alterations. And the various and other methods of earning credit should be developed. That is, the students will earn credits, accredited examination of University, advanced placement examination, case study, self-report, self-directed learning and achievement tests, portfolio review session and so on. And the RN-BSN courses are delivered to many areas by teleconferencing system, computer network(EdNet or Internet etc), CD-ROM Title, VOD (video on demand) and other methods.