• Computers and Concrete
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.401-409
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• 2020

Artificial neural networks are used as a useful tool in distinct fields of civil engineering these days. In order to control long-term quality of Self-Compacting Semi-Lightweight Concrete (SCSLC), the 90 days compressive strength is considered as a key issue in this paper. In fact, combined artificial neural networks are used to predict the compressive strength of SCSLC at 28 and 90 days. These networks are able to re-establish non-linear and complex relationships straightforwardly. In this study, two types of neural networks, including Radial Basis and Multilayer Perceptron, were used. Four groups of concrete mix designs also were made with two water to cement ratios (W/C) of 0.35 and 0.4, as well as 10% of cement weight was replaced with silica fume in half of the mixes, and different amounts of superplasticizer were used. With the help of rheology test and compressive strength results at 7 and 14 days as inputs, the neural networks were used to estimate the 28 and 90 days compressive strengths of above-mentioned mixes. It was necessary to add the 14 days compressive strength in the input layer to gain acceptable results for 90 days compressive strength. Then proper neural networks were prepared for each mix, following which four existing networks were combined, and the combinatorial neural network model properly predicted the compressive strength of different mix designs.

• 한국응급구조학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.89-102
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• 2017

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to investigate the effects of subtraction meditation on perceived stress, self-efficacy, blood pressure, and pulse rate in paramedic students. Methods: A quasi-experimental study with non-equivalent comparison groups using pre and post-test design was performed. The experimental group consisted of 27 participants who attended the meditation program, and the control group consisted of 26 non-participants of the program. The data were analyzed using SPSS/WIN 24.0. Results: There were a statistically significant differences between the experimental group and the control group in perceived stress(t=2.301, p=.026), systolic pressure(F=18.531, p=.000), diastolic pressure(F=9.745, p=.003), and pulse rate(F=33.869, p=.000) between pretest and posttest results. Conclusion: The subtraction meditation program can help reduce perceived stress, systolic pressure, diastolic pressure, and pulse rate.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제53권1호
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• pp.337-343
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• 2021

In this work, self-absorption correction factor related to the variation of the composition and the density of soil samples were evaluated using the p-type HPGe detector. The validated MCNP5 simulation model of this detector was used to evaluate its Full Energy Peak Efficiency (FEPE) under the variation of the composition and the density of the analysed samples. The results indicates that FEPE calculation of low gamma ray is affected by the composition and the density of soil samples. The self-absorption correction factors for different gamma-ray energies which was fitted as a function of FEPEs via density and energy and fitting parameters as polynomial function for the logarithm neper of gamma ray energy help to calculate quickly the detection efficiency of detector. Factor Analysis for the influence of the element composition in analysed samples on the FEPE indicates the FEPE distribution changes from non-metal to metal groups when the gamma ray energy increases from 92 keV to 238 keV. At energies above 238 keV, the FEPE primarily depends only on the metal elements and is significantly affected by aluminium and silicon composition in soil samples.

• 컴퓨터교육학회논문지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.35-43
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• 2011

이 연구의 목적은 로봇교육 특히, 로봇교육 캠프에서 보조교사가 학습자를 지원하는 유형에 따라서 학습자들의 창의성과 자기효능감에 어떤 변화가 있는지 확인하는 것이다. 연구의 대상은 캠프 참가자 초등학생 72명을 9명씩 1모둠으로 총 8모둠을 구성하여, 이중 4모둠은 보조교사가 공동 참여, 나머지 4모둠은 필요한 정보나 질문에 대한 피드백을 제공하는 형태로 지원하도록 하였다. 연구의 목적을 달성하기 위해 가설은 보조교사가 학생들의 로봇 제작과 프로그래밍 활동에 지원하는 형태에 따라 학습자의 창의성과 자기효능감에는 유의미한 차이가 없을 것이다로 설정하였다. 이와 같은 가설을 검증하기 위하여 이질 통제 집단 전후 검사 설계 방식을 적용하였다. 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 보조교사 지원 유형에 따라 학습자의 창의성은 유의미한 차이가 없었으나, 자기효능감에서는 보조교사가 공동으로 참여한 학생 집단보다 보조교사가 학습자들이 필요한 정보나 질문에 피드백을 제공하는 지원 형태의 학생 집단이 자기효능감에서 높은 성취를 보였다. 이 결과는 보조교사가 직접적으로 학습자들을 도와줄 경우 학습자들은 보조교사에게 의존하여 학습의 과정에서 자기주도성 및 통제감이 떨어지기 때문으로 사료되며, 이 점은 향후 로봇교육에서 보조교사의 지원유형에 관한 후속 연구에 시사점을 제공하리라 판단된다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제13권9호
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• pp.227-235
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• 2013

본 연구는 자아존중감 향상 프로그램이 한부모 가정 초등학생의 자아존중감과 우울에 미치는 효과를 검증하기 위해 실시되었다. 연구에 참여한 대상자들은 본 프로그램에 동의한 두 개의 초등학교 한부모 가정 아동 중 지원자를 받아 A학교를 실험군(12명)으로, B학교를 대조군(13명)으로 임의 배정하고 프로그램 시작 전에 자아존중감과 우울 척도를 이용하여 사전 검사를 실시하였다. 실험군에게는 한부모 가정 초등학생을 위한 자아존감향상 프로그램을 제공하였다. 실험처치는 실험군 12명을 6명씩 2집단으로 나누어 주 1회 40분씩 총 10회기를 진행하였다. 프로그램 종료 후 실험군, 대조군에게 자존감과 우울 척도를 이용하여 사후 검사를 실시하였다. 사후 검사에서 실험군 1명의 자료가 결측되어 최종 실험군 11명, 대조군 13명의 자료가 수집되었다. 연구결과 대조군 보다 실험군이 유의한 수준에서 자아존중감이 증가(z=-2.499, p<.012, ES(d)=0.7)하고, 우울이 감소(z=-2.145, p<.032, ES(d)=-0.4) 되었다. 이러한 결과는 본 연구의 프로그램이 한부모 가정 초등학생들의 심리사회적 적응을 위해 유용하게 사용될 수 있음을 시사한다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.255-262
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• 2021

본 연구는 숲체험 놀이에서 밧줄 놀이가 유아 자신감에 미치는 효과를 분석하는 데 있다. 이를 위해 실험집단 15명(남아7명, 여아8명)과 비실험집단 15명(남아9명, 여아6명)을 대상으로 실험설계를 통한 실증분석하였다. 실험처치를 하고 실험집단 및 통제집단 간 효과를 검정하기 위해 공분산분석(ANCOVA)을 실시한 결과, 실험집단의 평균이 통제집단의 평균보다 통계적으로 의미있게 높은 것으로 나타났다(F=357.350, p<.001). 이같은 결과는 숲체험 밧줄 놀이를 통해 유아의 자신감에 미치는 효과가 통계적으로 의미 있는 효과를 나타낸 것으로 평가할 수 있다. 이는 또래 간 숲체험 밧줄 놀이가 유아의 자신감 향상에 보다 긍정적인 효과를 나타내주는 유익한 놀이로 유아들의 숲체험 놀이를 통해 또래 간 협력을 통한 상호작용 속에 감정과 충동조절로 소극적 성격의 유아의 자신감을 높여주는 긍정적인 놀이활동임을 확인시켜준 것으로 판단할 수 있다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제12권12호
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• pp.5759-5765
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• 2011

본 연구의 목적은 간호대학생을 대상으로 심폐소생술 이론교육과 실습교육을 병행한 실험군과 이론교육만 받은 대조군 간의 교육 효과를 비교하여 향후 간호대학생의 심폐소생술 교육에 효과적인 방법을 적용하기 위한 기초자료를 제공하기 위함이다. 본 연구는 D시 소재 D대학 간호대학생 72명(실험군 36명, 대조군 36명)을 대상으로 하였으며, 자료수집은 2011년 8월 22일에서 8월 24일까지 이루어졌다. 수집된 자료는 SPSS WIN 18.0 Version 프로그램을 사용하여 실수, 백분율, $x^2$-test, t-test, paired t-test로 분석하였다. 연구결과 심폐소생술 교육은 간호대학생의 심폐소생술 수행능력과 자기효능감을 향상시켰으며, 특히 이론과 실습을 병행한 심폐소생술 교육이 더 효과적인 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 간호대학생의 심폐소생술 교육시 단순히 지식을 향상시키는데 초점을 맞추기 보다는 이론과 실습을 병행한 교육이 필요하며, 이는 간호대학생이 예측하지 못한 상황에서도 정확하고 신속한 심폐소생술을 수행하는데 도움을 줄 것이다.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.155-164
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• 2002

This study was conducted to investigate the differences in environmental and psychological factors in children with obesity and to offer useful information for obesity treatment and prevention. 123 children of 5-6th grade in elementary school and their mothers were included in this study and divided into either the obese group and normal group(obese group: 61, normal group: 62) according to the Weight-Length Index(WLI). Results showed that between the two groups there no significant differences in family income, mother's occupation status, educational level, and anthropometric measurement. Nutritional knowledge in the obese group was significantly higher than that of the normal group(p<0.05). The mothers of children with obesity had a higher level of nutritional knowledge than the mothers of normal children(p<0.05). There were no significant differences in food behavior between the obese and normal groups. There were no significant differences in maternal child-rearing practices and in maternal attitude on flood behavior of children. Considering psychological factors ; 72.1% of the children with obesity appraised their body image as obese(p<0.05), and 54.1% of the mothers in obese group perceived their child's body shape as obese(p<0.05). The level of self-esteem were not significantly different when compared between the obese and normal groups. From these results, it was suggested that effective measures for obesity treatment and prevention should include nutritional monitoring, and such efforts need to be maintained in order to help the obese children and their mothers.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.269-279
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• 2012

Purpose: To develop a expressive writing program for women with breast cancer and to identify its effects on stress physical symptom, cancer symptom, anxiety, depression, and QOL. Methods: A non-equivalent control pre-post design was used. Participants were recruited from self-help groups in six hospitals and were assigned to the experimental group (29) or control group (29). Data were collected before, after, and at four weeks after the intervention program. Changes in the variables were evaluated to test effects of the developed program, using $X^2$-test, Fisher's exact test, repeated measures ANOVA, and paired t-test. Results: The expressive writing program was developed for women with breast cancer based on Pennebaker's expressive writing. Significant differences were found between the two groups for stress related to physical symptoms ($p$<.00) and quality of life ($p$=.024). No significant differences were found in cancer symptoms, anxiety, or depression between the two groups. Conclusion: The results indicate that the expressive writing program designed to express cancer-related deep thoughts and emotions helps in decreasing physical symptoms and improving QOL. Further studies are needed to identify the effect on emotions such as anxiety and depression for women with breast cancer with above average levels of anxiety and depression.

• 초등상담연구
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.85-98
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• 2005

This study aimed at examining an effect of a group art treatment program on isolated children's self-concept and adaptation to the school life in an elementary school. To achieve this goal, the two hypotheses were made. Hypothesis 1. Children in the experimental group that participated in the group art treatment program will show more improvement in self-concept than those in the control group. Hypothesis 2. Children in the experimental group that participated in the group art treatment program will show more improvement in the ability to adapt themselves to the school life than those in the control group. To test the hypotheses, the socio-emotional isolation test developed by Heo Seung-hi (1993) was carried out with 120 third-graders at K elementary school in Busan; then, 24 isolated children (12 boys and 12 girls) at the upper 25 percent level were randomly sampled and assigned to each of experimental and control groups. The five-stage art treatment program as a reconstruction of the prior study to meet the goal of this study was provided to children in the experimental group at the researcher's classroom after school for 13 sessions, two sessions per week. The self-concept test manufactured by Song In-seop (1996), the school life adaptation test developed by Lee Yeong-seon (1997), and the experimental group's school life drawing (KSD) were used to test an effect of the program. For data analysis, two methods, a quantitative analysis of two tests and a qualitative analysis of KSD, were used. The findings were as follows: After implementing the art treatment program with the experimental group, there was significant improvement in all areas. This study concluded that if a group art treatment program is applied to elementary school practice, it will help isolated children improve their self-concept and ability to adapt themselves to the school life.