• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.80-86
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• 2024

Background: The Work Ability Index (WAI) is an instrument that measures work ability. The wide dispersion of the WAI internationally has led to its adaptation for use in different countries. This study aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Spanish version of the WAI. Methods: A methodological design was used over an opportunistic sample of 233 workers in the aeronautical industry in Spain. Reliability was evaluated through internal consistency. Factorial validity, known groups, and convergent validity were tested. Results: The Cronbach's alpha and item-total correlation indicated an adequate internal consistency. The confirmatory factor analysis, performed to evaluate the factorial validity, found adequate fit indices for a two-factor solution with a high correlation between the factors. Factor 1, "Subjectively estimated work ability and resources", was composed of 3 subscales and factor 2, "Ill-health-related", of 2 subscales. Subscales 4 and 6 had loading in both factors. Workers under 45 years of age obtained higher significant scores than older ones. Convergent validity was also evidenced since WAI was highly correlated with self-assessment of health status. Conclusions: The Spanish version of the WAI has shown evidence of reliability and validity in this study, supporting its use in individual and collective health surveillance by occupational health professionals. The factorial solution that was found has previously been reported in another international context. However, further research is needed to resolve the discrepancies detected in the role of some subscales between other national and international studies.

• 동의신경정신과학회지
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.37-68
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• 2024

Objectives: This study aimed to systematically review thread-embedding treatment studies for depression, anxiety, and dementia and examine the effectiveness and safety of thread-embedding treatment. Methods: Ten domestic and international search databases were used for study selection, including CNKI, PubMed, CENTRAL, EMBASE, CINAHL, AMED, PsycArticles, RISS, OASIS, and KCI. We included studies that presented diagnostic or appropriate criteria for depression, anxiety, and dementia, and randomized control studies using thread-embedding therapy. We searched papers published until October 10, 2023. Results: Twenty-one studies were selected, of which 11 studies were conducted on depression, nine on dementia, and one on anxiety disorders. The most commonly used acupoint for depression was Gansu (BL18), whereas zusanli (ST36) and fenglong (ST40) were used for dementia. The most commonly used type of thread was 1-0 United States pharmacopeia (USP) and 1 cm for depression and 2-0 USP and 1 cm for dementia. The treatment period for most of the studies was once every 2 weeks and for 8 weeks. Among the included studies, 17 showed significant improvements in depression scales, such as Hamilton depression rating scale and Self rating depression scale, activities of daily living scales, and cognitive function scales, such as Hasegawa dementia scale and Mini-mental state examination. Six studies reported adverse events, and no studies reported significant adverse events. Two studies reported follow-ups. Conclusions: This study presents limited evidence for the effectiveness and safety of thread-embedding therapy for depression, anxiety, and dementia. Well-designed studies are needed to review the clinical efficacy and safety of thread-embedding therapy in the future.

• 대한물리치료과학회지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.1-15
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• 2024

Background: This study was conducted to apply active release techniques to male youth basketball players to help improve physical development and damage prevention and improve performance through improved balance and functional movement. Design: Randomized control trial. Methods: The subjects included 33 youth basketball players who were randomly assigned to the experimental group (n=17) and the control group (n=16). For the experimental group, the active release technique was applied to the hip muscles, calf muscles, posterior thigh muscles based on the distribution of injuries surveyed in youth basketball players in the Korean Basksetball League. The Y-balance test and the functional reach test (FRT) were used to assess balance and the Functional Movement Screen (FMS) was used to assess functional movement. Interventions were conducted twice a week for 4 weeks at 40 minutes per session. The experimental group was the active release technique group, and static stretching, a common exercise therapy technique, and self-myofascial release using a foam roller were applied for 20 minutes. The control group received general exercise therapy and placebo active release technique. The placebo active release technique applies pressure only. results:The experimental group showed a greater improvement in balance, as evidenced by the FRT, compared to the control group, which received general exercise treatment. However, there was no statistically significant difference in improvement between the 2 groups. In the case of the experimental group, the difference in the Y balance test before and after the intervention was larger than that of the control group, but there was no statistically significant difference. Significant improvement was found in functional movement, as evidence by the FMS, for the trunk stability test (p < 0.05), in-line lunge test (p < 0.05), rotational stability test (p < 0.05), total score (p < 0.05). Conclusion: In this study, the active release technique improved the balance and functional movement of young basketball players more than general exercise therapy. The application of the active release technique is therefore expected to assist in physical development, prevent damage, and improve the performance of youth basketball players.

• International Journal of Stem Cells
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.102-112
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• 2024

An organoid is a self-organized three-dimensional structure derived from stem cells that mimics the structure, cell composition, and functional characteristics of specific organs and tissues and is used for evaluating the safety and effectiveness of drugs and the toxicity of industrial chemicals. Organoid technology is a new methodology that could replace testing on animals testing and accelerate development of precision and regenerative medicine. However, large variations in production can occur between laboratories with low reproducibility of the production process and no internationally agreed standards for quality evaluation factors at endpoints. To overcome these barriers that hinder the regulatory acceptance and commercialization of organoids, Korea established the Organoid Standards Initiative in September 2023 with various stakeholders, including industry, academia, regulatory agencies, and standard development experts, through public and private partnerships. This developed general guidelines for organoid manufacturing and quality evaluation and for quality evaluation guidelines for organoid-specific manufacturing for the liver, intestines, and heart through extensive evidence analysis and consensus among experts. This report is based on the common standard guideline v1.0, which is a general organoid manufacturing and quality evaluation to promote the practical use of organoids. This guideline does not focus on specific organoids or specific contexts of use but provides guidance to organoid makers and users on materials, procedures, and essential quality assessment methods at end points that are essential for organoid production applicable at the current technology level.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.534-543
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• 2024

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Studies on the impact of dietary fiber intake on kidney stones are few, and their results were controversial. This study aimed to explore the association between dietary fiber intake and kidney stones in the nationally representative population of the USA. SUBJECTS/METHODS: This cross-sectional research included 8,588 participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2011 to 2018. Information regarding dietary fiber intake was obtained from a 24-h recall survey. Participants were categorized into different dietary fiber intake tertiles according to the average of 2 days of dietary recall data. The outcome was self-reported kidney stones. After adjusting for the traditional risk factors, a multivariate logistic regression model was used to examine the association between dietary fiber intake and kidney stones. RESULTS: Eight hundred seventy-two participants had kidney stones. The weighted prevalence (SE) of kidney stones in the lowest tertile, medium tertile, and highest tertile of dietary fiber intake was 11.8% (0.8%), 10.3% (0.8%), and 9.1% (0.8%), respectively. After adjusting for age, sex, race and ethnicity, education level, smoking status, alcohol consumption, physical activity, body mass index, hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, daily water intake, chronic kidney disease stage 3-5, and total energy intake, participants with the highest tertile of fiber intake had a significantly lower risk of kidney stones (odds ratio [OR], 0.68; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.48-0.95) compared to those in the lowest tertile. Every 5 g/day increment in dietary fiber intake was associated with a significant decrease in risk of kidney stones (OR, 0.90; 95% CI, 0.83-0.98). CONCLUSION: An increase in dietary fiber intake was associated with a lower risk of kidney stones, suggesting adults should be encouraged to maintain an adequate dietary fiber intake to prevent the development of kidney stones. Our results provide evidence to formulate nutrition management strategies for the prevention of kidney stones.

• Journal of Information Science Theory and Practice
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.14-35
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• 2024

This qualitative study explores cyberbullying among college students through Habermas's Theory of Communicative Action to examine the dissonance between online interactions and principles of rational discourse. Cyberbullying is a pervasive issue in digital communication that undermines logical, evidence-based conversation, fostering environments where misinformation, manipulation, and harm thrive. By analyzing case studies from three universities, the research identifies the characteristics, dynamics, and emotional impacts of cyberbullying on victims, highlighting the role of social media platforms in facilitating these negative interactions. The findings reveal significant challenges to authentic and equal online conversations, driven by power imbalances and a lack of genuine communication, leading to psychological distress, erosion of self-esteem, and changes in behavior among victims. The study underscores the potential of social media design and policy interventions to mitigate cyberbullying, emphasizing the need for educational programs, technological solutions, and community support to promote a safer, more respectful digital environment. Key themes include the dynamics of cyberbullying, the suppression of rational discourse, the psychological and emotional consequences of inauthentic communication, and strategies for resilience and recovery. The research contributes to understanding cyberbullying's complexities and suggests a multifaceted approach to addressing it, aligning with Habermas's ideal of communicative rationality to foster healthier online communities. Future research should further explore the intersection of technology design, user behavior, and regulatory policies to combat cyberbullying effectively.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.53-74
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• 2012

A challenge in fostering virtual communities is the continuous supply of knowledge, namely members' willingness to contribute knowledge to their communities. Previous research argues that giving away knowledge eventually causes the possessors of that knowledge to lose their unique value to others, benefiting all except the contributor. Furthermore, communication within virtual communities involves a large number of participants with different social backgrounds and perspectives. The establishment of mutual understanding to comprehend conversations and foster knowledge contribution in virtual communities is inevitably more difficult than face-to-face communication in a small group. In spite of these arguments, evidence suggests that individuals in virtual communities do engage in social behaviors such as knowledge contribution. It is important to understand why individuals provide their valuable knowledge to other community members without a guarantee of returns. In virtual communities, knowledge is inherently rooted in individual members' experiences and expertise. This personal nature of knowledge requires social interactions between virtual community members for knowledge transfer. This study employs the social capital theory in order to account for interpersonal relationship factors and identity theory for individual and group factors that may affect knowledge contribution. First, social capital is the relationship capital which is embedded within the relationships among the participants in a network and available for use when it is needed. Social capital is a productive resource, facilitating individuals' actions for attainment. Nahapiet and Ghoshal (1997) identify three dimensions of social capital and explain theoretically how these dimensions affect the exchange of knowledge. Thus, social capital would be relevant to knowledge contribution in virtual communities. Second, existing research has addressed the importance of identity in facilitating knowledge contribution in a virtual context. Identity in virtual communities has been described as playing a vital role in the establishment of personal reputations and in the recognition of others. For instance, reputation systems that rate participants in terms of the quality of their contributions provide a readily available inventory of experts to knowledge seekers. Despite the growing interest in identities, however, there is little empirical research about how identities in the communities influence knowledge contribution. Therefore, the goal of this study is to better understand knowledge contribution by examining the roles of social capital and identity in virtual communities. Based on a theoretical framework of social capital and identity theory, we develop and test a theoretical model and evaluate our hypotheses. Specifically, we propose three variables such as cohesiveness, reciprocity, and commitment, referring to the social capital theory, as antecedents of knowledge contribution in virtual communities. We further posit that members with a strong identity (self-presentation and group identification) contribute more knowledge to virtual communities. We conducted a field study in order to validate our research model. We collected data from 192 members of virtual communities and used the PLS method to analyse the data. The tests of the measurement model confirm that our data set has appropriate discriminant and convergent validity. The results of testing the structural model show that cohesion, reciprocity, and self-presentation significantly influence knowledge contribution, while commitment and group identification do not significantly influence knowledge contribution. Our findings on cohesion and reciprocity are consistent with the previous literature. Contrary to our expectations, commitment did not significantly affect knowledge contribution in virtual communities. This result may be due to the fact that knowledge contribution was voluntary in the virtual communities in our sample. Another plausible explanation for this result may be the self-selection bias for the survey respondents, who are more likely to contribute their knowledge to virtual communities. The relationship between self-presentation and knowledge contribution was found to be significant in virtual communities, supporting the results of prior literature. Group identification did not significantly affect knowledge contribution in this study, inconsistent with the wealth of research that identifies group identification as an important factor for knowledge sharing. This conflicting result calls for future research that examines the role of group identification in knowledge contribution in virtual communities. This study makes a contribution to theory development in the area of knowledge management in general and virtual communities in particular. For practice, the results of this study identify the circumstances under which individual factors would be effective for motivating knowledge contribution to virtual communities.

• 한국전자거래학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.59-77
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• 2015

소셜 네트워크 서비스(SNS; social network service)의 발전과 확산으로 사람들은 타인의 정보를 시간과 장소에 구애 받지 않고 쉽게 공유할 수 있게 되었고, 타인과의 관계형성 또한 더욱 쉽고 빠른 방법으로 가능하게 되었다. 특히 페이스북 같은 SNS는 광범위한 사용성과 빠른 확산성과 함께, 타인과의 풍부한 사회비교 기회를 갖게 한다. 본 연구는 소셜 미디어에 기반한 사회비교 노출이 사용자의 부정적인 감정과 SNS의 사용중단 의도에 끼치는 영향을 실증적으로 탐구하는데 그 목적이 있다. 먼저, 본 연구는 SNS 사용자의 사회비교 활동이 크게 3가지로 나뉜다고 보았는데, 가장먼저 본인의 위치와 비슷하다고 느끼는 상대와 자신을 평가하려는 자기평가욕구에서 시작하는 유사비교활동, 본인보다 더 열등한 사람과 비교함으로써 자신의 정서가 다치지 않게 하려는 자기방어욕구에서 비롯되는 하향비교활동, 마지막으로 자신보다 더 나은 상대와 비교함으로써 자신을 발전시키고자 하는 자기향상욕구와 관련되는 상향비교활동이다. 이러한 사회비교활동들은 사람들이 매일매일 SNS에 지나치게 의존하고 상향비교, 유사비교와 관련된 정보들에 자주 노출됨으로써, 빈번하게 발생될 수 있으며, 이는 결국 부정적인 감정들과 피로감으로 이어져 SNS 중단의도로 이어질 수 있다는 것이다. 본 연구는 209명의 SNS 사용자들을 대상으로 한 설문조사를 통하여 SNS 이용자들이 타인과 상향비교와 유사비교를 할수록 부정적 감정을 느끼게 되어, 이러한 감정들이 결국 SNS에 대한 부정적 태도(Attitude)를 거쳐 SNS 이용중단(Behavior)에 이르게 된다는 것을 밝히고자하였다. PLS 분석결과, SNS 사용 중 일어나는 사회비교와 타인탐색위주의 SNS의 사용은 사용자들에게 부정적인 감정들을 느끼게 하며 이 부정적인 감정들이 SNS 이용중단 의도에 통계적으로 유의한 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 SNS 이용중단 의도에 관한 연구를 사회 심리학적 관점으로 확대하여 실증적 연구를 진행했다는 점과 상향비교 또는 유사비교가 부정적인 영향을 끼칠 수 있다는 기존의 심리학연구결과를 SNS 환경에서 실증적으로 증명하였다는 점에서 그 학술적 의의가 크다고 할 수 있다.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.293-308
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• 2024

연구배경: 일개 권역 생활치료센터 격리 환자를 대상으로, 치료 전 단계인 입소 시점에서의 정신건강 상태를 파악하고, 완치 단계인 퇴소 시점에서의 정신건강 상태의 변화 정도를 확인한다. 그리고 그 영향요인을 추론한다. 방법: 생활치료센터 3개소 격리 환자를 조사모집단(target population)으로 하였다. 표본은 입·퇴소 시점의 정신건강 변화가 조사된 경우이며, 최종 표본크기는 n=1,941이었다. 입·퇴소 시점 간 불안(anxiety), 심리적 고통(psychological distress), 외상 후 스트레스(post-traumatic stress), 우울(depression), 자해위험(self-injury ideation)의 상태 변화를 '개선(improved),' '악화(worsened)'로 구분하였다. 각 정신건강 영역의 악화 확률에 대한 추론을 중심으로, 일반화선형모형(generalized linear model)에 의한 개선 확률과의 odds ratio (OR)를 추정하였고 영향요인을 평가하였다. 결과: 격리 환자의 불안, 우울 등 정신건강 상태는 일반인구집단에 비해 상대적으로 높았고, 격리 치료 중 불안(84.3% 개선)과 심리적 고통 정도(79.0% 개선)는 크게 감소하였지만, 퇴소 시점에서 일부는 중등수준 이상의 불안(43.8%→11.2%)과 심리적 고통(35.3%→11.0%)이 연속되어 확인되었다. 우울의 경우, 퇴소 시점에서의 위험수준 및 고수준 우울(28.7%→36.7%)이 입소 시점과 비교해 증가하였다. 불안 및 심리적 고통 악화 여부가 퇴소 시점의 우울 악화(불안 악화 OR, 2.04; 심리적 고통 악화 OR, 3.56)에 가장 주요한 영향요인으로 나타났으며 통계적으로 유의하였다. 이러한 효과는 외상 후 스트레스 및 자해위험에서도 동일하게 확인되었다. 결론: 생활치료센터 격리 환자의 전·후 정신건강 상태를 반복측정하여 불안 및 심리적 고통 정도의 변화를 확인하고, 단기적 중재효과를 정략적으로 확인한 것에 의미가 있다. 불안과 심리적 고통을 개선함으로써 퇴소 시점의 외상 후 스트레스, 우울, 자해위험 악화를 감소시킬 수 있다. 이러한 결과는 격리 치료의 초기 단계에서부터 적극적 정신건강 관리 필요성의 근거를 제공하며, 정신건강 관리를 필수적으로 포함하는 감염병 치료 및 격리방침 마련의 기반자료로 활용할 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.190-203
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• 2002

이 연구의 목적은 포트폴리오 평가의 내용 타당도를 검증하고 학생 포트폴리오에서 파악할 수 있는 정보의 유형을 조사하는 것이다. 내용 타당도를 각 차시의 목적과 교육과정의 중점에 비추어 검증하였으며, 학생 포트폴리오를 분석하여 어떤 정보를 파악할 수 있는지 분석하였다. 분석에 사용한 학생 포트폴리오는 경기도 평택시 A 초등학교 4학년 한 학급에서 실시한 것이다. 포트폴리오에는 4학년 2학기 지층과 화석, 열과 물체의 변화단원 내용이 포함되어 있다. 4학년 교과서, 실험관찰, 교사용 지도서 역시 분석되었으며, 그 결과는 학생 포트폴리오에서 파악한 정보와 비교하였다. 과학교육전문가 2인과 10명의 현직 초등 교사가 분석에 참여하였다. 연구 결과 포트폴리오 평가 양식과 교육과정 및 교과서 내용은 $70\sim100%$ 범위의 일치도를 보였다 교육과정 중점과 비교할 때는 90% 이상의 일치도를 나타냈다. 학생 포트폴리오는 이해, 관찰, 의욕, 학습의 과정에 대한 정보를 많이 포함하고 있었으며, 결론도출, 의사소통, 자기 주도, 학습의 진전, 자기 개념, 상호작용, 학습의 과정에 대한 정보도 상당히 포함하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 전체적으로 볼 때 학생 포트폴리오와 교과서의 정보는 거의 비슷한 수준을 보였다. 다만 예상, 의욕, 자기 주도, 상호 작용과 같은 정보는 학생 포트폴리오에 더 많이 포함되어 있었으며, 관찰이나 실험 계획에 대한 정보는 과학교과서에서 상대적으로 더 많이 포함하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 연구 대상 포트폴리오 평가 양식은 타당도가 높으며, 지필 검사로는 얻을 수 없는 다양하고 풍부한 정보를 포함하고 있었다. 학생 포트폴리오에서 얻은 정보를 잘 활용하면 학생들의 학습과 장점에 대한 깊은 이해를 할 수 있고, 이를 바탕으로 학생들의 과학 학습을 크게 향상시킬 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.