• Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.209-225
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• 2006

According to shift of the political focus from agricultural productivity to social development, it has been increased importance of local leader in rural society. Especially rural women leader's role has been increased not only in agricultural business but also in social activity of locality. Although a lot of leadership study related to rural community development, it has been very scarcely study about leader's action in pattern or doing in style based on psychological scale. Therefore this a kind of pilot study on that. For this data, it was gathered from 24 female farmer leaders of a federation group in 2005. In this study, to define the action in pattern or doing in style of leader, it was adopted to Ozasz Yoshihisa's scale which is consisted of 40 items into 8 types. From analysis of female farmer leader's action in pattern or doing in style, most of them were belong to volunteer type, generalist type, farmer type. This menas most of them were head toward maintenance of the present status, keeping one's balance, adaptation oneself to new environment, or acceptance the logic of events, not trying to innovate. But it was not clear that any variable has a relation in the action in pattern or the doing in style, for definition of variables, it should be more detailed study.

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.293-303
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• 1995

Health has occupied a position of importance in the human history, whether it be in the East or in the West, and it is a subject in which people have been constantly interested. The concept of health has changed continuously as the society has developed, industrialized and become more structured. The perception of health concept can be an esential factor which is to determine the health behaviors. This study is a descriptive inquiry done to identity high school students' perception of health and what they do as health behaviors. The subject consisted of 503 voctional high school seniors, 129 boys and 374 girls, from a school located in An-san Si, kyong-gi Do. The instruments used for this study were open-ended questionnaires and data were collected by having the students fill out the questionnaires which took 10 minutes, in their first class, April 6, 1995. The collected materials were classified and recorded on the cards according to each question using the terms which students had written. After putting statements which had common meanings together, the representative categories were labelled. The results obtained are as follows. 1. Categorizing and labelling of health concepts What high school students descripted as health concepts were classified as the absence of illness, physical comfort, strong physical strength and physique, not having a deformity, resisting power, self control mental-rest(or psychological comfort), wholesome ideas, self-control, harmony in body and in mind, maintenace of daily life, pleasant life, good friends, peaceful family life and realizing objectives. 2. Categorizing and labelling of health behaviors These were classified as preventive life, good dietary habits and regimen, maintenance of clean body, exercises, preventing obesity, rest, environmental balance or control of environment, limit one's tastes, making use of leisure, peaceful mind, sound thought and regular living habits. The result indicates that the health concepts were positive and included not only absence of illness but also harmony in body and in mind and pleasant life; health behaviors which had high frequency were good dietary habits and regimen, exercises and sound thought. It is hoped that these findings well serve as practical references for teachers when they counsel with, and provide the students with guidance programs which include health care.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.50-74
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to identify a determent of mastery approach goal and performance approach goal using a basic concept of goal orientations and goal setting theory, and to evaluate a preference of goal achievement index as a balance score card (BSC). The study model proposed had a adoptable level of goodness of fit index(.94) and root mean square residual(.08). The meditating variable, goal contribution, totally mediated the impact of goal commitment, Y-theory human behavior, and self-efficacy but organizational resource contribution for pursuing goal orientation. Moreover, goal contribution significantly determined mastery approach goal(p<.01) and performance approach goal(.05). In standardized effects, the most powerful antecedent of mastery approach goal and performance approach goal were in order of organizational resource contribution(.27/.28), goal contribution(.21/.17), self-efficacy(.07/.06), and Y -theory human behavior and goal commitment(.05/.05), respectively. Moreover, goal contribution had a more powerful impact on mastery approach goal(.21) rather than performance approach goal(.17). In the preference of BSC, all job types preferred learning and growth index in first. In the second preference, medical doctors and pharmacists chose financial results, nurses customer service, and office managers internal processes. Each job type reflected its' own preferred BSC index to that of the other job types. In comparing a preference of four BSC index of each own job type, it was statistically different at p<.001. In conclusion, one who emphasize organizational goal contribution in pursuing goal orientation has a more strong orientation toward mastery approach goal rather than performance approach goal. A hospital should overcome and harmonize the different preferences of four BSC index since the differences might cause organizational conflicts among job types with having each unique professional norm.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.577-586
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• 2009

Aging is associated with decreased energy expenditure, thermogenesis and energy requirements. Maintenance of physical fitness of the elderly has been reported to reduce the rate at which the basal metabolic rate, muscle strength, skeletal muscle mass and bone density deteriorate. Skeletal muscle disease is known to increase the risk of physical disability and psychological problems. This study was conducted to investigate changes in disability, emotional problems, body compositions, obesity indices and nutrient intake levels according to physical fitness with the elderly in rural areas. According to the results, physical fitness was negatively related with Activities of Daily Living(ADL, p<0.05), Instrumental Activities of Daily Living(IADL, p<0.001), Body Mass Index(BMI, p<0.001) and abdominal obesity(p<0.05), while it showed a positive correlation with the General Self Efficacy Scale(GSES)(p<0.001) and nutrient intake(p<0.05). When changes in these factors were compared according to the range of quartile of the Fullerton Advanced Balance Scale(FAB Scale), GSES(Q1=35.3, Q2=43.5, Q3=53.2, Q4=51.9, p<0.001), BMI(Q1=36.1%, Q2=34.7%, Q3=33.2%, Q4=28.6%, p<0.01), abdominal obesity(Q1=1.02, Q2=0.99, Q3=0.97, Q4=0.94, p<0.001) and nutrient intake(Q1=71.1%, Q2=75.4%, Q3=80.6%, Q4=80.2%, p<0.05) differed significantly. Taken together, these results suggested that better physical fitness would lead to a reduction in negative factors including physical disability and obesity indices, but to an increase in positive factors such as GSES and nutrient intake. The results of this study are expected to be used as basic data for the development of programs to promote the health of the elderly in a local society.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2009.06a
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• pp.361-364
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• 2009

KEPRI has studied planar type SOFC stacks using anode-supported single cells and kW class co-generation systems for residential power generation. A 1kW class SOFC system consisted of a hot box part, a cold BOP part and a water reservoir. A hot box part contains a SOFC stack made up of 48 cells with $10{\times}10cm^2$ area and ferritic stainless steel interconnectors, a fuel reformer, a catalytic combustor and heat exchangers. Thermal management and insulation system were especially designed for self-sustainable operation. A cold BOP part was composed of blowers, pumps, a water trap and system control units. When a 1kW class SOFC system was operated at $750^{\circ}C$ with hydrogen, the stack power was 1.2kW at 30 A and 1.6kW at 50A. Turning off an electric furnace, the SOFC system was operated using hydrogen and city gas without any external heat source. Under self-sustainable operation conditions, the stack power was about 1.3kW with hydrogen and 1.2kW with city gas respectively. The system also recuperated heat of about 1.1kW by making hot water. Recently KEPRI developed stacks using $15{\times}15cm^2$ cells and tested them. KEPRI will develop a 5 kW class CHP system using $15{\times}15cm^2$ stacks by 2010.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.23-33
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• 2004

The Roh Moo-hyun Government of Korea with highest fierily establishes policy framework and measures to accomplish the goal of regionally balanced development. With the vision "constructing a county in which every region provides high quality of life with its own specificity" and basic strategy "self-sustained localization", the policy framework is geared to economic aspects of development rather than cultual or social aspects. Subsequently, policy measures are also focused on such economic tools as regional innovation system, strategic industry, or industrial cluster. This paper suggests that future policy of balance development should set clear definition of balanced development, be based on a though evaluation of the Bast policy measures, and draw several fresh ideas which match characteristics of each region. These policy directions should be given higher power of practice with efficient organizational support.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.379-390
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• 2003

The daily food intake and its related factors of the elderly(aged over 60) living in Incheon were compared. Self administered questionnaires were collected from 418 elderly. Statistical data analysis was completed using a SPSS v. 10.0 program. The results are summarized as follows: About 70% of elderly took grains and starch foods relatively high. The daily intakes of them was significantly influenced by ages of elderly, self-perceived health status, degree of drinking, meal regularity and nutritional balance of meals. More than 80% of elderly responded to take the food group of meat, fish and eggs poorly. Among various factors, the residence type and snack intake frequency influenced the daily intake of those foods statistically. A half of elderly took the vegetables and fruits everyday more than average. The daily consumption of vegetables and fruits was significantly influenced by sex, ages, exercise, snack intake frequency and preference of spices. Most elderly consumed fewer servings of milk and dairy products. About 60% of them did not take milk and dairy products daily. The daily contribution of those foods was significantly influenced by residence and exercise. 45.5% of elderly took oils and sugars more than average everyday which was influenced significantly by residence, exercise, snack intake frequency and meal regularity. In conclusion, the important influencing factors on the daily food intakes of elderly might be related to ages, residence, family, smoking, drinking, exercise, snack intake frequency and meal regularity. Therefore, a situation-oriented and practically organized nutrition education and ingestion support programs which consider the elderlies' socioeconomic status may help to improve the daily food intake of elderly in Incheon area.

• Therapeutic Science for Rehabilitation
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.39-51
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• 2015

Objective : To synthesize and identify the studies that delineated the relationship between quality of life and other factors in stroke patients in South Korea. Method : Electronic databases were searched, including KISS, NDSL, National Assembly Library and KmBase. The search terms included stroke, quality of life and correlation, relationship. Only papers published in Korean were included. Results : Twelve studies, from 256 references screened, were included. All studies were non-experimental and correlational analysis. A correlation coefficient between Quality of Life and ADL .293~.622, Depression -.804~-.533, Cognition .090~.610, Quality of Sleep .107, Quality of Satisfaction .367, Fatigue -.260, MAL(Quality of Movement .208, Amount of Use .364), Family Support .824, Pain -.306, Motivation for Rehabilitation .51~.86, Balance .740, Self-efficacy .388 were analyzed respectively. Conclusion : The quality of life of stroke patients was influenced by multiple factors. Occupational therapists need to consider the functions of upper extremity and activities of daily living as well as depression, cognition, sleep, family support, pain, and self efficacy to improve quality of life of stroke patients.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 1999.11a
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• pp.80-101
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• 1999

Self-sufficiency ratio of food crops in Korea is estimated under $20{\%}$ in 2010 because total food consumption including feed will be increased. but food grain production will be decreased. It is necessary to maintain the optimum level of food self-sufficiency rate to secure national food demand/supply balance and non-trade and multiple function of agriculture in Korea. It will be possible to produce more food grains having the acceptable quality if the appropriate policy and cropping techniques are developed and practised in future. Breeding for high yielding varieties should be the first target to raise the production potential of food crops . Number of varieties developed during last 30 years is counted as 353 in food crops. New varieties developed in 1990s showed the higher yield potential and the improved agronomic characteristics compared with 1970s and 1980s varieties. But number of varieties planted on the farmer's field over $5{\%}$ of national planting area is less than one third of total varieties developed Breeding efforts to maintain planting area of main food crops should be focussed on consumer's demand and farmer's need. They are the best quality variety in each field of crop utilization, the newly designed variety adapting to changes of natural, rural and cropping environment, and the higher yielding variety. It is also needed to develop new quality crop varieties for inducing more consumption of crop grain produced in Korea for direct food or processing. Development of barley varieties for animal feed. high income soybean varieties, high quality wheat variety. and super yielding rice and barley varieties are also needed to keep or maximize national food production potential. In order to establish the appropriate cropping technique for domestic food security, the strong and continuous interest and financial support on crop breeding are required, and the inter-disciplinary and inter-institutionary researches should be strengthened for successful crop breeding.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.47 no.3
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• pp.406-419
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• 2017

Purpose: The aims of this study were to develop a motivational interviewing program for exercise improvement in persons with physical disabilities and to examine the effect of this motivational interviewing intervention. Methods: The study employed a nonequivalent control group pretest and posttest design. A total of 62 persons with physical disabilities (30 in the experimental group, 32 in the control group) were recruited from 2 community rehabilitation centers. The experimental group received 8 sessions of a group motivational interviewing program, scheduled once a week, with each session lasting 60 minutes. Test measures were completed before the intervention, immediately after the end of the intervention, 2 weeks later, and 6 weeks after the end of the intervention. Measures included self-efficacy for exercise, decisional balance for exercise, stage of change for exercise, regularity of exercise, exercise maintenance, and independent living ability. Data were analyzed using the ${\chi}^2-test$, Fisher's exact test, Independent samples t-test, and repeated measures ANOVA, conducted using IBM SPSS Statistics version 18. Results: The experimental group showed a significant increase in self-efficacy for exercise (F=50.98, p<.001), benefit (pros) of exercise (F=24.16, p<.001), and independent living ability (F=50.94, p<.001), and a significant decrease in loss (cons) of exercise (F=26.50, p<.001). There were significant differences between the two groups in stages of change for exercise (p<.001), regularity of exercise (p<.001), and exercise maintenance (${\chi}^2=26.61$, p<.001). Conclusion: The motivational interviewing program has the potential to improve exercise levels in persons with physical disabilities.