• Animal Bioscience
• /
• 제34권9호
• /
• pp.1425-1438
• /
• 2021

Maintaining a high level of beef consumption requires paying attention not only to quantitative traits but also to the quality and dietary properties of meat. Growing consumer demands do not leave producers many options for how animals are selected for breeding and animal keeping. Meat and carcass fatness quality traits, which are influenced by multiple genes, are economically important in beef cattle breeding programs. The recent availability of genome sequencing methods and many previously identified molecular markers offer new opportunities for animal breeding, including the use of molecular information in selection programs. Many gene polymorphisms have thus far been analyzed and evaluated as potential candidates for molecular markers of meat quality traits. Knowledge of these markers can be further applied to breeding programs through marker-assisted selection. In this literature review, we discuss the most promising and well-described candidates and their associations with selected beef production traits.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 제어로봇시스템학회 1997년도 한국자동제어학술회의논문집; 한국전력공사 서울연수원; 17-18 Oct. 1997
• /
• pp.227-230
• /
• 1997

In this paper, robot navigation experiments with a new navigation algorithm are carried out in real environments. The authors already proposed a reactive navigation algorithm for mobile robots using optimal via-point selection method. At each sampling time, a number of via-point candidates is constructed with various candidates of heading angles and velocities. The robot detects surrounding obstacles, and the proposed algorithm utilizes fuzzy multi-attribute decision making in selecting the optimal via-point the robot would proceed at next step. Fuzzy decision making allows the robot to choose the most qualified via-point even when the two navigation goals-obstacle avoidance and target point reaching-conflict each other. The experimental result shows the successful navigation can be achieved with the proposed navigation algorithm for real environments.

• 말소리와 음성과학
• /
• 제1권3호
• /
• pp.109-115
• /
• 2009

Many isolated word recognition systems may generate non-similar words for recognition candidates because they use only acoustic information. In this paper, we investigate several techniques which can exclude non-similar words from N-best candidate words by applying Levenstein distance measure. At first, word distance method based on phone and syllable distances are considered. These methods use just Levenstein distance on phones or double Levenstein distance algorithm on syllables of candidates. Next, word similarity approaches are presented that they use characters' position information of word candidates. Each character's position is labeled to inserted, deleted, and correct position after alignment between source and target string. The word similarities are obtained from characters' positional probabilities which mean the frequency ratio of the same characters' observations on the position. From experimental results, we can find that the proposed methods are effective for removing non-similar words without loss of system performance from the N-best recognition candidates of the systems.

• 방송공학회논문지
• /
• 제23권5호
• /
• pp.628-635
• /
• 2018

본 논문에서는 비디오 부호화에서 중요한 고속 움직임 예측 알고리즘을 제안한다. 기존의 전영역 탐색 방법의 많은 계산량으로 인하여 예측화질향상과 연산량 감축을 위한 연구가 진행되어 왔으며, 본 논문에서는 전영역 탐색기반의 방법과 비교하여 예측화질은 거의 유지하면서 무의미한 계산량을 줄이는 방법을 제안한다. 제안하는 알고리즘은 각 후보 지점에 대하여 부분 블록 에러 합을 계산하고, 이에 따라 다음 단계에서 진행할 후보들을 선별하고, 최소 에러지점의 최적후보에 대해 단계별 안정성을 비교 판단하여 그 다음 단계의 진행 여부를 결정함으로써 최적의 움직임 벡터를 계산한다. 이를 통하여 전체의 최소블록매칭에러를 갖는 지점을 조기에 발견하고, 불필요한 후보들을 더 빨리 제거함으로써 불필요한 계산량을 줄이고 계산속도 향상을 얻을 수 있다. 또한 제안하는 알고리즘은 단독으로 사용할 뿐만 아니라 기존의 고속 알고리즘들과 결합하여 사용해도 예측화질은 거의 유지하면서 계산량을 대폭 줄일 수 있으며, 실험결과에서 이를 검증한다.

• 한국수학사학회지
• /
• 제19권3호
• /
• pp.1-20
• /
• 2006

조선(朝鮮) 시대 수학에 관계된 행정 업무는 취재(取才)에 의하여 뽑힌 중인(中人) 산원(算員)들에 의하여 이루어졌다. 이들은 호조(戶曹)에 속하며, 직위는 계사(計士), 별제(別提), 훈도(訓導), 교수(敎授)이다. 산원(算員)들의 교육과 취재를 위하여 훈도(訓導)와 교수(敎授)들의 역할은 매우 중요하다. 주학선생안(籌學先生案)과 주학입격안(籌學入格案)을 통하여 훈도(訓導)와 교수(敎授)를 조사한다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제6권4호
• /
• pp.497-507
• /
• 1993

Four truncation selection schemes (SSs) were framed to predict and compare the age structures and genetic responses under the influence of various factor employing the scheme-specific algorithms. Two paths of selection, sires (bulls' sires) and dams (bulls' dams) to breed young bulls were considered. Among variable factors, four levels (0.3, 0.5, 0.7, 0.9) of precision of evaluation, five levels (0.0, 0.05, 0.10, 0.15, 0.20 genetic standard deviation) of genetic differences among age classes and 4 levels of proportions selected (for bulls' sire, 0.05, 0.10, 0.125, 0.25, and for bulls' dams 0.02, 0.04, 0.05, and 0.10) contemplated on both paths of selection. The number of age classes for bulls' dams and bulls' sires were 4 or 8 and 2 or 4, respectively. The stayability across age classes for bulls' dams was assumed to be 0.80 or 0.60. The candidates for selection for bulls' sires were equally distributed (0.5 or 0.25) across the age classes. The SS1 (selection on same proportions as candidates' distribution) revealed longest generation lengths and lowest yearly genetic responses. The average ages were youngest and yearly genetic responses were highest in SS4 (selection at each age-specific truncation point with the same average genetic superiority of selected parents across the ages) and followed by SS3 (selection at each agespecific truncation point with same predicted genetic values) and SS2 (selection at common truncation point on phenotypic values) in a population with overlapping generations. The results revealed the importance of choosing suitable selection scheme to acquire maximum yearly genetic responses especially when the genetic differences among age classes are large and the precision of evaluation is relatively low.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
• /
• 제11권5호
• /
• pp.384-392
• /
• 2011

경찰은 시민의 가장 가까운 곳에서 시민의 생명과 재산을 지키는 형사사법기관이다. 따라서, 다른 여타의 공무원들이나 직군에 비해서 높은 윤리성과 봉사성이 필요하다. 우리나라뿐만 아니라 세계 각국에서는 경찰공무원을 임용할 때, 무엇보다도 엄격하고 까다로운 기준과 절차를 통해서 선발한다. 이러한 맥락에서, 본 연구에서는 경찰 선진국인 미국 경찰관들의 모집 및 선발 실태를 분석하였다. 본 연구에서 제시한 미국 신임경찰관 채용 과정은 통상적으로 모집공고 및 활동, 지원서 접수, 필기 및 적성검사, 육체 민첩성 테스트, 심리 테스트, 구술고사, 신원조회, 거짓말 탐지기를 이용한 조사, 그리고 건강검진 등의 절차를 거치게 된다. 미국 경찰공무원 선발제도 중에서 가장 큰 특징은 많은 경찰조직에서 지원자의 정직성 및 도덕성을 검증하기 위하여 거짓말 탐지기를 활용한다는 점이다. 또한 미국은 불법적인 약물남용이 많기 때문에 지원자들은 반드시 약물 테스트를 위해 소변이나 머리카락을 제출해야 한다. 한국에서도 경찰관 선발시험은 지원자의 실력과 자격을 정확하게 파악할 수 있어야 하고, 아울러 현대사회가 요청하는 경찰공무원을 선발할 수 있도록 적성검사를 새롭게 구성해야 할 것이다. 또한 적성검사의 한계를 극복하는데 미국의 사례와 같이 거짓말탐지기 조사를 적극적으로 검토할 필요성이 제기된다.

• 한국통신학회논문지
• /
• 제32권8C호
• /
• pp.767-774
• /
• 2007

DSTTD(double space time transmit diversity) 시스템을 위한 새로운 안테나 선택과 뒤섞는 방법을 제안한다. 제안한 방법은 안테나 뒤섞는 방법만을 이용하는 기존 DSTTD 방식과 다르게 여러 신호를 동일한 안테나로 송신하는 것을 허용한다. 이러한 기법을 통하면 기존 방법에 비해 1.8 dB 정도의 신호 대 잡음비 이득을 얻을 수 있다. 제안찬 기법의 단점으로 안테나 선택과 뒤섞는 가짓수가 단순히 뒤섞기만 수행한 가짓수에 비해 많다는 것인데 이를 성능 열화 거의 없이 여섯 가지로 줄일 수 있음을 보인다. 제안한 방식을 컴퓨터 모의실험을 통하여 비교한 결과, 기존 DSTTD 방식뿐만 아니라 기존 시공간 블록 코드(space time block code: STBC)와 공간 다중화(spatial multiplexing) 방식보다도 우수함을 확인 할 수 있었다.

• 한국산업보건학회지
• /
• 제24권1호
• /
• pp.91-102
• /
• 2014

Objectives: This study was performed in order to devise a procedure for supplementing the Special Management Materials in the Occupational Safety and Health Act and recommend candidate materials. The results are expected to be used as fundamental data for classification and criteria necessary to manage Special Management Materials in workplaces. Also, they are expected to be used as a basis for selecting target materials to nominate as additional Special Management Material. Methods: We investigated the selection standards for candidates and review ranges of data sources to nominate Special Management Materials. The substances classified as GHS(Globally Harmonized System of classification and labeling of chemicals) category 1A(known to have carcinogenic potential and reproductive toxicity for humans) or 1B(presumed to have carcinogenic potential and reproductive toxicity for humans) carcinogens and reproductive toxicants among the Controlled Hazardous Substances of the Regulation on Occupational Safety and Health Standards and substances with OELs(Occupational Exposure Limits) were inspected as the candidates for Special Management Materials. Conclusions: A seven-step procedure for selecting candidates to designate as Special Management Materials was suggested, including the setting of target chemicals for evaluation, classification of CMR(Carcinogens, Mutagens or Reproductive toxicants) by GHS classification and criteria, suggestion and selection of the candidates, and more. This study recommends 58 chemicals as qualified candidates to supplement the Special Management Materials.

• 천문학회보
• /
• 제38권2호
• /
• pp.50.2-50.2
• /
• 2013

Galaxy clusters, the largest gravitationally bound systems, are an important means to place constraints on cosmological models. Moreover, they are excellent places to test galaxy evolution models in connection to the environments. To this day, massive clusters have been found unexpectedly at high redshfit (Kang & Im 2009, Durret et al. 2011, Tashikawa et al. 2012), and evolution of galaxies in cluster has not been fully understood. Finding galaxy cluster candidates at z > 1 in wide, deep imaging survey data will enable us to solve such issues of modern extragalactic astronomy. We report new candidates of galaxy clusters in the wide and deep survey fields, European Large Area ISO Survey North1(ELAIS-N1) and North2(ELAIS-N2) fields, covering sky area of $8.75deg^2$ and $4.85deg^2$ each. We also suggest a new useful colour-colour selection technique to separate 1 < z < 2 galaxies from low-z galaxies by combining multi-wavelength data from the UKIRT Infrared Deep Sky Survey Deep Extragalactic Survey (UKIDSS DXS, JK bands), Spitzer Wise-area InfraRed Extragalactic survey (SWIRE, Optical-Infrared bands), Canada France Hawaii Telescope (CFHT, z band) and Infrared Medium-deep Survey(IMS, J band).