• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.271-282
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• 2019

Knowing the response of buildings to earthquakes is very important in order to ensure that a structure is able to withstand a given level of ground shaking. Thus, nonlinear dynamic earthquake engineering analyses are unavoidable and are preferable procedure in the seismic assessment of buildings. In order to estimate seismic performance on the basis of the hazard at the site where the structure is located, the selection of appropriate seismic input is known to be a critical step while performing this kind of analysis. In this paper, seismic analysis is performed for a four-story reinforced concrete ISPRA frame structure which is designed according to Eurocode 8 (EC8). A total of 90 different earthquake scenarios were selected, 30 for each of three target spectrums, EC8 spectrum, Uniform Hazard Spectrum (UHS), and Conditional Mean Spectrum (CMS). The aim of this analysis was to evaluate the average maximum Inter-story Drift Ratio (IDR) for each target spectrum. Time history analysis for every earthquake record was obtained and, as a result, IDR as the main measure of damage were presented in order to compare with defined performance levels of reinforced concrete bare frames.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제53권4호
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• pp.1331-1344
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• 2021

This study is to evaluate the seismic capacity of the fire-damaged cabinet facility in a nuclear power plant (NPP). A prototype of an electrical cabinet is modeled using OpenSees for the numerical simulation. To capture the nonlinear behavior of the cabinet, the constitutive law of the material model under the fire environment is considered. The experimental record from the impact hammer test is extracted trough the frequency-domain decomposition (FDD) method, which is used to verify the effectiveness of the numerical model through modal assurance criteria (MAC). Assuming different temperatures, the nonlinear time history analysis is conducted using a set of fifty earthquakes and the seismic outputs are investigated by the fragility analysis. To get a threshold of intensity measure, the Monte Carlo Simulation (MCS) is adopted for uncertainty reduction purposes. Finally, a capacity estimation model has been proposed through the investigation, which will be helpful for the engineer or NPP operator to evaluate the fire-damaged cabinet strength under seismic excitation. This capacity model is presented in terms of the High Confidence of Low Probability of Failure (HCLPF) point. The results are validated by the proper judgment and can be used to analyze the influences of fire on the electrical cabinet.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.563-576
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• 2021

The rocking foundation is effective for reducing structural seismic demand and avoiding overdesign of the foundation. It is crucial to evaluate the performance of rocking foundations because they cause plastic hinging in the soil. In this study, to derive optimized ground motion intensity measures (IMs) for rocking foundations, the efficiency of IMs correlated with engineering demand parameters (EDPs) was estimated through the coefficient determination using a physical modeling database for rocking shallow foundations. Foundation deformations, the structural horizontal drift ratio, and contribution in drift from foundation rotation and sliding were selected as crucial EDPs for the evaluation of rocking foundation systems. Among 15 different IMs, the peak ground velocity exhibited the most efficient parameters correlated with the EDPs, and it was discovered to be an efficient ground motion IM for predicting the seismic performance of rocking foundations. For vector regression, which uses two IMs to present the EDPs, the IMs indicating time features improved the efficiency of the regression curves, but the correlation was poor when these are used independently. Moreover, the ratio of the column-hinging base shear coefficient to the rocking base shear coefficient showed obvious trends for the accurate assessment of the seismic performance of rocking foundation-structure systems.

• 조명전기설비학회논문지
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• 제22권12호
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• pp.150-156
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• 2008

최근 한반도 주변국인 일본, 중국 등에서 크고 작은 지진 발생으로 많은 인명 및 재산 피해를 보고 있다. 국내에서도 지진 발생 횟수가 꾸준히 증가하여 이에 대한 대책을 세우기 위해 자연재해대책법에서 지진 관련 부분을 지진재해대책법으로 2008년 3월에 제정하여 세부시설에 대한 지진 대책 제시 및 이를 강화하고 있다. 본 논문은 지진 발생시 건축물에서 위급상황에 대한 대처 및 여러 가지 구제 활동에 필수적인 전원공급 장치인 수변전실의 전기설비 지진 대책에 관하여 국내 현황 및 문제점을 분석하려다. 또한 국외의 전기설비에 대한 내진 설계 및 시설에 관한 규정을 조사 분석하여 국내 건축물 수변전설비의 내진 설계 및 시공 방향을 제시하였다. 추후로 건축물 수변전실의 전기설비 내진설계 방법 제시 및 그에 따른 시공의 신뢰성 검증을 위한 검사 점검 부분에 대한 연구가 필요하다고 판단된다.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.629-637
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• 2018

In recent years, selection of strong ground motion records by means of intensity measures representing the spectral shape of the earthquake excitation has been studied by many researchers. These studies indicate the adequacy of this record selection approach in reduction of the scattering of seismic responses. In present study, this method has been studied more in depth to reveal the sufficiency of the spectral shape in predicting structural seismic responses such as the plastic deformation and the dissipated hysteresis energy which are associated with cumulative properties of the selected records. For this purpose, after selecting the records based on the spectral shape, the correlation of some seismic responses and strong ground motion duration of earthquake records are explored. Findings indicate strong correlation of some structural responses with the significant duration of the records. This fact implies that the spectral shape could not reflect all characteristics of the strong ground motion and emphasizes the importance of additional criteria along with the spectral shape in the record selection.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 2006년도 춘계학술발표회 논문집(I)
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• pp.546-549
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• 2006

A series of seismic tests was carried out using piezoelectric elements called "bender elements". A pair of bender elements can be used as a source and a receiver respectively to measure dynamic properties of concrete. The most suitable bender elements were developed and implemented to measure P wave velocity changes due to the cracks of a concrete beam caused by bending.

• 콘크리트학회논문집
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.187-196
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• 2016

KBC2009에 의하면 특수전단벽과 연결되는 폭이 좁고 춤이 높은 연결보는 대각선 다발철근 보강을 실시해야 한다. 그러나 대각선 다발 철근의 사용은 시공성과 경제성에 부정적인 영향을 미칠 것으로 예상된다. 이에 본 연구에서는 4개의 서로 다른 상세를 갖는 연결보를 대상으로 주기하중 재하 실험을 실시하여 각각의 성능을 평가하였다. 또한 그 실험결과를 바탕으로 하여 특수전단벽과 연결보로 이루어진 병렬전단벽 구조시스템을 구성하여 FEMA P695에 따른 방법론으로 내진성능평가를 실시하였다.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.267-277
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• 2017

Base-isolation is now being adopted as a retrofitting strategy to improve seismic behaviour of reinforced concrete (r.c.) framed structures subjected to far-fault earthquakes. However, the increase in deformability of a base-isolated framed building may lead to amplification in the structural response under the long-duration horizontal pulses of high-magnitude near-fault earthquakes, which can become critical once the strength level of a fire-weakened r.c. superstructure is reduced. The aim of the present work is to investigate the nonlinear seismic response of fire-damaged r.c. framed structures retrofitted by base-isolation. For this purpose, a five-storey r.c. framed building primarily designed (as fixed-base) in compliance with a former Italian seismic code for a medium-risk zone, is to be retrofitted by the insertion of elastomeric bearings to meet the requirements of the current Italian code in a high-risk seismic zone. The nonlinear seismic response of the original (fixed-base) and retrofitted (base-isolated) test structures in a no fire situation are compared with those in the event of fire in the superstructure, where parametric temperature-time curves are defined at the first level, the first two and the upper levels. A lumped plasticity model describes the inelastic behaviour of the fire-damaged r.c. frame members, while a nonlinear force-displacement law is adopted for the elastomeric bearings. The average root-mean-square deviation of the observed spectrum from the target design spectrum together with a suitable intensity measure are chosen to select and scale near- and far-fault earthquakes on the basis of the design hypotheses adopted.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.35-42
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• 2021

본 연구에서는 NFPA 13을 참조하여 구조물 2층을 구현한 강재지그를 제작하였으며, 그루브 조인트의 배관연결재가 적용된 배관계통을 구성하고 정적 반복가력에 의한 지진모사실험을 수행하였다. 지진모사실험은 엑츄에이터로 건축물 내진설계기준의 최대허용 층간변위에 대한 반복가력실험을 수행하였다. 지진하중 발생 시 입상배관의 구조물에 대한 변형 또는 구조부재간의 상대변위에 의한 변위지배적인 거동에 따른 배관계통과 주요 배관요소의 지진거동을 분석하였다. 배관계통의 변형각은 기존의 센서를 이용하여 측정하기가 어려우므로 이미지측정시스템을 적용하였다.

• 한국지진공학회논문집
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.13-22
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• 2022

This study proposes a low-cycle fatigue life derived from measurement points on pipe elbows, which are components that are vulnerable to seismic load in the interface piping systems of nuclear power plants that use seismic isolation systems. In order to quantitatively define limit states regarding leakage, i.e., actual failure caused by low-cycle fatigue, in-plane cyclic loading tests were performed using a sine wave of constant amplitude. The test specimens consisted of SCH40 6-inch carbon steel pipe elbows and straight pipes, and an image processing method was used to measure the nonlinear behavior of the test specimens. The leakage lines caused by low-cycle fatigue and the low-cycle fatigue curves were compared and analyzed using the relationship between the relative deformation angles, which were measured based on each of the measurement points on the straight pipe, and the moment, which was measured at the center of the pipe elbow. Damage indices based on the combination of ductility and dissipation energy at each measurement point were used to quantitatively express the time at which leakage occurs due to through-wall cracking in the pipe elbow.