• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.480-487
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• 2006

본 연구는 발아율이 낮고 발아가 불균일할 뿐만 아니라 발아소요기간이 긴 고로쇠나무 종자의 발아율 및 발아속도를 향상시키고자 PEG를 이용한 priming 처리를 실시하였던 바 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 수분퍼텐셜을 0, -0.25, -0.5, -1.0, -2.0MPa로 각각 조절한 PEG 용액에 3일 동안 침지시켜 priming 처리한 고로쇠나무 종자는 무처리구에 비해 priming 처리구에서 발아율, 평균발아일수, 발아속도 및 발아균일지수가 향상되었다. 특히, -2.0MPa 처리구에서는 가장 높은 효과를 나타내었다. 또한 priming 처리는 무처리구에 비해 휴면율이 낮게 나타나 휴면타파에 효과가 있음을 알 수 있었다. Priming 처리가 종자발아 뿐만 아니라 유묘활력에도 영향을 미치는지 알아보고자 priming 처리 후 발아된 종자로부터 생장한 유묘를 대상으로 상대생장율 및 T/R율을 조사한 결과 -2.0MPa 처리구의 유묘에서 상대생장율은 가장 높고 T/R율은 가장 낮은 것으로 관찰되었다. 이러한 결과로부터 -2.0MPa의 수분퍼텐셜에서 3일 동안 priming 처리하는 것이 고로쇠나무 종자에 있어 가장 합리적인 종자처리 방법이라 할 수 있었다.

• 아시안잔디학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.21-28
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• 1999

The seeds of Zoysiagrass (Zoysia japonica Steud.) were soaked with GA3 50 ppm and primed with CaCl2 at -1.0 MPa for 4days at 23$^{\circ}C$ to identify presoaking and priming regimes that may improve germination in saline condition and with PEG 8000 at high temperature. Presoaked, primed, and untreated seeds were then germinated at 30 and $35^{\circ}C$. NaCl salinity stress consistently decreased the rate of germination of zoysiagrass seed. GA3 or CaCl2 alleviated the inhibitory effect of salinity on germination. However, total percent germination (G) and T50 of untreated control seeds significantly decreased and prolonged at $30^{\circ}C$ and $35^{\circ}C$ as NaCl salinity stress increased. Presoaked seeds with GA3 50 ppm for 4 days at $23^{\circ}C$ had significantly higher germination and lower T50 than untreated or primed with CaCl2 at -1.0 MPa for 4days at $23^{\circ}C$m and overcame the inhibitory effect of germination derived from PEG 8000. In addition, presoaked seed had higher, faster, and more uniform germination than untreated seeds after sowing in growing media in greenhouse.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2017년도 9th Asian Crop Science Association conference
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• pp.216-216
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• 2017

Primed seeds germinate faster and uniformly, since these have already started imbibition and metabolism requiring to complete germination. Several factors such as solution composition, osmotic potential, and treatment duration affect seed priming response. Water potentials of priming solution and germination response of primed seed were investigated to clarify the effects different inorganic salt types and the duration. Pepper seeds were primed in osmotic solutions that were osmotic potential ranged -1.54 to -0.45 MPa in an aerated solution of polyethylene glycol 8000 (PEG; 17%, 22%, 27%), and inorganic salt solution of $KNO_3$, $K_2SO_4$, and $Na_2SO_4$ (100, 200, 300mM) in aerated condition. The seeds were treated at $20^{\circ}C$ for 4, 6 day (D) and stepwise duration combined concentration of 100mM (2 or 4 days) and 300mM(2 or 4days). After soaking treatment, seeds were washed with distilled water and then were dried to approximately 6% moisture content in dry chamber at $25^{\circ}C$. The germination of seed was characterized by ISAT rules at $20^{\circ}C/30^{\circ}C$ and $15^{\circ}C$. Total germination percentage (GP), mean germination time (MGT), germination uniformity (GU), germination rate (GR), and health seedling percent (HS) were calculated on the germinated seed in a 14-day period. Seed water potential (${\psi}$) was correlated with water potential of priming solution ($r^2=0.84$). The effect of seed priming on germination varies with inorganic salt and organic agents (PEG). Germination percentage (GP, 77 and 73%), GR (21.3 and $19.4 %{\cdot}day^{-1}$), and HS (58 and 52 %) was greatest and lowest MGT (4.2 and 4.8 day) when they were primed in 100mM $K_2SO_4$ (${\psi}=-0.45MPa$), and 100mM $KNO_3$ (${\psi}=-0.52MPa$) for 6 days compared to untreated control (67% GP, $19.7%{\cdot}day^{-1}\;GR$, 18% HS, and 10.8 day MGT) in $15^{\circ}C$ chamber. Water potential less then -1.2MPa of osmotic solution resulted lower GP, GR and HS and in $K_2SO_4$ and $KNO_3$. However, stepwise treatment of water potential that changed solution as 100mM for 4 D + 300mM for 2 D or 300mM for 4 D + 100mM for 2 D) were not better than single concentration alone in germination characteristics.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2017년도 9th Asian Crop Science Association conference
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• pp.214-214
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• 2017

Seeds of Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) have demanded high quality because of their high cost of seed. The optimization of the seed priming techniques that have positive effect on fast and uniform germination becomes important at the commercial level. Several factors such as solution composition, osmotic potential, and treatment duration affect seed priming response. In this study, osmotic potentials of priming solution and germination characteristics of primed seed were investigated to clarify the effects different inorganic salt types and the duration. Tomato seeds were primed in osmotic solutions that were osmotic potential ranged -1.54 to -0.45 MPa in an aerated solution of PEG 8000 (17%, 22%, 27%), and inorganic salt solution of $KNO_3$, $Na_2SO_4$, and $K_2SO_4$ (100, 200, 300mM). The seeds were treated at $20^{\circ}C$ for 2, 4, and 6 days. After each treatment, the seeds were dried to moisture content ranged 5-8% at $25^{\circ}C$. Four replications of 25 seeds per each treatments were placed in 10-cm petri dishes containing two filter papers and 3 ml of $dH_2O$ and incubated at $20^{\circ}C/30^{\circ}C$ and $15^{\circ}C$ and seedlings evaluated for abnormality after 14 days of incubation. Seed water potential (${\psi}$) was correlated with water potential of priming solution ($r^2=0.86$). Seeds primed in 100mM $KNO_3$ resulted the highest germination rate (GR, $63.9 %{\cdot}day^{-1}$) and lowest mean germination time (MGT, 2.0 days) comparing to untreated control ($23.9%{\cdot}day^{-1}$ of germination rate and 4.1 days of MGT) at $20/30^{\circ}C$, even though 96% of germination percentage were not different. Seeds primed in 100mM $KNO_3$ (${\psi}=-0.45MPa$) for 4 days showed ${\psi}=-0.38MPa$. Priming in $Na_2SO_4$, $K_2SO_4$, and PEG solution for 6 days improved MGT and GR, but not significantly than 4 days of treatment. Additionally, stepwise osmotic solution treatment with 100mM and 300mM concentration for 6 day did not showed differences with single treatment. In relation to osmotic potentials, identical osmotic potential in different inorganic salt solution showed different effect on germination characteristics.

• 생물환경조절학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.135-142
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• 2004

본 연구는 당근과 양파에서 발아력 증진에 미치는 osmotic priming과 SMP효과를 비교하기 위해 수행되었다. Osmotic priming과 SMP 처리과정중 작물별 수분흡수율은 처리 1시간 후 급속한 수분흡수가 이루어졌고, 두 작물 모두 osmotic priming이 SMP보다 수분흡수 속도가 빨랐다. 이러한 경향은 처리 4시간까지 유지되었다. 처리최종일의 수분흡수율은 당근과 양파에서 osmotic priming이 SMP보다 2%높았다. Osmotic priming과 SMP 처리는 두 작물 모두 발아율을 향상시키지 못했지만 $T_{50}$ 및 MDG는 단축되어 조기발아 하였으며, 이러한 경향은 저온인 $15^{\circ}C$에서 더욱 현저하였다. Osmotic priming과 SMP 처리 후 초기함수율로 재건조하면 당근에서는 발아속도에 큰 차이가 없었으나, 양파에서는 표면건조에 비해 발아속도가 지연되었다. Osmotic priming과 SMP 상호처리간 발아력을 비교한 결과 두 작물 모두 SMP 처리가 osmotic priming보다 발아촉진에 효과적이었다. 당근과 양파종자를 osmotic priming과 SMP 처리하면 묘출현율도 향상되었고, 묘출현에 소요되는 일수를 단축시켜 신속한 묘출현을 유도하였다. 그러나 묘출현에 이은 유묘의 초기생육에는 통계적인 유의성은 인정되지는 않았으나 osmotic priming과 SMP 처리된 종자는 무처리에 비해 향상되었다.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제46권4호
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• pp.325-327
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• 2001

Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L. cv KF109) seeds were artificially aged in a controlled environment of 45$^{\circ}C$ and 80% relative humidity condition for different duration up to 14 days before priming in polyethylene glycol 6000 solution of equivalent osmotic potential of -0.8 MPa for 8 days at $25^{\circ}C$. The seeds aged only and primed after aging were germinated at 15$^{\circ}C$ and $25^{\circ}C$ to observe the priming effects on the germination of aged seeds at different temperature. The germination percentage of the aged seeds was rapidly dropped starting from 8 days of aging and mean germination time (T$_{50}$) was greatly increased, particularly in germination at 15$^{\circ}C$. The germination capacity was greatly restored in the primed seeds after aging, particularly in the seeds of longer aging and germinating at 15$^{\circ}C$.>.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제62권4호
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• pp.373-381
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• 2017

The main objective of this study was to increase the germination percentage of kenaf seeds with less number of times under non-saline and saline conditions. Therefore, the first goal was to assess the response of kenaf seeds to NaCl. The second goal was to evaluate the effects of $KNO_3$ on kenaf seed germination. The germination percentage exhibited a decreasing tendency in germination rate. Plant dry weight was approximately 0.2 g in all treatments at 5 days after germination. As time passed, the electrical conductivity (EC) value of hydro-priming (HP) consistently increased by 8.7 mS/cm at 24 hours of immersion. However, seeds primed with $KNO_3$ showed no difference in EC values even as times passed. Regarding the priming effect, priming in 100 mM $KNO_3$ concentration for 12 hours increased germination up to 85% in $H_20$ solution and in 0 mM $KNO_3$ concentration upto 73.8% under 0.3% NaCl solution, compared to that of Control. Germination synchronization, shoot length, and leaf unfolding of primed seeds were greater than those of the Control. In addition, main root and hair roots appeared more rapidly in the treated seeds and were more abundant compared to that of the Control. The T50 (times to reach 50% of the final germination percentage) of the Control in both $H_20$ and 0.3% NaCl solutions was 18 and 22 hours, respectively. However, when treated $KNO_3$ priming (0 to 100 mM) in $H_20$ and 0.3% NaCl solution, 9 hours was sufficient to reach T50. Primed (hydro-priming and $KNO_3$) seeds had a lower MDG (mean days untill germination; 0.6-0.62) compared to that of the Control (1.13-1.31) in $H_20$ and 0.3% NaCl solutions. Regarding dry weight of plants after priming, an increasing tendency after the priming treatment in the H20 solution was observed. Furthermore, no significant difference in plant dry weight under 0.3% NaCl stress was observed between the Control and primed seeds. Taken together, the results suggest that 50-100 mM $KNO_3$ priming for 24 hours optimize seed germination rate in less number of times of exposure with great vigor. Therefore, it is recommended for kenaf seed invigoration before planting.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.433-440
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• 2003

Osmotic priming과 SMP 처리과정 중 작물별 수분흡수율은 처리 후 3시간 이내에 대부분의 수분을 흡수하였다. 최종처리일의 두 처리간 종자함수율은 고추종자에서는 큰차이는 없었으나, 토마토에서는 osmotic priming이 SM보다 2.4% 높았다. Osmotic priming과 SMP 처리가 고추와 토마토에서 발아율을 향상시키지는 못했다. 그러나 osmotic priming과 SMP 처리 는 평균발아소요일수(MDG) 및 50% 발아에 소요되는 일수($T_{50}$)는 단축되어 조기발아를 유도하였다. 고추종자에서는 osmotic priming과 SMP 처리는 무처리 종자에 이하여 $T_{50}$이 $15^{\circ}C$에서 약 6일, $20^{\circ}C$에서는 약 5일, $25^{\circ}C$에서는 약 4.6일, $30^{\circ}C$에서는 약 4일 정도 단축되었고, 토마토 종자에서는 $15^{\circ}C$에서 3.3일, $20^{\circ}C$에서는 1.7일, $25^{\circ}C$에서는 1일,$30^{\circ}C$에서는 0.5일 정도 단축되었다. 이러한 발아촉진 효과는 불량발아 조건인 저온에서 뚜렷하였으나, 발아적온에 근접할수록 미약해지는 경향이었다. Osmotic priming과 SMP상호처리간 발아촉진 효과는 고추에서는 SMP 처리가 좋았고, 토마토에서는 큰 차이가 없었다. 종자처리 후 건조방법은 고추는 완전건조가 토마토에서는 표면건조가 조기발아 하는 경향이었다. Osmotic priming과 SMP 처리된 고추와 토마토 종자는 포장조건에서 묘출현을 향상시키지는 못했지만 출현속도를 단축시켜 신속한 묘출현을 유도하였다. 그러나 파종 후 35일 생육시킨 유묘의 초기생육은 osmotic priming과 SMP 처리에 의해 향상되는 경향이었으나 그 효과는 미약하였다.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.277-284
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• 2006

종자의 priming은 유식물의 초기 정착에 중요한 기술 중의 하나이다. 따라서 본 시험에서는 목초의 주요 초종인 톨 페스큐, 오처드그라스, 알팔파 및 화이트 클로버의 발아율 향상과 균일도 증가를 위하여 priming 약제의 종류와 농도를 달리하여 발아율을 조사하였다. 본 시험은 분할구 배치법으로 주구는 $KNO_3,\;KH_2PO_4,\;K_3PO_4,\;Ca(NO_3){_2}$ 및 PEG 약제를, 세구는 50mM(또는 10%), 100mM(또는 20%) 및 200mM(또는 30%)의 약제농도를 두었다. Priming 목초의 발아율은 약제의 종류 및 농도에 따라 다르게 나타났다. 화본과 목초인 톨 페스큐는 $Ca(NO_3){_2}$와 $K_3PO_4$가 다른 약제보다 발아율이 높았으며, 오처드그라스는 약제간에 차이가 없었으나 $KH_2PO_4$가 다른 약제보다 발아율이 높았다. 한편 두과목초인 알팔파와 화이트 클로버는 모두 PEG에서 높은 발아율을 나타내었다. 한편 약제의 농도는 약제의 종류에 따라 달랐다. 이상의 결과를 종합해 보면 목초의 priming은 초종에 따라 적정 약제종류와 농도가 달랐다.

• 한국자원식물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국자원식물학회 2018년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.86-86
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• 2018

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of modified drum priming and 24-Epibrassinolide (24-EBL) treatment to improve the seed quality for export. 40, 50 and 60% seed moisture content (SMC) of hydrated seeds were incubated for 16 and 24 h in a container with a relative humidity of 99% at 26 rpm for a modified drum priming treatment. The treated seeds were sown at $20^{\circ}C$ and $30^{\circ}C$ (12/12h, light/dark) with four replications of 25 seeds on pleated paper. The seeds were hydrated with water or 24-EBL solutions of $10^{-7}$, $10^{-8}$ and $10^{-9}M$, respectively. The germination of the modified drum primed seeds (24 h incubation after 60% SMC hydration) improved to 1.6 days mean germination time (MGT) and $46%{\cdot}day^{-1}$ germination rate (GR), while the untreated seeds showed 2.1 days MGT and $28%{\cdot}day^{-1}$ GR. The modified drum priming (60% SMC and 24 h incubation with $10^{-9}M$ 24-EBL) showed improved results in MGT (1.8 days) and GR (55%) at $20^{\circ}C$, whereas untreated seeds showed 2.3 days MGT and 44% GR. Under $30^{\circ}C$, germination of modified drum primed seeds was significantly improved in GP (80%), GR ($31%{\cdot}day^{-1}$), HS (55%) and MGT (3.3 days), however, untreated seeds showed decreased GP (27%), GR ($22%{\cdot}day^{-1}$), HS (55%) and MGT (4.8 days). This study showed that the germination of lettuce seeds is enhanced by 24 h drum incubation with 24-EBL and this method can be used effectively to achieve the benefits of early germination and uniform seedling development. In addition, these treatments circumvent thermo-dormancy of lettuce seed and have a possibility of high-quality and environment-friendly seed processing.