• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.140-144
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• 2018

To investigate the impact of nitrogen (N) mineral on reproductive potential of Brassica napus L, plants were treated with different levels of N treatment ($N_0$; $N_{100}$; $N_{500}$). The half of N content for each treatment were applied at the beginning of the early vegetative stage and the rest was applied at the late vegetative stage. Nitrogen content in plant tissues such as root, stem and branch, leaf, pod and seed was analyzed and harvest index (HI) was calculated as percentage of seed yield to total plant weight. Biomass and nitrogen content were significantly affected by different levels of N supply. Biomass was significantly decreased by 59.2% in nitrogen deficiency ($N_0$) but significantly increased by 50.3% in N excess ($N_{500}$), compared to control ($N_{100}$). Nitrogen content in all organs was remarkably increased with nitrogen levels. N distribution to stem and branches, and dead leaves was higher in N-deficient ($N_0$) and N excessive plants ($N_{500}$) than in control ($N_{100}$). However, nitrogen allocated to seed was higher in control ($N_{100}$) than in other treatments ($N_0$ or $N_{500}$), accompanied by higher HI. These results indicate that the optimum level of N supply ($N_{100}$) improve HI and N distribution to seed and excessive N input is unnecessary.

• 한국식물병리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국식물병리학회 2003년도 정기총회 및 추계학술발표회
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• pp.119.2-120
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• 2003

Seed-borne fungal pathogens on rice seeds were investigated in order to evaluate their effect on rice grain quality. Rice seeds of two cultivars, Ilmibyeo and Daesanbyeo were collected from 27 areas of Korea and the fungal parasites on seeds were isolated by using a blotter method. Isolation frequency and number of species were varied from collection areas of seed samples. A total 13 species of fungi were identified from the seeds. Among them, Altemana alternata was the most frequent over the country. Bipoiaris oryzae most commonly from Gyeongbuk and Jeonbuk, Alternaria padwickii from Jeonbuk, and Nigrospora oryzae from Choongnam. However Bipolaris. oryzae, Alternaria padwickii, and Nigrospora oryzae were the most frequently isolated fungi from Gyeongbuk and Jeonbuk, and Chungnam, respectively. B. oryzae, A. alternata, A. padwickii, and N. oryzae were dominants on Ilmibyeo showing 10.3％, 10.2％, 5.2％, and 5.2％ infection rate, respectively. While, N. oryzae, A alternata, and Cladosporium sp. were most frequently isolated fungi from Deasanbyeo revealing 15.1％, 9.6％, and 7.5％ infection rate, respectively. These fungi inhabiting on hulls or endosperms of rice seed might be considered as potential factors decreasing rice grain quality. Further investigation of the fungi on grain rice quality are undergoing.

• 정보보호학회논문지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.405-413
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• 2016

본 논문에서는 선제 대응을 위한 의심 도메인 추론 방안을 제시한다. TLD Zone 파일과 WHOIS 정보를 이용하여 의심 도메인을 추론하며, 후보 도메인 탐색, 기계 학습, 의심 도메인 집단 추론의 세 과정으로 구성되어 있다. 첫 번째 과정에서는 씨앗 도메인과 동일한 네임 서버와 업데이트 시간을 가진 다른 도메인을 TLD Zone 파일로부터 추출하여 후보 도메인을 형성하며, 두 번째 과정에서는 후보 도메인의 WHOIS 정보를 정량화하여 유사한 집단끼리 군집화 한다. 마지막 과정에서는 씨앗 도메인을 포함하는 클러스터에 속한 도메인을 의심 도메인 집단으로 추론한다. 실험에서는 .COM과 .NET의 TLD Zone 파일을 사용하였으며, 10개의 알려진 악성 도메인을 씨앗 도메인으로 이용하였다. 실험 결과, 제안하는 방안은 55개의 도메인을 의심 도메인으로 추론하였으며, 그 중 52개는 적중하였다. F1은 0.91을 기록하였으며, 정밀도는 0.95을 보였다. 본 논문에서 제안하는 방안을 통해 악성 도메인을 추론하여 사전에 차단할 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권11호
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• pp.4929-4934
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• 2016

Cancer, a worldwide epidemic disease with diverse origins, involves abnormal cell growth with the potential to invade other parts of the body. Globally, it is the main cause of mortality and morbidity. To overcome the drawbacks of the commercially available chemotherapies, natural products-loaded nano-composites are recommended to improve cancer targetability and decrease the harmful impact on normal cells. This study aimed at exploring the anti-cancer impacts of Moringa oleifera seed oil in its free- (MO) and nano-formulations (MOn) through studying whether it mechanistically promotes mitochondrial apoptosis-mediating cell death. Mitochondrial-based cytotoxicity and flow cytometric-based apoptosis analyses were performed on cancer HepG2, MCF7, HCT 116, and Caco-2 cell lines against normal kidney BHK-21 cell line. The present study resulted that MOn triggered colorectal cancer Caco-2 and HCT 116 cytotoxicity via mitochondrial dysfunction more powerful than its free counterpart (MO). On the other side, MOn and MO remarkably induces HCT 116 mitochondrial apoptosis, while sparing normal BHK-21 cells with minimal cytotoxic effect. The present results concluded that nano-micelle of Moringa oleifera seed oil (MOn) can provide a novel therapeutic approach for colorectal and breast cancers via mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis, while sparing normal and even liver cancer cells a bit healthy or with minimal harmful effect. Intriguingly, MOn induced breast cancer not hepatocellular carcinoma cell death.

• Animal cells and systems
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.133-139
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• 2009

Green tea seed was extracted with absolute ethanol,and the green tea seed extract(GTSE)was subjected to assays for toxicity, antioxidant ability, angiogenesis inhibitory effects and cell adhesion, as well as western blotting, and an in vivo experiment against 4 high-ranking adult cancers in Korea. Our series of experimental data demonstrated that GTSE has an antioxidant ability superior to that of EGCG in the green tea leaf, and also exhibits a profound high tumor growth inhibitory activity on a variety of cancer cell lines, as well as nude mice infected with cancer cells. GTSE was identified as a natural anticancer compound showing excellent angiogenesis inhibition and cancer cell suppression abilities. Our preliminary observations also indicate that GTSE may be another potential source of natural dietary antioxidants and also may be applicable as a novel natural anticancer agent.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제37권6호
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• pp.411-419
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• 2012

Purpose: Nondestructive evaluation of seed viability is a highly demanded technique in the seed industry. In this study, hyperspectral imaging system was used for discrimination of viable and non-viable radish seeds. Method: The spectral data with the range from 400 to 1000 nm measured by hyperspectral reflectance imaging system were used. A calibration and a test models were developed by partial least square discrimination analysis (PLS-DA) for classification of viable and non-viable radish seeds. Either each data set of visible (400~750 nm) and NIR (750~1000 nm) spectra and the spectra of the combined spectral ranges were used for developing models. Results: The discrimination accuracy of calibration was 84% for visible range and 76.3% for NIR range. The discrimination accuracy of test was 84.2% for visible range and 75.8% for NIR range. The discrimination accuracies of calibration and test with full range were 92.2% and 92.5%, respectively. The resultant images based on the optimal PLS-DA model showed high performance for the discrimination of the nonviable seeds from the viable seeds with the accuracy of 95%. Conclusions: The results showed that hyperspectral reflectance imaging has good potential for discriminating nonviable radish seeds from massive amounts of viable seeds.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.132-137
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• 2003

국내에서 생산된 거봉 및 캠벨 포도의 씨, 줄기 및 껍질 추출물에 대하여 항산화 작용, 염증 관련 인자 생성에 미치는 활성 및 암세포 성장에 대한 영향 등을 resveratrol과 비교하여 평가하였다. 그 결과 포도 추출물 중 거봉줄기, 캠벨줄기, 캠벨씨 및 거봉씨 추출물들이 항산화 능력을 나타내었고 그 중 거봉씨 추출물은 vitamin C와 효력이 유사하게 나타나 항산화 효능이 우수함을 알 수 있었다. 또한 마우스 대식세포주인 RAW 264.7 cell을 이용하여 포도 추출물들의 LPS처리에 의한 $PGE_2$ 및 NO 생성을 저해 여부를 확인한 결과, 거봉줄기, 거봉씨, 및 캠벨씨 추출물이 $50\;{\mu}g/mL$에서 $PGE_2$ 및 NO 생성을 50% 가량 저해하는 효능을 나타내었다. 또한 사람 폐암 및 대장암 세포주를 이용하여 포도 추출물들이 암세포 성장 저해 효과를 나타내는지를 확인하였는데 거봉줄기 및 씨 추출물 $50\;{\mu}g/mL$에서 30% 정도의 암세포 성장 저해 작용을 나타내었다.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.297-304
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• 2016

The seed of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L) has been reported to suppress human cancer cell proliferation. However, the mechanisms by which safflower seed inhibits cancer cell proliferation have remained nuclear. In this study, the inhibitory effect of the safflower seed (SS) on the proliferation of human colorectal cancer cells and the potential mechanism of action were examined. SS inhibited markedly the proliferation of human colorectal cancer cells (HCT116, SW480, LoVo and HT-29). In addition, SS suppressed the proliferation of human breast cancer cells (MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7). SS treatment decreased cyclin D1 protein level in human colorectal cancer cells and breast cancer cells. But, SS-mediated downregulated mRNA level of cyclin D1 was not observed. Inhibition of proteasomal degradation by MG132 attenuated cyclin D1 downregulation by SS and the half-life of cyclin D1 was decreased in SS-treated cells. In addition, SS increased cyclin D1 phosphorylation at threonine-286 and a point mutation of threonine-286 to alanine attenuated SS-mediated cyclin D1 degradation. Inhibition of ERK1/2 by PD98059 suppressed cyclin D1 phosphorylation and downregulation of cyclin D1 by SS. In conclusion, SS has anti-proliferative activity by inducing cyclin D1 proteasomal degradation through ERK1/2-dependent threonine-286 phosphorylation of cyclin D1. These findings suggest that possibly its extract could be used for treating colorectal cancer.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.200-210
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• 2013

Biochemical characteristics of 24 Pongamia pinnata genotypes (candidate plus trees) from three agroclimatic zones were estimated and molecular characterization through RAPD markers was done. Various biochemical characters viz. seed oil, total carbohydrates, protein, acid value and Iodine number recorded significant variation among different genotypes. The highest seed oil content was 41.87% while seeds of 14 genotypes recorded above average (32.11%) for the trait. Seed oil and protein content exhibited a significant positive correlation and moderate heritability. Out of the initially selected twenty-five random primers, twenty-two RAPD primers were found to be highly reproducible and produced a total of 183 loci of which 147 (80.32%) loci were polymorphic. Percentage of polymorphism varied from 44% to 100% with an average of 80.62%. High level of genetic variation was found among different genotypes of P. pinnata. Both molecular and oil content (biochemical) markers appeared useful in analyzing the extent of genetic diversity in Pongamia and the result of these analyses will help to better understand the genetic diversity and relationship among populations. Overall, the Pongamia genotypes included in the study showed a correlation with their geographical origins such that genotypes from the same region tend to have higher genetic similarity as compared to those from different regions. However, in UPGMA based Nei's analysis, some genotypes were found not to be grouped based on geographical origins possibly due to the exchange of germplasm over time between farmers across the regions. The results from oil content analyses showed that several genotypes in 'Central and Western Plateau' agroclimatic zone of Jharkhand displayed a good potential for high oil content. The study provides insight about P. pinnata populations in Jharkhand (India) and constitutes a set of useful background information that can be used as a basis for future breeding strategy and improvement of the species.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2019년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.22-22
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• 2019

Green stem disorder (GSD) of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) is characterized by delayed senescence of stems with normal pod ripening and seed maturation (Hobbs, 2006). GSD complicates harvesting of soybeans by significantly increasing the difficulty in cutting the affected plants. There is also the potential for moisture in the stems to be scattered on the seed, reducing the grade and storability of the seed. Not only the cause of GSD is yet unknown, but also GSD cannot be evaluated until maturity, therefore the method to evaluate GSD in early growth stage with high sensitivity is necessary. In previous studies, it has been reported that vegetative storage protein (VSP) accumulates and the syndrome of GSD appears in soybean after depod treatment (Fischer, 1999). Soybean VSP is a storage protein which is abundant in young sink leaves and degraded during seed fill (Wittenbach, 1982). Hence, we have established a system to quantify VSP of high sensitivity by using standard protein made by genetically transformed E. coli and specific antibody against VSP, and studied the relationship between VSP and GSD, by depod experiment and drought/excess wet experiments. The result of depod experiment with the cultivar 'Yukihomare' was the same with the previous studies, VSP accumulated much more than control and the syndrome of GSD appeared in soybean in depod treatment. Drought and excess wet had different impact on GSD. Excess wet caused GSD of the cultivar 'Tachinagaha (GSD susceptible)', while drought caused a little syndrome of GSD in the cultivar 'Touhoku 129 (GSD resistant)'. The accumulation of VSP differed between the two cultivars over time. In conclusion, the accumulation of VSP came along with the emergence of GSD. Different cultivars showed different response to drought and excess wet. In the future, it is expected that the dynamics of VSP will be elucidated in detail, leading to the development of early diagnosis technology for green stem disorder and the elucidation of mechanism of soybean GSD.