• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.971-980
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• 2019

We profiled the health-promoting bioactive components in nine types of soybean seeds with different seed coat colors (yellow, green, brown, and black) and investigated the effects of different extraction solvents (methanol, ethanol, and water) on their antioxidant activities. The carotenoid and anthocyanin compositions varied greatly by seed color, and the phenolic acids, total phenol, and total flavonoid contents differed by genotype. The carotenoid content was relatively higher in soybean seeds with green and black seed coats than in those with a yellow seed coat while lutein was the most plentiful. The anthocyanin content was considerably higher in the soybean seed with the black seed coat. The results of the DPPH assay showed strong antioxidative activities in the methanol- and water-extracts compared to the ethanol-extract, irrespective of the seed coat colors. Moreover, the soybean seeds with the black seed coat exhibited the highest antioxidant activity among the samples, regardless of the extraction solvent used. Eighteen bioactive compounds were subjected to data-mining processes including principal component analysis and hierarchical clustering analysis. Multivariate analyses showed that brown and black seeds were distinct from the yellow and green seeds in terms of the levels of carotenoids and anthocyanins, respectively. These results help our understanding of the compositional differences in the bioactive components among soybean seeds of various colors, providing valuable information for future breeding programs that seek to enhance the levels of compounds with health benefits.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2017.06a
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• pp.31-31
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• 2017

Understanding the mechanism(s) to overcome or prevent seed ageing deterioration during storage is of fundamental interest to seed physiologists. Vitamin E (tocols) is known as a key metabolite to efficiently scavenge lipid peroxy radicals which cause membrane breakdown resulting in seed ageing. However, in rice research this hypothesis has been tested for very few lines only without considering intraspecific variation in genomic structure. Here, we present a correlation study between tocols and seed longevity using a diverse rice panel. Seeds of 20 rice accessions held in the International Rice Genebank at the International Rice Research Institute, representing aus, indica, temperate japonica and tropical japonica subpopulations, were used for tocols analysis (quantification of ${\alpha}$-, ${\beta}$-, ${\gamma}$-, ${\delta}$-tocopherol/tocotrienol by ultra performance liquid chromatography) and storage experiments at $45^{\circ}C$ and 10.9% seed moisture content (sample taken for germination testing every 3 days up to 60 days). To examine interactions between DNA sequences and phenotype, the 700k high-density single-nucleotide polymorphism marker data-set was utilized. Both seed longevity (time for viability to fall to 50%; $p_{50}$) and tocols content varied across subpopulations due to heterogeneity in the genetic architecture. Among eight types of tocol homologues, ${\alpha}$-tocopherol and ${\gamma}$-tocotrienol were significantly correlated with $p_{50}$ (negatively and positively, respectively). While temperate japonica varieties were most abundant in ${\alpha}$-tocopherol, indica varieties recorded 1.3 to 1.7-fold higher ${\gamma}$-tocotrienol than those of other subpopulations. It was highlighted that specific ratio of tocol homologues rather than total tocols content plays an important role in the seed longevity mechanism.

• 전자공학회논문지 IE
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.16-21
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• 2006

In this paper we proposed of the SEED cipher algorithm which improved cipher intensity. The proposed algorithm has input data of 192bit and key input data of 256bit and it performs 16 Rounds for improvement of cipher intensity. We simulated the algorithm employing C compiler and the Foundation Express Tool so that verified performance of it.

• Plant Resources
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.178-182
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• 2003

This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between yearly variations of climatic elements and yearly variations of productivity in perilla. In addition, correlation coefficients among yield and yield components were estimated. The data of yield and yield components were investigated for 10 years from 1991 to 2000. The meteorological data gathered at the Yeosu Weather Station for the same period were used to find out the relationships between climatic elements and productivity. Yearly variation of the amount of precipitation in September was large with coefficients of variation(c. v.) of 11.1%, but the coefficient of variance(c. v.) in July and August were relative small with 1.8, 2.1%, respectively. Number of cluster per hill and weight of 1,000 grains were greatly with c. v. of 76.1, 79.3%, respectively, but the coefficients of variance(c. v.) of plant height and seed yield were more less with 9.58, 10.60%, respectively. Correlation coefficients between precipitation of September and seed yield were positively significant correlation at the level of 5.1%, respectively, but the duration of sunshine in September and seed yield were negatively significant at the level of 5.1%, respectively. Correlation coefficients of these, the plant height, number of branches per plant, cluster length, number of cluster per hill, weight of 1,000 grains and seed yield were positively significant at the level of 5.1% respectively.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.25 no.9B
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• pp.1609-1617
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• 2000

In this paper a design of cryptographic coprocessor which implements SEED algorithm is described. To satisfy trade-off between area and speed, the coprocessor has structure in which 1 round operation is divided into three subrounds and then subround is executed for one clock. To improve clock frequency online precomputation scheme for round key is used. To apply the coprocessor to various applications, four operating modes such as ECB, CBC, CFB, and OFB are supported. Also to eliminate performance degradation due to data input and data output time between host computer and coprocesor, background input/output method is used. The cryptographic coprocessor is designed using $0.25{\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ CMOS technology and consists of about 29,300 gates. Its peak performance is about 237 Mbps encryption or decryption rate under 100 Mhz clock frequncy and ECB mode.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2013

This study was conducted to examine the relationship between cone abundance and cone/seed characteristics to improve seed quality and seed orchard management of Pinus koraiensis. The data was collected from P. koraiensis seed orchards at Chungju in 2007. That year was a rich year of cone harvest and the average number of cone per tree was 2.5 times much than that of normal year. We collected the cones from all trees in the sample plot of the seed orchard and investigated morphological characters such as cone length, cone width and cone weight. According to cone abundance per tree, the samples were divided into eight classes and analysed by cone analysis method. There is a decreasing tendency of number of fertile scale, seed potential, percent of filled seeds, seed weight per cone and seed efficiency, when the cone number per tree is increased. Additionally, the implications of the results to seed orchards management of P. koraiensis were discussed.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.66 no.4
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• pp.350-357
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• 2021

In the present study, the seed color of 200 common bean genetic resources was analyzed and located on the HTML color chart to classify these resources according to color characteristics. This classification method predicts the components of seed and may serve as a new method for efficiently using secured genetic resources. The imagary data of common bean exhibiting various seed colors were expressed using the HTML color chart. According to the proposed classification method, the seed color was distributed in seven categories: yellow-green, yellow, brown, red, white, gray, and indigo. In addition, the distribution of each seed color was according to its concentration. The distribution by concentration was the highest for red, whereas the distribution of gray and yellow-green was not concentration-dependent. As the dominant pigments based on color distribution, chlorophylls in yellow-green; carotenoids in yellow; and anthocyanins in brown, red, white, gray, and indigo significantly affected seed color. When expressed objectively, seed colors can be applied to the systematic management, breeding, and cultivation of genetic resources and can be useful for marketing or developing products of desired colors. This method can also be applied to other crops.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.11-18
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• 2014

Although assessing outdoor environment and green space in terms of sustainability and environmental performance is perceived as an important issue, most existing green building certification systems are more focused on buildings and indoor environment. Recently, the Sustainable Site Initiatives (SITES) has been developed by American Society of Landscape Architecture in order to evaluate sustainability of site development and outdoor environment. Separate from LEED, the SITES are increasingly receiving attentions as a reliable certification system in the United States. As a preliminary study to develop the items of outdoor environmental assessment, the present study is purposed to analyze the assessment items, grading system and applicability of SITES for better understanding on the system. Also it was compared to existing green building certification criteria, including G-SEED, LEED-NC, and LEED-ND in order to investigate similarities and discrepancies. The results would provide insights and basic data to improve assessment items for outdoor environment of G-SEED.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2002.06b
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• pp.125-128
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• 2002

This paper designed a cipher process, which used SEED-Algorithm that is totally domestic technique. This cipher processor is implemented by using SEED-cipher-Algorithm and pipeline scheduling architecture. The cipher is 16-round Feistel architecture but we show just 16-round Feistel architecture for brevity in this thesis. Of course, we can get the result of the 16-round processing by addition of control part simply. Furthermore, it has pipelined architecture, so the speed of cipher process is the faster than others when we performed a cipher a lot of data. The schedule-function can performed the two-cipher process simultaneously, such as using two-cipher processors.

• Laser Solutions
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.25-33
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• 2000

One of perspective direction of microfabrication is direct laser writing technology that allows to create metal, semiconductive and dielectric micropatterns on substrate surface. In this work, a two step method, the combination of seed forming process, in which metallic Al seed was selectively generated on AlN ceramic substrate by direct writing technique using a pulsed Nd : YAG laser and subsequent electroless Ni plating on the activated Al seed, was presented. The effects of laser parameters such as pulse energy, scanning speed and pulse frequency on shape of Alseed and conductor line after electroless Ni plating were investigated. The nature of the laser activated surface is analyzed from XPS data. The line width of this metallic Al and Ni is analyzed using SEM. As a results, Al seed line with 24㎛ width and 100㎛ isolated line space is obtained. Finally, laser direct writing can be applied in the field between thin and thick film technique in electronic industry.