• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.358-361
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• 2001

Factors affecting fruit conformation of 'Fuji' apples (Malus domestica Borkh.) were investigated through correlation study of fruit weight, seed numbers, and seed weight in relation to fruit conformation indices. Apples were harvested from two orchards in 'Andong' and 'Youngyang' areas at commercial maturity and grouped by fruit weight. Average number of seeds and seed weight were 8.9 and 0.64 g in 'Andong' orchard, while 6.3 and 0.47 g in 'Youngyang' orchard, respectively. When pooled data from the both orchards were analyzed, correlation of fruit weight with seed weight was significantly positive, whereas that with seed number was not significant. Fruit shape index determined by length/diameter ratio was positively correlated with fruit weight, while relationship of the shape index with seed number or with seed weight was not significant. Asymmetry index tended to be low in apples from the 'Andong' orchard in which higher seed numbers and seed weight were observed. The asymmetry index showed highly negative correlations with seed numbers and with seed weight.

• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Structure & Construction
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• v.35 no.10
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• pp.225-234
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• 2019

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the additional construction cost of G-SEED certification for domestic office building reflecting the latest standard(G-SEED 2016-2), and to derive cost impact by category and level. Therefore, it is intended to provide quantitave cost data according to G-SEED certification at the planning phase of the project, estimate the additional construction cost per level according to G-SEED Certification of similar project to be carried out in the future, and encourage G-SEED certification by supporting the decision of the owners. Method: The Process and method of this study are summarized in five steps, 1) Review of previous research, 2) Selection of target project, 3) Scenario setting by level, 4) Additional construction cost for each evaluation category, 5) Extraction of additional construction cost ratio by level. Result: This paper analyzed the cost impact by deriving the additional construction cost of detailed category for level improvement according to the revised G-SEED certification(G-SEED 2016-2). In conclusion, an additional construction cost(ratio) of G-SEED projects to the reference building is drawn as good level; 157,426,241 KWN(+0.43%), very good level; 321,907,802 KWN(+0.88%), excellent level; 999,371,478 KWN(+2.74%), and outstanding level; 1,467,047,718 KWN(+4.02%).

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.332-337
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• 2007

In the early twenty-first century, minimally invasive surgery is the mainstay of various kinds of surgical fields. Surgeons gave percutaneously surgical treatment of the screw directly using a fluoroscopic view in the past. The latest date, they began to operate the fractured carpal bone surgery using Computerized Tomography (CT). Carpal bones composed of wrist joint consist of eight small bones which have hexahedron and sponge shape. Because of these shape, it is difficult to grasp the shape of carpal bones using only CT image data. Although several image segmentation studies have been conducted with carpal bone CT image data, more studies about carpal bone using CT data are still required. Especially, to apply the software implemented from the studies to clinical fIeld, the outcomes should be user friendly and very accurate. To satisfy those conditions, we propose modified multi-seed region growing segmentation method which uses simple threshold and the canny edge detector for finding edge information more accurately. This method is able to use very easily and gives us high accuracy and high speed for extracting the edge information of carpal bones. Especially, using multi-seed points, multi-bone objects of the carpal bone are extracted simultaneously.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.207-214
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• 2017

There is little information about the seed longevity of wild plants, although seed bank storage is an important tool for biodiversity conservation. This study was conducted to predict the seed viability equation of Agastache rugosa. The A. rugosa seeds were stored at moisture contents ranging from 2.7 to 12.5%, and temperatures between 10 and $50^{\circ}C$. Viability data were fitted to the seed viability equation in a one step and two step approach. The A. rugosa seeds showed orthodox seed storage behaviour. The viability constants were $K_E=6.9297$, $C_W=4.2551$ $C_H=0.0329$, and $C_Q=0.00048$. The P85 of A. rugosa seeds was predicted to 152 years under standard seed bank conditions. The P85 predicted by seed viability equation can be used as basic information for optimization of seed storage processes.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.69-85
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• 2003

In this paper, we discuss a validation test for cryptographic algorithms. The cryptographic algorithms decide on the security and the confidence of a security system protecting sensitive information. So. the implementation of cryptographic algorithms is very critical of the system. The validation lest specifies the procedures involved in validating implementations of the cryptographic standards and provides conformance testing for components or procedures of the algorithm. We propose a SEED Validation System(SVS) to verify that the implementation correctly performs the SEED algorithm. The SVS is composed of two types of validation tests, the Known Answer test and the Monte Carlo test. The System generates the testing data for the Known Answer tests and the random data for the Monte Carlo tests. This system can be used to validate and certify the cryptographic product.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.57-74
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• 2022

Seed zones were constructed using temperature and precipitation data for the Korean Peninsula and were described as 65 zones. Seed zones for South Korea were reclassified, and they were classified into 34 districts. This study was conducted to define the spread of 5 native seed species (Pinus densiflora, Quercus acutissima, Quercus variabilis, Acer pictum, Carpinus tschonoskii) by linking the seed zones with MaxEnt. The emergence point of native seeds was acquired through the 1:5,000 Forest Type Map and the 4th national natural environment survey data. Based on the MaxEnt result, regions with a habitat probability of 0.5 or more were extracted and overlapped with seed zones to identify the native seed habitat. After analyzing the climate regions with high habitat density, regions with high habitat density of native seeds for each administrative district were identified. In the case of Pinus densiflora, Quercus acutissima, and Quercus variabilis, the Winter minimum temperature(WMT) -9.4~-6.6℃, Annual Heat:Moisture(AH:M) 19~24℃/m was 37%, 43%, and 34%, respectively. occupied the largest area. In Acer pictum, WMT -6.6~-3.8℃ and AH:M 16~19℃/m accounted for 42% of the area, and Carpinus tschonoskii had WMT -3.8~-1.1℃, AH:M <16℃/m Districts accounted for the largest area at 33%. The regions with high density of Pinus densiflora, Quercus acutissima, and Quercus variabilis by administrative district were distributed in high density in Seoul, Southern Gyeonggi-do, Chungcheong-do, and Gyeongsangbuk-do. Acer pictum was distributed in high density in Jeolla-do and Gyeongsang-do, and Carpinus tschonoskii in Jeju, Jeollanam-do and Gyeongsangnam-do. Through this study, seed zones for each of the 5 native seeds were established, and it is expected to provide basic data for the management of native seeds.

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.411-420
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• 2003

To examine the seed morphology in Korean Orobanchaceae, seeds of 5 species including 1 variety in five genera and one related taxon, Boschniakia himalaica Hook. f. & Thomson in Hook. f. from the Himalaya (7 taxa in total) were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Two different seed types are recognized depending on three characters (e.g, .the seed size, seed coat structure and seed number per fruit). - Type I: size less than 1mm, seed coat structure reticulate and seed number per fruit more than ca. 1,000; Type II: size more than 1 mm, exotesta irregularly crested and seed number per fruit less than 1,000 (Lathraea japonicu Miq.). In Type I, three subtypes of exotesta internal surface pattern can also be classified; (1) Subtype Ia: reticulate - include irregularly striate (Ia') and deeply reticulate (Ia"), (2) Subtype Ib: foveolate, (3) Subtype Ic: smooth. Systematics application of the seed morphological data for the Korean Orobanchaceae is also briefly discussed.

• BMB Reports
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.166-171
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• 2001

The levels of $\gamma$-aminobutyric acid (GAGA) have been analyzed from pharbitis seeds by an AccQ-Tag amino acid analysis procedure. The GABA level of the pharbitis seeds was 125 nmole per gram fresh weight. To investigate the effects of pharbitis seed diets on serum and hepatic lipid levels, as well as enzyme activities of rats administered with ethanol chronically, Sprague-Dawley male rats were fed with either a AIN-76 diet (control), a control diet plus ethanol, a control plus pharbitis seed diet, or a control plus pharbitis seed diet plus ethanol for 30 days. Pharbitis seed diets decreased the serum total cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL-cholesterol, and $\gamma$-GTP levels that were increased by the chronic ethanol administration. In addition, pharbitis seed diets decreased the liver triglyceride and total lipid levels that were increased by the ethanol administration. However, ethanol metabolism was not retarded by the pharbitis seed supplemented diets. The present Endings, plus previous data showing the differences in the effects of cabbage diets having a high or a low level of GABA on the lipid levels and the enzyme activities of rats (Cha and Oh [2000] J. Korean Soc. Food Sci. Nutr. 29, 500-505), raise the possibility that GABA in plants could have a nutraceutical role in the recovery of chronic alcohol-related diseases.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2002.06b
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• pp.313-316
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• 2002

(Korea Information Security Agency) is designed by using VHDL to Implement hardware architecture It has been adopted by most of the security systems in Korea SEED Is designed to utilize the S-boxes and permutations that balance with the current computing technology It has the Feistel structure with 16 rounds The same procedure for data encryption and decryption makes possible an easy and practical hardware implementation. The primary functions used In SEED are F function and G function. This paper proposes an Iterative architecture of F function, a modified architecture of G function and an Iterative architecture of key scheduling algorithm. The designed SEED encrypts and decrypts exactly the test vectors It is expected to extend to various application fields If the design of control blocks Is added.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.535-542
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• 2000

Canola meal and seed are poor sources of ruminal undegraded protein (RUP). On average, canola meal and canola seed contains 35 and 14% RUP, respectively. Several protection methods are effective in reducing ruminal degradation of canola protein and in increasing RUP without affecting total tract protein digestibility. Heat (e.g., dry heat, moist heat and jet-sploding) and chemical (e.g., formaldehyde) treatments are the most common methods used to reduce ruminal degradability of canola protein. In most cases, heat treatments were found to be more effective than chemical treatments in protecting canola protein form ruminal degradation. Despite improvement in RUP content and intestinal availability of RUP, data form several studies showed little or no improvement in animal performance as a result of increasing the RUDP level of canola meal and seed.