• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
• /
• v.11 no.3
• /
• pp.264-271
• /
• 1998

This study was conducted to investigate morphological characteristics of Korean local garlic varieties and to define the genetic variability and the correlations amongthe characters associated with yield. The plant height, the leaf sheath diameter, the nubmer of leaves, and bulb weight were significantly increased in the garlic plants from heavier seed bulbs. The proportation of six clove bulbs was more than 60% in Seosan variety and this was not realted with the number of cloves in seed bulb. While more than 70% bulbs in Jeoksung and Danyang varieties cultivated in paddy field were composed of 6 or 7 cloves, majority of the bulbs of Euisung and Danyang varieties cultivated in upland were composed of bulbs with 7 cloves or more. The highest genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) and phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) were observed in bulb weight. GCV and PCV also showed high value in leaf sheath diameter. Thus, there is a greater scope for selection of these characters. The small difference between PCV and GCV values in plant height indicates that the environmental influence would be limited in this character. High heritability was observed of plant height (56.76%) and bulb weight (45.95%). And the weight per bulb (34.24%) exhibited highest genitic advance followed by leaf sheath diameter (18.8%) and plant height (9.61%), and those would be the ideal characters for selelction.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Bio-Environment Control Conference
• /
• 1996.05a
• /
• pp.117-128
• /
• 1996

A garlic (Allium sativum L.) is an important and useful vegetable such that it is not only most used for spices but also exploited for health foods and pharmaceuticals. The garlic is a kind of vegetable propagated vegetatively through cloves. Therefore, development of new varieties of garlics is possible only through selection breeding because cross breeding is impossible. (omitted)

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
• /
• v.18 no.4
• /
• pp.454-459
• /
• 2009

The secondary growth of garlic depreciates the quality of a bulb and, in the worse cases, makes it difficult to be used as a seed bulb due to many insertions of small cloves in the seed bulb. Therefore, the effect of soil temperature, seedtime, and fertilization rate on the secondary growth of the big bulbils of Namdo garlic has been examined. When we analyzed into the growth characteristics of big bulbils of Namdo garlic under different fertilizer application levels (50% increased fertilization, experimental fertilization and 50% decreased fertilization), the plant height, numbers of leaf, sheathe diameter, leaf length, and leaf width were the best in 50% increase of the test rate of fertilizer. The occurrence rates of secondary growth were 34.2% in 50% decrease of the test rate of fertilizer, 44.3% in the test rate, and 54.1% in 50% increase of the test rate of fertilizer. In other words, the occurrence rate of secondary growth increased by increasing the fertilization rate. While the average harvested bulb weight were 34.1g in 50% decrease of the test rate of fertilizer, 35.1g in the test rate of fertilizer, and 33.9g in 50% increase of the test rate of fertilizer, there were no changes in the number of cloves under different fertilization rates. As the correlation diagram between the soil temperature and occurrence of the secondary growth showed very high relation with 0.892~0.997, the secondary growth in cultivation of Namdo garlic big bulbils had considerably close correlation with the soil temperature. As the earlier the seedtime was, the growth of the above-groundparts including the plant height, numbers of leaf, and sheath diameter were the better. The averages of bulb weight were 36g in the mid September sowed seed bulb, 29.6g in the late September sowed seed bulb, and 27.9g in the early October sowed seed bulb. Overall, our results showed that the bulb size is dependent on the seedtime and the seedtime has no particular effects on the secondary growth.

• Korean Journal of Plant Tissue Culture
• /
• v.21 no.3
• /
• pp.161-166
• /
• 1994

Since garlics (Allium sativum L.) are propagated through cloves, infection by virus or other pathogens may become severe problem if not using high quality seed bulbs every year resulting in the reduction of yield and bulb quality, In order to solve this problem, the establishment of virus-free bulb production and its supply system have been required because no chemicals were found to eliminate viruses from seed bulbs. This experiment was conducted to develop an effective production technique of high quality seed bulbs using shoot-tip culture. Over 90% of shoot-tips explanted on January L 1990 were survived at constant temperature of either 20, 24 or 28$^{\circ}C$, wheres 88% at alternate temperature (28/20$^{\circ}C$). The growth of shoot and root was most vigorous at constant 24$^{\circ}C$, and least at alternate temperature (28/20$^{\circ}C$) condition. When shoot-tips were explanted June 21 to August 1,1991, survival and growth of shoot-tips was most vigorous on MS medium supplymented with 0.1 mg/L NAA and 2 mg/L kinetin and least 1 mg/L Gh$_3$. The shoot-tips taken from the seed bulbs stored at 4$^{\circ}C$ for 15 to 60 days were placed on MS medium, shoot growth and in vitro bulblet formation increased slightly as affected by the increase of told treatment period at 4$^{\circ}C$.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
• /
• v.18 no.1
• /
• pp.74-80
• /
• 2009

This study was conducted to evaluate cultivation to save the production method cost of warm type garlic. The optimum system for producing excellent seed bulbs by using bulbils of garlic has been required. The bigger size bulbils induced fast growth and lower rate of non-cloved bulbs. The ratio of non-cloved bulbs was the highest in the 0.1 g bulbils sowing of 'Namdo' and was low in the big size bulbils sowing. The bulbil growth rate of 'Deaseo' was much faster than that of 'Namdo', but most of 'Deaseo' bulbils showed low rate of non-cloved bulbs and small size scales in bulbs. The higher productivities of "Namdo" bulbils appeared at the September 11th sowing time, but 'Deaseo' bulbils produced small size non-cloved bulbs and got the very low ratio of non-cloved bulb production in all of the treatment, sowing that Jeju Island could not produce the non-cloved bulbs with 'Deaseo' garlic bulbuls. The growth rate such as leave number, leave length, bulb and clove size in the sowing distance of big size bulbils increased as the sowing distance was wider, but the rate of non-cloved bulbils decreased regardless of treatment. More than 3 g clove in the $10{\times}15cm$ distance of bulbs was produced resulted in sowing clove production potentials by using big size bulbil.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
• /
• v.54 no.4
• /
• pp.209-223
• /
• 2024

Purpose: Periodontal disease is a chronic condition caused by microbial infection and mediated by the host's immune response. Phytotherapy is a therapeutic approach that utilizes a renewable resource capable of supplying less expensive medicines for the world's growing population. This review aimed to present clinical evidence on the use of complementary medicinal herbs in the treatment of periodontal diseases. Methods: Different databases were searched using the terms "herbal" and "periodontitis." All included studies were examined with a focus on herbal indications, type, and prescription length. Dentists' therapeutic and prophylactic herbal prescribing habits were also assessed. Results: Various herbs such as turmeric, neem, aloe-vera, pomegranate, catechu, tulsi, cloves, lemon grass, green tea, tea tree oil, peppermint, garlic, pineapple, oak bark, babul, bakul, sage, coriander, moringa, amla, guava, and grape seed extract have been used in the treatment of periodontitis. These herbs have been reported to exhibit a range of therapeutic effects, including anti-inflammatory, antiplaque, antihalitosis, antiresorptive, antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, and antimicrobial properties. These components can be utilized in various forms such as mouth rinse, gel, oil, toothpaste, aqueous extract, mouthwash, or tooth powder. Conclusions: Several readily available herbal formulations are now available on the market and have been shown to be effective as supplemental periodontal phytotherapy. However, these should be used under the supervision of a dental professional to ensure optimal benefits and effectiveness. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the understanding of suggested herbal prescription practices among dental professionals.