• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.263-277
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is to analyze the characteristics of riverbed variation due to the sediment protection weir located on the estuary of the main stream of Taehwa river using I-D finite difference model, HEC-6 model, and the followings are the results of estimating sediment transport rate, amount of scour or deposition, and accumulated amount of deposit according to before and after of the sediment protection weir removal with various flow rates in the channel. Ackers-White transport function produced the greatest sediment transport rate while Meyer-Peter showed the smallest sediment transport rate at the most down stream area of the watershed through the sediment transport rate analyses for various flow rates according to the existence or nonexistence of the sediment protection weir. Toffaleti's and Colby transport function were closest to the average value, and the difference among the results of the sediment transport functions showed up to 8～9 times. Duboy's transport function produced the greatest riverbed variation while Toffaleti's showed the smallest variation through the riverbed variation analyses according to the existence or nonexistence of the sediment protection weir. Yang's was closest to the average value, and the difference among the results of the riverbed variation analyses ranged from 1.4 times to 11 times. It is thought that a sediment transport function must be selected very carefully with respect to the criteria of sediment yield estimation because the analysis results of the sediment transport rate and riverbed variation according to flow rates showed significant differences among the sediment transport functions, and the differences of sediment transport rate and riverbed variation according to the various sediment transport functions decreased as the flow rate increased.

• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.15-20
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• 2007

The harbor siltation by longshore sediment transports has become a serious problem on the East Coast of Korea. A reasonable prediction of the longshore sediment rate is important to approach the siltation problem effectively. In the recently developed 1-line model, the empirical constants of the sediment transport formula, which include the absolute quantity of sediment transport rate and the spatial distribution of breaking wave height by wave deformation, are treated as calibration parameters. Since these constants should be determined by the very long-term shoreline data, the longshore sediment rates are much more reasonable values. The method was applied to Hupo Beach, which has experienced heavy siltation. The authors also discuss long-term shoreline change using aerial photos and the observed wave-induced current patterns. According to the result, the SW-direction sediment transport rate was $146,892m^3/year$, and the NE direction was $2,694,450m^3/year$ at Hupo Beach for the last 11 years. The siltation in Hupo Harbor might be affected by the NE-direction sediment transport from Hupo Beach.

• 한국지형학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.15-29
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• 2018

The sediment transport process in a river reflects the process of geomorphological change in the watershed, influencesthe river bed variation and the river channel migration, and is a parametric phenomenon that exhibits a dynamic self-adjusting process. Sediment load is divided into bedload and suspended load depending on the dominant mechanism. Quantitative sediment load is important information for solving river problems. Because it is difficult and time consuming to measure bedload, compared to that ofsuspended load, data on the sediment transport load and the research required for the gravel-bed rivers are insufficient. This study is to analyze the ratio of the bedload to the total sediment load in gravel-bed rivers. The sediment load ratio in gravel-bed rivers increases with the flow rate per unit width, and the rate of the bedload varies more rapidly than the suspended load. The sediment transport efficiency coefficient has been affected by the ratio of the flow depth to the mean diameter of particles and has been dependent on the shear velocity Reynolds number. So $A^{\ast}$ and $B^{\ast}$ are introduced to compensate for the uncertainties such as bed materials, sediment transport, and flow velocity distribution, and the coefficient of bedload ratio has been presented. For the sediment load data in experimental channels and rivers, A* was 3.1. The dominant variables of $B^{\ast}$ were $u_*d_m/{\nu}$ in the gravel-bed and h/dm in the sand-bed. When $B^{\ast}$ the is the same, in the experimental channels the coefficient of bedload ratio was affected by the bed forms, but in the rivers it was of little difference between the gravel-bed and sand-bed.

• 한국해안해양공학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.19-26
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• 2000

폭풍발생에 따른 해안종단방향의 표시이동은 경빈과 사구의 침식, 연안사주의 생성등 해안단면변화에 있어 주요한 요인의 하나로 알려져 있다. 그러나 폭풍발생에 따른 표사이동은 표사의 입경, 수면상승높이, 쇄파고 등 많은 요소들에 의해 복합적으로 작용하기 때문에 현재에도 정확한 예측이 어려운 실정이다. 본 논문에서는 해안단면에서의 평형에너지소산개념과 표사량 예측에 있어 주요한 요소인 표사량 파라미터를 차원해석을 통하여 변수화하고 수치모델에 도입하여 폭풍발생에 따른 해안종단방향의 해안단면변화와 해빈침식에 대하여 분석하여 보았다. 해안종단방향의 해빈침식은 단면형상 파라미터, 표사량 파라미터, 수면상승높이에 의해 크게 영향을 받음을 알 수 있다.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제31권3B호
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• pp.205-209
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• 2011

배수관로 내의 토사퇴적으로 인한 통수능 저하는 도시홍수의 주요 발생 원인으로 배수관로의 효율적 유지관리는 도시홍수 예방에 대단히 중요하다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 만관 원형관로에서의 토사이송 실험을 실시하고 배수관로 내에서 일어나는 유사이송 형태, 흐름의 저항 및 유사량 등 수리학적 특성을 분석함으로써 관로의 효율적 유지관리를 위한 기초 자료를 제시 하였다. 본 실험은 길이 8 m, 관경 60 mm의 수평 관로와 유사 공급장치로 구성된 모형장치을 통하여 실내실험을 수행하였다. 실험장치는 최대 $30m^3/hr$ 규모의 유량 순환시스템을 갖추고 있으며 관로 상류부에 5 g/s~19 g/s 규모의 유사 공급 장치와 함께 관로 끝부분에 유사 회수시스템을 갖추고 있다. 본 연구 수행 결과 통수단면의 평균유속(U), 점성계수(${\mu}$), 단위 폭당 소류사량($q_b$), 평균입경($d_{50}$), 수중유사단위중량(${\gamma}^{\prime}_s$)를 주요 인자로 하는 두 개의 무차원 변수를 이용하여 압력 원형관로 내 토사이송을 예측하는 공식을 제안하였으며 이들 무차원 변수 간에는 선형 상관관계가 있음을 확인하였다.

• 한국해안·해양공학회논문집
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.462-469
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• 2009

파랑과 흐름이 공존하는 해안에서의 비점착성 퇴적물이동에 대하여 육지-외해방향 총 퇴적물 이동률을 산정할 수 있는 경험식을 제안한다. 본 경험식은 파랑만 존재하는 경우와 흐름만 존재하는 경우에도 범용적으로 사용할 수 있다. 해수면 기준 비대칭인 파랑을 이용하여 퇴적물의 부상률과 이동거리의 곱으로 단위면적당 총 퇴적물 이동률을 계산할 수 있다. 대체로 파고가 큰 파랑이 입사하는 경우 퇴적물은 외해방향으로 이동하는 반면 파고가 작은 파랑의 경우 육지방향으로 퇴적물을 이동시키는 경향을 본 예측식이 잘 재현하고 있다. 또한 장주기 파랑의 경우 퇴적물을 육지방향으로 이동시키려는 경향을 본 예측식이 잘 보여준다.

• International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.277-286
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• 2013

Cross-shore sediment transport is very important factor in the design of coastal structures, and the beach profile is mainly affected by a number of parameters, such as wave height and period, beach slope, and the material properties of the bed. In this study cross-shore sediment movement was investigated using a physical model and various offshore bar geometric parameters were determined by the resultant erosion profile. The experiments on cross- shore sediment transport carried out in a laboratory wave channel for initial base slopes of 1/8, 1/10 and 1/15. Using the regular waves with different deep-water wave steepness generated by a pedal-type wave generator, the geometrical of sediment transport rate and considerable characteristics of beach profiles under storm conditions and bar parameters affecting on-off shore sediment transport are investigated for the beach materials with the medium diameter of $d_{50}$=0.25, 0.32, 0.45, 0.62 and 0.80 mm. Non-dimensional equations were obtained by using linear and non-linear regression methods through the experimental data and were compared with previously developed equations in the literature. The results have shown that the experimental data fitted well to the proposed equations with respect to the previously developed equations.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제37권6호
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• pp.511-516
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• 2004

As a preliminary study on the sediment flux, concentrations of suspended particulate matter and current speeds were measured at three inlets of Gwangyang Bay during one tidal cycle of a spring tide of March 2003. The suspended sediment flux rate $(g/m^{2}/s)$ at the mouth of Seomjin River (St. K1) was observed to be higher throughout surface layer during ebb tide $(14.3\;g/m^{2}/s)$ and throughout near-bottom layer during the flood tide $(23.2\;g/m^{2}/s),$ resulting in a net upstream-ward transport of$0.9{\times}10^{3}kg/m$ during 13 period. At the inlet toward Yeosu Bay (St. K2), a relatively low rate ($(5.0-6.7\;g/m^{2}/s)$ of sediment flux occurred throughout the water column compared to St. K1, with a depth-integrated net transport of $5.6{\times}10^{3}kg/m$ toward the outer reaches of Gwangyang Bay inlet. At St. K3 located at Gwangyang Bay-side of Noryang Strait, the outward flux toward the Jinju Bay was observed to be dominant during the flood tide $(16.2-23.2\;g/m^{2}/s)$, especially through the mid and near bottom layer, compared to the inward flux throughout the whole water column during the ebb tide $(13.1-19.7\;g/m^{2}/s).$ The net transport at St. K3 was calculated to be $4.0{\times}10^{3}kg/m$ toward the outside of Gwangyang Bay. The outward net transport of suspended sediment at all three inlets seems to be consistent with a trend of bottom sediment texture, which suggests a net movement of sediment from a relatively coarse and poorly sorted inner-bay toward a relatively fine and better sorted outer-bay environment.

• 한국해안·해양공학회논문집
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.405-411
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• 2013

점착성 표사의 유동 특성을 다루기 위하여 점착력을 고려한 표사유동 수치계산 모델이 제안되었다. 제안된 계산 모델에서는, 각각의 모래 입자는 점토의 얇은 층으로 둘러싸여 있는 상태를 가정했다. 모래 입자에 작용하는 점착력을 적용하기 위해 한계 Shields수와 소류사량을 결정하는 항이 수정되었다. 제안된 표사모델은 3차원 유체 구조 지형변화 연성 수치계산 모델에 적용하여, 인공여울의 지형변화특성을 파악하였다. 수치계산 결과, 각각의 점토 함유율, 단위면적당 작용하는 점착 저항력, 함수비의 증가는 한계 Shields수를 증가 시키고, 반대로 소류사량을 감소시킴으로써 지형변화 경향에는 영향을 미치지 않은 채 여울의 지형변화를 억제하는 것으로 나타났다. 점토를 모래 입자와 혼합함으로써 여울의 지형변화를 감소시킬 수 있는 것을 암시한다.

• 한국항만학회지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.451-461
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• 2000

The design and maintenance of navigation channel and water facilities of an harbor which is located at the mouth of river or at the estuary area are difficult due to the complexity of estuarial water and sediment circulation. Effects of deepening navigable waterways, of changing coastline configurations, or of discharging dredged material to the open sea are necessary to be investigated and predicted in terms of water quality and possible physical changes to the coastal environment. A borad analysis of the transport mechanism in the estuary area was made in terms of sediment property, falling velocity, concentration and flow characteristics. In order to simulate the transport processes, a two-dimensional finite element model is developed, which includes erosion, transport and deposition mechanism of suspended sediments. Galerkin’s weighted residual method is used to solve the transient convection-diffusion equation. The fluid domain is subdivided into a series of triangular elements in which a quadratic approximation is made for suspended sediment concentration. Model could deal with a continuous aggregation by stipulating the settling velocity of the flocs in each element. The model provides suspended sediment concentration, bed shear stress, erosion versus deposition rate and bed profile at the given time step.