• 한국수산과학회지
• /
• 제46권5호
• /
• pp.638-648
• /
• 2013

To understand the geochemical characteristics of intertidal sediment in a semi-enclosed bay, we measured various geochemical parameters, including grain size, ignition loss (IL), chemical oxygen demand (COD), acid volatile sulfide (AVS), and trace metals (Al, Fe, Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd, Hg, and As), in intertidal sediment from three bays (Deukryang Bay, Yeoja Bay, and Gamak Bay) in the southern region of Jeollanam Province. The intertidal sediment in Deukryang Bay consisted of various sedimentary types, such as sand, gravelly muddy sand, mud, and silt, whereas the intertidal sediments in Yeoja and Gamak Bays were composed mainly of mud. The concentrations of IL, COD, AVS and trace metals in the intertidal sediments of the three study regions were relatively high near areas affected by input of stream waters and/or shellfish farming waste. The concentrations of organic matter and trace metals in Gamak Bay were much higher than those in Deukryang and Yeoja Bays, which appears to be due to the influence of anthropogenic pollutants, originating from the city and the industrial complex near Gamak Bay. The evaluation results of organic matter and metal pollution using the sediment quality guidelines showed that the intertidal sediments in the three study regions were not polluted in terms of organic matter and trace metals. In future, sustainable management for sources of organic matter and trace metal is necessary to conserve a healthy benthic ecosystem in intertidal sediments.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
• /
• 제15권2호
• /
• pp.47-54
• /
• 2010

Although the demands for the dredging work have been increasing due to social and industrial reasons including national plan for restoration of four major rivers, environmental standards or management guidelines for the dredged river sediment are limited. The suggested environmental standard for the beneficial use of dredged river sediment consists of two levels, recyclable and concern, and includes eight contaminants such as metals and organic contaminants. The systematic approach to remediate dredged river sediment is also suggested. The system consists of both washing and stabilization processes with continuous multi particle separation. In the early stage, the sediments are separated into two particle sizes. The coarse-grained sediment over 0.075 mm, generally decontaminated with less trouble, follows normal washing steps and is sent for recycling. The fine-grained sediments under 0.075 mm are separated again at 0.025 mm. The particles bigger than this second separation point are treated in two ways, advanced washing for highly contaminated sediments and stabilization for less. The lab test results show that birnessite and apatite are most effective stabilizing agents among tested for Cd and Pb. The most fine residues, down-sized by continuous particle separation, are finally sent for disposal. The system is tested for metals in this study, but is expected to be effective for organic contaminants included in the environmental standard, such as PAH and PCE. The feasibility test on the field site will be followed.

• 한국해안해양공학회지
• /
• 제7권3호
• /
• pp.277-288
• /
• 1995

파랑운동하에서 미세한 해저물질로 인한 혼탁도 예측은 해안 또는 호소환경에 민간이 끼친 영향을 평가하는데 있어서 중요하다. 파랑은 이토의 퇴적작용을 완화하고 급격한 부유농도구배를 형성하려는 경향이 있어 해저면 가까이의 퇴적물에 미치는 부하가 대체로 해수면 가까이의 것보다 크다. 물리적으로 실질적이나 단순화된 방법으로 질량보존법칙이 미세입자의 농도분포 진척과 비쇄파 진행파의 작용하에서 해저면 진흙층의 침식에 상당하는 깊이를 모의하는데 사용되어 왔다. 앞서의 현장 관측은 해저면 근처의 모의된 경향을 보여주고 있는데 특성은 농도가 크면 매우 적은 표층토사와 결합되어 진흙층을 액상화시킨다. 결론적으로 해저면 침식 깊이의 예측은 호수역학의 이해와 충분한 현장에서의 토사농도단면측정이 요구된다. 해저면을 무시한 해수면 토사농도만의 측정은 해저면 침식 길이의 총체적인 과소평가를 유발할 수 있다.

• 한국수산과학회지
• /
• 제31권5호
• /
• pp.609-621
• /
• 1998

1. 연구지역내 sand ridge들은 10$\~$20 m 높이의 비대칭형태이며, 등수심선과 평행하게 발달해 있고, sand ridge의 경사진 부분에서는 지역에 따라 sand wave 형태의 이미지가 나타나는 것으로 보아 현재 다소 활동성이 있는 것으로 보인다. 2. Ridge 주변 위치별 입도, 물리적 성질, 음파전달속도 값은 차이가 크지 않았는데, 이것은 본 연구지역의 주 퇴적상인 사질의 퇴적층이 판의 형태로 넓게 분포하고 있기 때문이다. 3. 코어 하부에는 해수면이 상승하면서 생성된 transgressive sand sheet 퇴적상의 특징을 지시하는 40$\~$200cm 두께의 자갈, 패각편, 조립사가 혼재된 퇴적상이 나타난다. 이들 사질의 분급이 양호하지 않은 이유는 해수면이 상승하면서 조류나 고에너지 환경에서 재동(reworking)되어 퇴적된 palimpsest와 관련된 것으로 사료된다.

• 해양환경안전학회지
• /
• 제16권1호
• /
• pp.43-48
• /
• 2010

토탄과 같은 자연소재를 이용한 자연친화적인 연안 저질개선제 살포가 꼬막의 혈액학적 성상 몇 근육 글리코겐 함량에 미치는 영향에 대하여 알아보기 위하여 실내 실험을 실시하였다. 저질개선제를 단위면적($m^2$)당 0, 100, 300, 800g의 양을 살포 후 10일 동안 숙성시킨 꼬막을 수조에 수용하여 14일 동안 사육 실험한 결과 저질개선제를 단위면적($m^2$)당 800g 살포한 구에서 48시간 후에 1개체가 폐사한 것 이외에 심험종료까지 폐사가 일어나지 않아 자연소재로 구성된 저질개선제가 생물 자체에는 직접적인 독성을 나타내지 않는 것으로 판단된다. 꼬막 혈액의 전혈량, 헤마토크리트값, 헤모글로빈량에 있어서는 저질개선제 살포 농도별 큰 차이를 보이지 않았으나 혈액 글루코스량 및 근육 글리코겐량은 대조구와 비교하여 증가하는 경향이었다.

• 한국물환경학회지
• /
• 제37권2호
• /
• pp.103-113
• /
• 2021

In this study, an Excel-based model (ROADMOD) was developed to estimate pollutant loading from the road and evaluate BMPs. ROADMOD employs the Chezy-Manning equation and empirical expression for estimating surface runoff, and power function for pollutant buildup, and exponential function for pollutant washoff in SWMM. The results of model calibration for buildup and washoff using observed data revealed a good match between the simulation results and the observed data. The long-term surface runoff and sediment simulated by ROADMOD demonstrated a good match with those by SWMM with 2 ~ 14% of relative error. The shorter sweeping interval (within 8 days) remarkably decreased sediment loads from the road. It was found that the effect of reducing sediment loads from the road was greatly affected not only by the sweeping interval but also by sweeping on the day before a rainfall event. The 48% of removal efficiency of sediment loads from the road was achieved with 26 times of road sweeping per year when sweeping was performed on the day before the rainfall event. A 4-day sweeping interval showed similar removal efficiency (48%) with 96 times of sweeping per year. It is considered that the road sweeping on the day before a rainfall event could maximize the effect of reducing the non-point source pollution from the road with minimization of the number of road sweeping. So, the road sweeping on the day before a rainfall event can be considered as one of the useful and best management practices (BMPs) on road.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
• /
• 제8권1호
• /
• pp.35-41
• /
• 2003

캡이 설치된 준설퇴적토층에서 확산에 의한 오염물질이동을 측정할 수 있는 실내 실험방법들이 있지만, 확산에 의한 오염물질이동은 캡핑효과에 큰 영향을 미치지 않는다. 반면, 캡이 설치되는 동안이나 후에 퇴적층의 압밀에 의해 오염물질이 훨씬 더 많이 이동한다. 이것을 증명하기 위해, 원심모형시험기를 이용한 모형실험이 실시되었다. 본 연구에서 22.5시간 100 g에 대해 축소모형실험을 실시하였는데, 이것은 실제로 25년의 오염원이동시간과 축소모형의 100배 규모에 해당되는 모델링이라고 할 수 있다. 원심모형 실험결과 압밀에 의한 이류와 분산이 오염원 이동의 주 원인임을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
• /
• 제26권1호
• /
• pp.17-23
• /
• 2021

In order to investigate change of shear strength of coastal muddy sediment by mixing pretreated oyster shells with different pyrolysis temperatures and particle sizes, a vane shear test was carried out. The shear strength of the sediment with oyster shells pyrolyzed at 800℃ was twice higher than that of the control, with a maximum shear strength of ca. 0.2 kPa. The Ca2+ concentration in the pore water was the highest at sediment with oyster shells pyrolyzed at 800℃ with a concentration of ca. 790 mg/L. From the above results, it is concluded that the application of the oyster shells pyrolyzed at 800℃ can affect the increase in shear strength of coastal sediments through the aggregation of clay particles and pozzolanic reactions with sediments.

• 한국물환경학회지
• /
• 제31권5호
• /
• pp.460-467
• /
• 2015

We analyzed the formation of phytoplankton community and the occurences of odorus compound from benthic cyanobacteria in North, South Han-River, Paldang-Lake and Kyeongan-Stream sediments. Sediments were incubated in different water temperature. Akinetes were found (0~500 cells/g) with the highest number on sediment in Yangsoo railroad bridge (YC). The result showed that Anabaena ranged between $0.02{\sim}0.53{\times}10^3cells/mL$ in Sambong (SB), YC, Mukhyen-Stream (MS), Paldang-Lake (P2) and Kyeongan-Stream (KK). The total 68 taxa of phytoplankton were observed during the incubation period. A standing crop of phytoplankton was in the range of $0.13{\sim}8.97{\times}10^3cells/mL$ and Microcystis appeared in SB, YC, P2 and KK sites with $20{\sim}25^{\circ}C$ temperature. In South Han-River (P3), Oscillatoria tenuis was dominant at $25^{\circ}C$ temperature. The concentration of geosmin was the highest in SB-$15^{\circ}C$ (25.5 ng/L), and the concentration of 2-MIB was the highest in P3-$25^{\circ}C$ (286.8 ng/L). Odorous compounds were detected in all the temperature conditions from each site. Our results indicate that the dominant benthic cyanobacteria (O. tenuis, O. limosa, Phormidium tenue and Pseudanabaena limnetica) have high correlation with the occurrence odorous compounds and 2-MIB.

• 한국수산과학회지
• /
• 제45권6호
• /
• pp.704-715
• /
• 2012

To examine temporal and spatial variation in salinity and nutrients in the shallow pore water of intertidal sandflats, we measured salinity and nutrient concentrations (dissolved inorganic nitrogen [DIN], phosphorus [DIP], and silicate [DSi]) in pore water of the intertidal zone along the coastline of Jeju Island at two and/or three month intervals from May 2009 to December 2010. Geochemical parameters (grain size, ignition loss [IL], chemical oxygen demand [COD], and acid volatile sulfur [AVS]) in sediment were also investigated. The surface sediments in intertidal sandflats of Jeju Island were mainly composed of sand, slightly gravelly sand and gravelly sand, with a range of mean grain size from 0.5 to 2.5 ${\O}$. Concentrations of IL and COD in sediment were higher along the eastern coast, as compared to the western coast, due to differences in biogenic sediment composition. Salinity and nutrient concentrations in pore water were markedly different across time and space during rainy seasons, whereas concentrations were temporally and spatially more stable during dry seasons. These results suggest that salinity and nutrient concentrations in pore water depend on the advective flow of fresh groundwater. We also observed an imbalance of the DIN/DIP ratio in pore water due to the influence of contaminated sources of DIN. In particular, nutrient concentrations during rainy and dry seasons were characterized by high DIN/DIP ratios (mean-127) and low DIN/DIP ratios (mean-10), respectively, relative to the Redfield ratio (16) in offshore seawater. Such an imbalance of DIN/DIP ratios in pore water can affect the coastal ecosystem and appears to cause outbreaks of benthic seaweed along the coastline of Jeju Island.