• 한국수산과학회지
• /
• 제47권3호
• /
• pp.274-282
• /
• 2014

We examined seasonal variation in the structure of marine macroalgal communities at five sites around the Byeonsan Peninsula, Korea, from January to October 2011. Sixty eight species were identified, including 11 green, 17 brown and 40 red algae. Species richness was highest at Gyeokpo (51 species) followed by Sambal (47), Gosapo (34), Byeonsan (33), and Habgoo (18). Seaweed biomass ranged from 12.98 to 145.33 g dry $wt/m^2$, with maximum and minimum biomasses at Gyeokpo and Habgoo, respectively. Sargassum thunbergii was the representative alga species occupying 47.89% of the total biomass. The dominant seaweeds were S. thunbergii, Corallina pilulifera, Ulva spp, Gracilaria vermiculophylla, and Carpopeltis affinis. No distinctive vertical distribution of seaweeds was found because S. thunbergii, Ulva spp, and G. vermiculophylla were all distributed from high to low shore. Community indices were as follows: dominance index (DI), 0.44-0.61; richness index (R), 6.27-10.35; evenness index (J'), 0.38-0.59; and diversity index (H'), 1.48-1.71. Gyeokpo had the most biomass and highest species richness, and the lowest percentage of Ulva species. However, species richness declined at Gyeokpo, from 78 to 51 species within 10 years, implying that eutrophication and sedimentation from Mankyeong and Dongjin rivers have reduced the stability of seaweed communities.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
• /
• 제14권4호
• /
• pp.389-397
• /
• 2011

The benthic algal community structures of the seaweed biomass, vertical distribution of dominant seaweeds, and species composition were examined on the rocky shores of Ongdo, Jusamdo, and Woejodo Islands, Korea, in August 2006. A total of 68 seaweeds were identified, comprising 5 green, 11 brown, and 52 red algae from the three study sites. The number of species at Ongdo (32 species) was less than that at Jusamdo (45 species) and Woejodo (44 species). Jusamdo exhibited the maximum seaweed biomass (73.99 g dry $wt/m^2$), while the minimum value was found at Woejodo (36.90 g dry $wt/m^2$). On the three islands, coarsely branched forms were the most dominant functional group in terms of species number and biomass among benthic algal species. The dominant species were Gelidium amansii, Chondrus ocellatus, and Chrysymenia wrightii at Ongdo, Sargasum thunbergii, Ulva pertusa, and Sargassum fusiformis at Jusamdo, and U. pertusa, Undaria pinnatifida, and Corallina pilulifera at Woejodo. Perennial seaweeds were abundant at Ongdo (G. amansii and C. ocellatus) and Jusamdo (S. thunbergii and S. fusiformis), whereas the sheet form of U. pertusa was relatively abundant at Woejodo Island.

• 한국수산과학회지
• /
• 제43권5호
• /
• pp.532-539
• /
• 2010

Seaweed biomass was estimated in the rocky subtidal zone of Daejin on the mid-east coast of Korea using a destructive sampling method from February to November 2007. Monthly sampling was conducted at depths of 5, 10 and 15 m using 50 $\times$ 50 cm quadrats. A total of 73 species, including 5 chlorophytes, 25 phaeophytes, 43 rhodophytes and one seagrass were identified. Average seaweed biomass was 2,852.3 g wet wt. $m^{-2}$ and biomass values varied monthly from 1,189.8 g to 7,523.7 g. The species dominant in biomass were Laminaria japonica (481.7 g), Sargassum confusum (470.85 g), Undaria pinnatifida (422.57 g), Costaria costata (282.16 g), Odonthalia corymbifera (174.46 g), S. sagamianum (163.22 g) and S. horneri (122.18 g). The vertical distribution of algae was characterized by S. confusum and U. pinnatifida at 5 m, L. japonica and U. pinnatifida at 10 m, and O. corymbifera and L. japonica at 15 m depth. The C/P, R/P and (R+C)/P values were 0.20, 1.72 and 1.92, respectively.

• 한국수산과학회지
• /
• 제57권1호
• /
• pp.79-87
• /
• 2024

We seasonally examined marine macroalgal community structures in the subtidal zones at Gapado Island, Jeju, Korea, from February 2013 to November 2019. A total of 164 macroalgal species were identified, including 15 green, 40 brown, and 109 red algae. Species richness ranged from 54-106 species, with the maximum observed in 2013 and the minimum observed in 2015. Cladophora wrightiana var. minor, Ecklonia cava, Amphiroa anceps, Corallina aberrans, Corallina crassisima, Synarthrophyton chejuense, Sonderophycus capensis and Plocamium telfairiae occurred in all seasons. The average annual seaweed biomass was 1,258.22 g wet wt./m², ranging from 917.51 g/m² in 2017 to 1,551.95 g/m² in 2014. E. cava was the most dominant species, accounting for 46.57% of the total seaweed biomass. The subdominant species were P. telfairiae and A. anceps, comprising 8.64% (108.75 g/m²) and 6.65% (83.61 g/m²) of the total biomass, respectively. The vertical distribution of subtidal seaweeds were represented by E. cava and P. telfairiae at 5-20 m, A. anceps at 10-20 m, C. aberrans and C. crassisima at 5 m and C. wrightiana var. minor at 10 m. Cluster analysis revealed three distinct groups: group A (2014-2018), group B (2019) and group C (2013), indicating significant differences in the annual seaweed community.

• 한국수산과학회지
• /
• 제43권6호
• /
• pp.687-692
• /
• 2010

The mass cultivation of Ecklonia cava Kjellman was studied as a potential biomass source for the extract industry in Korea. Experiments were conducted to investigate the optimal conditions for artificial seed production and mass cultivation of this species. Maximum growth and young thalli development in the nursery culture area occurred at 2 m depth, whereas maximum growth of thalli in the main culture area occurred at 1 m depth. Production of E. cava was between 2.6 and 3.6 kg wet wt. $m^{-1}$ after depth control and removal of fouling organism, etc. The relationship between optimal water depth for culture and underwater irradiance during the E. cava cultivation was calculated as: y = -0.718x + 8.042 ($r^2$=0.976). The growth rates achieved in this trial indicate that E. cava cultures could produce and supply sufficient biomass.

• 한국수산과학회지
• /
• 제51권5호
• /
• pp.571-578
• /
• 2018

Seasonal variability in algal community structure of the subtidal zone was examined at four study sites on the southeastern coast of Korea from February to November 2016. A total of 81 species of algae (8 green, 12 brown, and 61 red) were indentified. During the study period, the greatest number of species was observed at Sinamri (57 species) followed by Daesongri (50 species), Dongbaekri (47 species) and Gangyangri (42 species). Of the six functional seaweed forms, the coarsely-branched form was the most dominant, accounting for about 43% of the total species at Daesongri. The annual average biomass in wet weight varied from $700.59g/m^2$ at Sinamri to $1,712.45g/m^2$ at Daesongri. The parameters of seaweed community structures were as follows: dominance index (DI), 0.30-0.54; richness index (R), 4.92-7.05; evenness index (J'), 0.54-0.72; and diversity index (H'), 2.05-2.91.

• 한국수산과학회지
• /
• 제45권3호
• /
• pp.262-270
• /
• 2012

Seaweeds provide habitats in which marine animals can spawn and develop, and serve as a food supply for algaegrazing species such as sea urchins and abalone. Recently, seaweed species have disappeared from coastal ecosystems, leaving barren ground, defined as habitats that have lost their algae forests and where coralline algae containing calcium carbonate components have become encrusted on rocks. The biological causes of barren ground include grazing by herbivores and excessive seaweed harvest. The environmental harm caused by the spread of barren ground includes accelerated eutrophication following the reduction in seaweed, which plays an important role in oceanic purification. In the present study, we identified the relationships between various seaweed species and the occurrence of barren ground. Subtidal benthic macroalgal flora and community structure were observed seasonally on barren ground along vertical transects of rocky shores of Bihwa, Samchuck, and the east coast of Korea from February to November 2006. Fifty-eight seaweed species were identified, including 7 green, 15 brown, and 36 red algae species. There were between 6 and 28 species among seasons. Over the whole study period, average seaweed biomass (g wet wt $m^{-2}$) was 241.90 g, with a seasonal range of 25.26 to 760.34 g. Seaweed biomass declined with increasing seawater depth and ranged between 91.26 and 422.08 g. The vertical distribution of algae was characterized by Undaria pinnatifida and Sargassum honeri at 5 m, S. honeri and U. pinnatifida at 10 m, and U. pinnatifida and Agarum clathratum at 15 m depth. Seasonal patterns in community indices were not found. Community indices showed different patterns along vertical shoreline gradients; the dominance index increased but the richness, evenness, and diversity indices decreased with seawater depth. Sea urchin density was 8 to 24 individ. $m^{-2}$ in Bihwa. These urchin populations had significantly aggregated spatial patterns and recurrent destructive grazing appeared to be occurring.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국생물공학회 2003년도 생물공학의 동향(XIII)
• /
• pp.397-397
• /
• 2003

• 한국수산과학회지
• /
• 제49권3호
• /
• pp.385-392
• /
• 2016

Seasonal variability in the algal community structure of intertidal zones was examined at six study sites in Marine National Parks, on the western and southern coasts of Korea from March to November 2015. A total of 193 species of algae, comprising 27 green, 40 brown and 126 red algae, were identified. Algal biomass averaged 101.50 g dry wt./m² with a maximal at Tonggae (168.12 g dry wt./m²) and minimum at Haseom (54.49 g dry wt./m²). The dominant seaweeds by biomass were Sargassum thunbergii at five sites (Tonggae, Haseom, Namdongri, Ando amd Sinjeonri), and S. fusiforme at Soando. Community indices measured as follows: dominance index (DI), 0.31–0.69; richness index (R), 7.30–11.43; evenness index (J'), 0.33–0.49; and diversity index (H'), 1.15–1.86. As evaluated using community indices and environmental states, the EEI (Ecological Evaluation Index) of the Marine National Park was “normal”. The present results indicate that seaweed community structures and indices could be used to evaluate the environmental status of coastal ecosystems.

• 한국환경생태학회지
• /
• 제28권1호
• /
• pp.10-23
• /
• 2014

한국 동해안 삼척시 갈남 해역의 조간대와 조하대에 생육하는 해조류의 군집구조 변화와 무절산호조류의 분포현황을 2010년 8월부터 2011년 5월까지 계절별로 총 4회 조사하였다. 연구기간에 녹조류 14종, 갈조류 33종, 홍조류 65종이 출현하여 총 112종 채집 및 동정되었다. 이 중 29종은 일 년 내내 출현하였다. 생물량을 근거로 한 우점종은 구멍갈파래(Ulva pertusa), 불레기말류(Colpomenia spp.), 모자반(Sargassum fulvellum), 톳(Sargassum fusiforme), 몽당잎모자반(Sargassum muticum), 지충이(Sargassum thunbergii), 작은구슬산호말(Corallina pilulifera)과 우뭇가사리(Gelidium elegans)였다. 해조류의 연평균 생물량은 건중량으로 66.7 $gm^{-2}$ 이었고, 여름에 107.5 $gm^{-2}$로 최대였고 가을에 36.2 $gm^{-2}$로 최소값을 기록하였다. 기능형군 분석에서는 성긴분기형(coarsely branched form)이 전체 해조에서 40.0~48.6%를 차지하였다. 엽상형(sheet form), 사상형(filamentous form) 및 성긴분기형을 포함한 기회종인 생태학적 상태그룹 ESG II는 46~61종으로서 76.7~82.4%를 차지하였다. 각상형의 무절산호조류는 모든 계절에 출현하였으며, 대표적인 종이 혹쩍(Lithothamnion lemoineae), 혹돌잎(Lithophyllum okamurai), 납작돌잎(Lithophyllum yessoense), 나팔가시돌잎(Hydrolithon gardineri)이었다. 동해안 갈남 해역에서 무절산호조류의 피도는 선행 연구에서 36.8%였으나, 금번에 11%로서 감소하고 있음을 확인하였다.