• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.180-182
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• 2011

Sea stars were collected with fishing nets between depths of 40-150 m from the Gangwon-do coastal region, East Sea. Specimens were identified as Evasterias echinosoma Fisher, 1926 belonging to the family Asteriidae, which is new to the Korean fauna. This species was characterized by strong external spines and a general size of more than 200 mm, thus the largest sea star identified in Korea to date. Its morphological characteristics are described here with photos. Thirty two asteroid species including E. echinosoma have been reported from the East Sea of Korea.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers Conference
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.381-384
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• 2009

The Air-breathing engine like Sea-Star I is a second propulsive force generator to fly to the target after the booster generating initial propulsive force is separated. The performance of Sea-Star I engine should be verified because the cruise missile controls direction and altitude during flight, so ground engine test is executed before flight test. This these presents evaluation method of ground engine test to verify performance of Sea-Star I's engine.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.197-200
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• 2015

Asteroid specimens were collected from Shinnam, Gangwondo in the East Sea of Korea with fishing nets on 12 September 2014. The specimens were identified as Henricia reticulata Hayashi, 1940, belonging to family Echinasteridea of order Spinulosida. This species can be distinguished by a larger disc and broader arms compared to those other Henricia species. The morphological characteristics of this species are re-described with illustrations. By previous work of this genus, six species have been reported in the Korean fauna.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.135-138
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• 2015

An asteroid specimen was collected in adjacent water of Gisamun, Gangwon-do in the East Sea, Korea at a depth of 170 m by fishing net at May 2013. It was identified as Nearchaster (Nearchaster) pedicellaris (Fisher, 1910) belonging to family Benthopectinidae of order Notomyotida, which was new to the Korean fauna. The genus, family, and order of this species were also new to Korean waters. The partial sequence of mitochodrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (CO1) was determined for the first time and registered at GenBank.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.274-277
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• 2017

A sea star was collected from the Korea Strait in the waters adjacent to eastern Jeju Island, Korea ($33^{\circ}39^{\prime}86^{{\prime}{\prime}}N$, $127^{\circ}33^{\prime}12^{{\prime}{\prime}}E$) at a depth of 92 m on November 5, 2016. This specimen was identified as Marginaster paucispinus Fisher, 1913, from the family Poraniidae of the order Valvatida, based on morphological characteristics. The genus Marginaster Perrier, 1881 and M. paucispinus, which were first reported in the South China Sea, are new to the Korean fauna. Partial sequences of mitochondrial COI and 16S ribosomal RNA of M. paucispinus were have been determined for the first time and were deposited in GenBank. They are the first molecular records for the genus Marginaster.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.33
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• pp.191-219
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• 2007

Section 39(5) of Marine Insurance Act 1906 concerns the case where with the privity of the assured, the ship is sent to sea in an unseaworthy state. The underwriters argue that the assured had"blind-eye knowledge" of the particular respect in which the ship was unseaworthy. Blind-eye knowledge requires a conscious reason for blinding the eye. There must be at least a suspicion of a truth about which one do not want to know and which one refuse to investigate. What has caused greater difficulty is the broad provision in s.17 which appears to be unlimited in its scope. The expression "utmost good faith" appears to derive from the idea of uberrimae fidei, words which indeed appear in the sidenote. The concept of uberrima fides does not appear to have derived from civil law and it has been regarded as unnecessary in civilian systems. S.17 raises many questions. But only two of them are critical to the decision of the present appeal-the fraudulent claim question and the litigation question. It is however necessary to discuss them in the context of a consideration of the problematic character of s.17. In the Star Sea Case, for the defendants to succeed in their defence under this part of the case the defendants have to show that claim was made fraudulently. They have failed to obtain a finding of fraud. It is not enough that until part of the way through the trial the owners failed to disclose to the defendants would have wished to see in order to provide them with some, albeit inadequate, evidential support for their alleged defence under s.39(5). The defence under s.17 fails. The Purpose of this work is to analyze the Star Sea Case, and to explore problems of the MIA relating to the judgement of this case.

• Journal of Species Research
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.348-350
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• 2016

An asteroid specimen was collected from Jumunjin, Gangwon-do in the East Sea, Korea at a depth of 50 m using fishing nets on 26 May 2013. It was identified as Pteraster militaris (O.F. $M{\ddot{u}ller$, 1776) belonging to the family Pterasteridae of the order Velatida based on morphological characteristics. This species is usually distributed in the cold boreal zone around northern Pacific and Atlantic, and is distinctly distinguished from P. tesselatus which was reported in Korean fauna: body form, length ratio of arm to disc and surface of dorsal membrane.

• Ocean Science Journal
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.177-182
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• 2005

The process of embryogenesis and larval development of the asteroid sea star Asterias amurensis $(U{\ddot{u}}tken)$ was observed, with special attention paid to morphological change and larval duration. In reproductive season, mature sea stars were collected under floating net cages, located in Tongyeong, southern Korea. The mature eggs are $138\;{\mu}m$ in average diameter, semi-translucent and orange in color, sperms in good condition appear light cream to white-gray in color. Embryos develop through the holoblastic equal cleavage stage and a wrinkled blastula stage that lasts about 9 hours after fertilization. Gastrulae bearing an expanded archenteron hatch from the fertilization envelope 22 hours after fertilization. At the end of gastrulation, rudiments of the left and right coelom are formed. By day 2, larvae possess complete alimentary canal and begin to feed. At this stage, the larva is called early bipinnaria. In 6-day-old larvae, the pre- and post- oral ciliated bands form complete circuits and the bipinnarial processes start to develop. By day 12, the lateral and anterior projection of the larval wall processes along the ciliated bands begins to thicken and curl, and the ciliated bands become more prominent. By day 32, early brachiolaria are presented with three pairs of brachiolar arms. Advanced brachiolaria with a well-developed brachiolar complex (three pairs of brachia and central adhesive disc) occur 6 weeks after fertilization. In the field, spawning of the sea star was observed in April to May, settlement form larvae and just settlements seem to occur from June to July, and early juveniles occur from August to September. Although we had not described the end of brachiolaria stage, it can be tentatively estimated that the duration of the pelagic stage of A. amurensis is 40 to 50 days.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.390-393
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• 2015

Some asteroid specimens were collected at a depth of 150 m near Moseulpo in Jeju Island, Korea using fishing nets on October 2014. The specimens were identified as Henricia pacifica Hayashi, 1940 belonging to the family Echinasteridae of order Spinulosida. In the Korean fauna, seven species of genus Henricia were reported of which two species, H. nipponica and H. ohshimai, were distributed in Jeju Island. The morphological characteristics of this species were re-described with illustrations.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.345-347
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• 2010

A sea star was collected with fishing nets at a depth of approximately 100-160 m in the East Sea and was identified as Stephanasterias albula (Stimpson, 1853) belonging to the family Asteriidae of the order Forcipulatida. This species characterized by having the capability of asexual reproduction by self-division turned out to be new to the Korean fauna. Its morphological characteristics are redescribed with illustrations. Thirty one species of sea stars including S. albula are now recorded from the East Sea of Korea.