• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
• /
• 2003.10b
• /
• pp.219.3-219.3
• /
• 2003

We describe here solid-extraction and derivatisation methods of ${\beta}$-adrenoceptor blocking drugs used for the treatment of various cardiovascular disorders such as hypertension, angina pectoris and cardiac arrhythmia: propranolol, metoprolol, sotalol, timolol, oxprenolol, alpranolol, atenolol, pindolol. Solid-extraction and derivatisation methods are described involving the use of Bond Elut Certify cartridges, MSTFA and MBTFA. Gas chromatographic-mass spectrometry analysis(GC/MS) was carried out select-ion monitroing mode. (omitted)

• Analytical Science and Technology
• /
• v.11 no.2
• /
• pp.88-91
• /
• 1998

Bromide($Br^-$) was separated and quantified with $2.8mM-NaHCO_3/2.2mM-Na_2CO_3$ by Ion Chromatography. Bromide was eluted at 8.9 min. and the detectetion limit was 2.5 ng. We compared with bromide concentration in normal or methylbromide intoxicated bloods and tissues. Bromide concentrations were 2.0~5.8 ppm in normal bloods and 1.0~5.3 ppm in normal tissues. In fatal cases of methylbromide intoxication, blood bromide concentrations (4 cases) of 74.2~139 ppm and tissue bromide concentration (1 case) of 76 (heart)~201 (lung) ppm were detected. In fatal cases, blood bromide concentrations. were 12~22 times higher than those of normal bloods.

• Analytical Science and Technology
• /
• v.12 no.3
• /
• pp.260-264
• /
• 1999

A simple and rapid procedure, called FoLT-PCR(Formamide Low Temperature-Polymerase Chain Reaction) was applied to amplifying DNA directly from various forensic biological evidences including human blood, saliva, hair root, or semen without any DNA preparative steps. We added washing step with non-ionic detergent, 1% Triton X-100, and used Taq DNA polymerase instead of Tth DNA polymerase to amplify 3 STR loci and gender allele simultaneouly. Optimal concentration of formamide and annealing temperature were determined empirically to 8%(v/v), and $48^{\circ}C$ respectively. We also compared this method with standard PCR.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
• /
• v.42 no.6
• /
• pp.576-582
• /
• 1998

Fenfluramine, an anorectic agent, is widely abused as a diet pill in Korea because it is freely marketed in China without any regulation. The optical isomers of fenfluramine hav e different phamacological actions: d-form is used as an anorectic agent, while l-form as a neuroleptic agent. To investigate the metabolism when racemic fenfluramine was administered orally, the urinary excretion of fenfluramine was studied in rats. The enantiomeric separation of fenfluramine was performed on achiral column by gas chromatography using (S)-N-(trifluoroacetyl)-l-prolyl chloride (TFP) as a derivatizing agent. After administration of 15mg/kg of racemic fenfluramine to rats, d-, l-fenfluramine and its metabolites d- and l norfenfluramine in urine were determined by chromatographic separation of TFP derivatives on DB-1 at retention time of 11.2, 11.8, 8.4 and 8.6 min respectively. Urinary recoveries of d and l-fenfluramine in rat were 0.42-5.9O% and 0.18-1.20% respectively in urine specimens collected during first 24hr. The comparison in the levels of isomers showed that d- fenfluramine were higher than l-form, while d-norfenfluramine were lower than l-form. The ratios between parent compound and metabolite revealed that d-norfenfluramine to d-fenfluramine ranged from 1.0 to 4.4, while the ratio of l-norfenfluramine to l-fenfluramine was 8.2-21.1 indicating that l-fenfluramine is metabolized faster than the d-isomer.

• 보존과학연구
• /
• s.20
• /
• pp.5-20
• /
• 1999

We have analyzed the allele and genotype frequencies from 10 fractions of ancient human skeleton in 3 pieces of Jar coffin excavated from Naju Bokamni3rd tumulus by PCR amplification, high resolution polyacrylamide gelelectorphoresis and silver staining. We could isolate human genomic DNA from 3 bone fractions but the rest of them could not be used as materials due to being decayed. We could detect sex determination as male and 3 genotypes of STR system, HUMTHO1, HUMTPOX and HUMC5F1PO from the bone fraction of left side in Jar coffin 3 and see the slightly reaction suggesting the sex as male from the bone fraction of the left side in Jar coffin 2 and female from the right side in Jar coffin 3.We have also analyzed the genotype frequencies of mitochondria from the bone fractions of the left side and the right side in jar coffin 3, respectively. From the result of indetifiying at nucletide position between 16018 and 16378of the base of hyper variable region(HV1) in the control region, We can presume that the both bones have the same maternal inheritance.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
• /
• v.28 no.7
• /
• pp.829-838
• /
• 2005

In order to investigate the residual amounts of organochlorines and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in Korean human tissues (blood, adipose tissue, liver, kidney cortex, and lung), the samples were collected from the autopsied cadavers of 40 men and 40 women (from teens to seventies of age). ${\alpha}-BHC,\;{\beta}-BHC,\;{\gamma}-BHC,\;{\delta}-BHC$, p,p'-DDT, p,p'-DDD, p,p'-DDE, endrin, dieldein, aldrin, and 7 marker PCBs (28, 52, 101, 118, 138, 153, and 180) were determined in human tissues. The levels of organochlorines and PCB congeners indicated that they have been widely distributed in Korean human body. Positive correlations in terms of age were observed for the following cases: p,p'-DDE, p,p'-DDT, ${\Sigma}-DDT$, PCB 118, PCB 138, PCB 153, and ${\Sigma}-PCB$ in the adipose tissue, and p,p'-DDE in the lung. Concentration of these compounds showed a significant age-related increase. Accumulation of these compounds in aged people revealed that these compounds were more slowly eliminated in our environment and risk assessment was necessary for further proper action. Significant differences in the levels of PCBs between genders were found for PCB 118 in the adipose tissue and PCB 138 in the liver. Positive correlation coefficients between tissues were detected with p,p'-DDE and ${\beta}-BHC$.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
• /
• v.52 no.3
• /
• pp.172-175
• /
• 2008

Stable isotope ratio of carbon and nitrogen ($\delta^{13}C$ & $\delta^{15}N$), and $\Delta^{9}$-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) contents were measured on 37 Korean cannabis and 10 commercial grade marijuana seized in Korea. Factors influencing on the measured values and their variations were investigated. $\delta^{13}C$ value of cannabis is specified mainly by water availability. Korean cannabis showed relatively low $\delta^{13}C$ values ranging -33.29$\sim$-27.01% (mean=-31.01%), which reflect geographic conditions of Korea where is rainy, especially during summer. $\delta^{15}N$ values, which reflect individual planting conditions, were relatively high up to -0.5$\sim$18.0% (mean=6.44%). It reflects characteristics of Korean cannabis growing wild in forest or cultivated in fertile soil. Tetrahydrocannabinol is the major hallucinogenic compound of cannabis. Ethanol extracts of cannabis leaves were derivatized by N,O-bis(trimethylsilyl)trifluoroacetamide (BSTFA), and the derivatives were analyzed by GC-MS in selected ion monitoring (SIM) mode. THC contents of Korean cannabis ranged 0.11$\sim$4.34% (mean=1.47%), which were relatively low compared with commercial grade marijuana.

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
• /
• 2003.04a
• /
• pp.170.2-170.2
• /
• 2003

The most common cause of death in fires is the inhalation of noxious gases rather than thermal injury. Carbon monoxide is well-known toxic component in fire atmospheres. However, the importance of hydrogen cyanide(HCN) as a toxic agent in the fire related fatalities(FRF) is under discussion. HCN is known to be produced in fires involving by the pyrolysis of polyacrylonitril (PAN) and other nitrogen-containing polymer. (omitted)

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
• /
• v.27 no.2
• /
• pp.182-187
• /
• 2012

In this study, the experimental method has been investigated using molecular biological way to identify raw materials from seasoned red-pepper sauce which is one of the most popular spices in Korea. 6 kinds of seasoned red-pepper sauces were chosen as a sample containing chilli pepper, garlic, onion as a major ingredient and species specific primers were used for the identification of the raw material of processed food. Selected samples were pre-treated to remove salt (samples were washed with distilled water 3~4 times for desalting), after that, to amplify the extracted genes, whole genome amplification (WGA) kit was performed. Afterwards, PCR products were confirmed through the electrophoresis. As a result, 102, 180, 280 bp of specific PCR products were confirmed for each major ingredients such as chilli pepper, garlic, onion. From this study, the gene extraction method was validated for the identification of ingredients from the spices and it would be applied to distinction of low quality chilli pepper powder including seasoned red-pepper sauce illegally.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
• /
• v.27 no.2
• /
• pp.146-151
• /
• 2012

In this study, effective gene extraction methods were compared to identify raw materials of processed meat products through molecular biological methods. Species specific primers were used to identify ingredients of processed foods and, as a sample, 13 kinds of processed meat products including beef, pork and chicken. According to the type of sample, 13 kinds of samples were classified into liquid type, source type and powder type. The samples were pre-treated (centrifugation) and (or) performed Whole Gene Amplification (WGA) kit for amplification of the extracted DNA. As a result, it was possible to identify the raw material of products through the centrifugation of sample 1 ml for liquid type of processed meat products. For source type of products after gene extraction, it was required to perform WGA for the identification of ingredients. For powder type products did not required any further pre-treatment and WGA. In this study, it was an opportunity to confirm the possibility of identification of raw material from the gene extraction of processed meat products and this method could be used to examine the authenticity of raw material of products.