• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제42권3호
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• pp.455-466
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• 2023

이 연구에서는 초등 과학영재 학생의 과학 학업 열정 및 과학 긍정 경험과 과학적 창의성의 관계를 탐색하였다. 이를 위해 초등 3~6학년 과학영재 학생 108명을 선정하여 과학 학업 열정 검사, 과학 긍정경험 검사, 과학적 창의성 검사를 실시한 뒤, 기술통계분석과 상관분석 및 다중회귀분석을 실시하였다. 연구 결과, 연구 대상 초등 과학영재 학생의 과학 학업 열정과 과학 긍정 경험은 비교적 높은 수준이었지만, 과학적 창의성은 비교적 높지 않은 수준이었다. 과학 학업 열정 전체는 과학적 창의성과 통계적으로 유의미한 상관이 없었지만, 5가지 하위 영역(중요함, 좋아함, 시간/에너지 투자, 조화열정, 강박열정) 중 '강박열정'에서는 과학적 창의성과 통계적으로 유의미한 부적 상관이 있었다. 또한 과학 학업 열정의 5가지 하위 영역, 특히 '좋아함', '조화열정', '강박열정'은 과학적 창의성에 통계적으로 유의미한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 하지만 과학 긍정 경험의 5가지 하위 영역(과학 학습 정서, 과학 관련 자아개념, 과학 학습 동기, 과학 관련 진로 포부, 과학 관련 태도)은 과학적 창의성과 통계적으로 유의미한 상관이 없었을 뿐만 아니라, 과학적 창의성에 통계적으로 유의미한 영향을 미치지 못하였다. 또한 과학 학업 열정 전체와 과학 긍정 경험 전체는 과학적 창의성에 통계적으로 유의미한 영향력이 없었다. 이러한 결과에 대한 교육적 시사점을 논하였다.

• 대한수학교육학회지:수학교육학연구
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.351-367
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• 1999

This study aims to study the discourses influencing high school students' concept and attitude toward mathematics, and to examine how gender differences concerning mathematical aptitude are created. This study is based on the results of previous two studies which suggested that mathematical competence differs not only according to gender, region and school year, but also even within the same gender. For this study, 12 students ranking in the top 10% at two co-ed high schools were interviewed to find out 1) what discourses are related to gender and mathematics, 2) in what way these discourses are formulated and gain currency, and 3) how they have affected students in general. Common notions concerning mathematics may be summed up as follows: 1) Most of the students believe that gender difference in mathematical aptitude results because biologically men tend to be strong in mathematics and analytical skills while women tend to have better linguistic ability. This concept can help male students' studying to have a greater learning toward mathematics. 2) A large number of the students believe that male students' studying method is based on comprehension whereas female students' method is based on retention, and hence the former group tends to be better at applying their learning than the latter group. This notion seres to encourage male students and discourage female students from tackling difficult mathematical problems. 3) Many students believe that, although female students may surpass their male counterparts in middle school or the first year of high school, they will eventually fall behind by the 3rd year. Despite research which shows that these common beliefs are not grounded in scientific proof, high-school girls, who may be strong in mathematics, lose self-confidence and feel a sense of crisis. The mechanisms which produce and reinforce such concepts as those mentioned above can be summarized as follows: 1) Regarding the choice of majors and future career paths, parents show different attitudes toward sons and daughters, and this tends to influence high-school girls and hinders them from entering mathematics-related fields. 2) Teachers with value systems based on stereo-typed gender roles affect students a great deal, and give different advice according to gender of their students, for selecting their major fields - for instance, whether to study the natural sciences as opposed to humanities. 3) This study indicates that peer-group behavior, of either support or exclusion, also reinforces the process of internalizing notions of gender difference related to mathematical aptitude. 4) The gender-based notion that men are naturally more inclined to have better mathematical ability has caused male students to choose the natural science subjects and female students to turn to the humanities. The discourses discussed above, propagated in schools and homes, and in the mass media, are continually reinforced along with general gender inequalities in the society at large.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.215-226
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• 2022

이 연구에서는 우리나라 초·중·고등학교 학생을 대상으로 학년 및 학교급에 따른 학생의 과학긍정경험의 추이와 하락 원인을 조사하였다. 이를 위해 서울특별시에 있는 일반 초·중·고등학교에서 4학년~10학년 학생을 학년별로 표집한 후, 학생들의 과학긍정경험 및 하락 원인을 묻는 설문을 시행하였다. 과학긍정경험 지표 검사에 대한 일원 분산 분석 결과, 전체 평균에서는 학년과 학교급에 따라 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 없었다. 그러나 과학긍정경험의 하위 영역별로는 결과가 다소 다르게 나타났다. 즉 과학학습정서에서는 중학생보다 초등학생의 평균이 통계적으로 유의하게 높았으며, 초등학교 4학년의 평균이 중학교 1학년, 중학교 3학년, 고등학교 1학년의 평균보다 각각 유의하게 높았다. 과학관련 진로포부에서는 중학생보다 고등학생의 평균이 통계적으로 유의하게 높은 것으로 나타났다. 과학관련 자아개념, 과학학습동기, 과학관련 태도에서는 학년 및 학교급에 따른 점수 차이가 통계적으로 유의하지 않았다. 과학긍정경험의 하위 영역별 주요 하락 원인은 학교급에 따라 다소 달랐다. 이러한 결과를 바탕으로 학년 및 학교급에 따라 과학긍정경험을 향상시키는 방안을 모색하였다.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제52권6호
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• pp.1180-1187
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• 2020

A team of operators is required for nuclear power plant operation, and communication between the operators is an important aspect of the team's ability to successfully carry out tasks. It has been difficult to evaluate the quality of this communication though, and as the relationship between communication quality and team performance has yet to be clarified, it has not been applied to most human reliability analysis (HRA) methodologies. This study investigates the relationship between the quality of communication and team performance using data from a full-scope training simulator of a digital main control room (MCR). Two important characteristics of communication were considered to determine quality: each operator's ability to self-confirm the status of a given task in a digital MCR, and the type of communication, as divided into 1-way, 2-way, and 3-way between operators. To measure team performance, the concept of an unsafe act was employed, which is defined as a human error that has the potential to negatively affect plant safety. Analysis results showed that the communication quality and team performance were related to each other. With this more clearly defined relationship, the results of this study can be applied to related performance shaping factors to improve HRA.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제34권5호
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• pp.849-858
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• 2004

Purpose: Smoking temptation is the central concept related to relapse within the context of smoking. Therefore :or effective smoking cessation interventions, a scale to measure smoking temptation is necessary. This study was carried out to develop scale to measure smoking temptation. Method: This study utilized Cronbach's alpha, spilt-half coefficient and test-retest correlation in analyzing the reliability of the collected data and expert group, factor analysis, item analysis multitrait-multimethod method and known-group technique to analyze validity. Result: Twenty-five items were selected from a total of 33 items. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient for internal consistency was .93, spilt-half coefficient .91, and 2 week interval test-retest correlation .93 for the 25 items on the smoking temptation scale. Five factors evolved by factor analysis, which explained 57.28 % of the total variance. The smoking temptation scale was effective in differentiating the subjects at each stage of change for smoking cessation and there were significant negative correlations between smoking temptation and self efficacy for smoking cessation and significant positive correlations between smoking temptation and the Fagerstrom Tolerance Questionnaire. Conclusion: The scale for measuring smoking temptation in Korean in this study was evaluated as a tool with a high degree of reliability and validity.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.709-719
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• 2000

The purposes of the study was to identify the depression of women after a hysterectomy and to clarify the factors related to depression. This was a cross-sectional descriptive study. The data was collected by a mailed questionnaire that was composed of the Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale(SDS), support scale of husband and socio-demographic variables from 255 women undergoing hysterectomies for any nonmalignant condition in S. University Hospital. They also must have lived with their spouses from 3 months to 2 years after the operation. The results were as follows: 1. The SDS mean was 42.25 and range was 21 to 67. The incidence of clinical depression (over SDS 50) was 20.8% from 3 months to 2 years after a hysterectomy. 2. The depression of women in 18-24 months after surgery (39.80) was lower than that of any other periods such as 3-5 months, 6-12 months, and 13-17 months (p<0.01). 3. The support form husband was negatively correlated with the depression of women after a hysterectomy. 4. Depression among women tho had hysterectomies were associated with lower income, less sexual satisfaction, the feeling of being asexual, and the bias of concept the uterus controlling general health.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.201-212
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• 2021

This study aims to investigate variables affecting the business performance of Muslim women entrepreneurs in Sri Lanka. A multidimensional analysis was proposed with five potentially defined antecedents of business performance which included psychological characteristics, human capital, social capital, industrial factor, and cultural factor. Data was collected from 286 respondents through the use of a self-administered questionnaire. The results of structural equation modeling indicate that the model meets the goodness-of-fit indices and that generally, all five factors have significant positive relationships with business performance. Amongst the dimensions of psychological characteristics, only risk-taking had a notable effect on business performance. Amongst the dimensions of human capital, two of the three dimensions (business experience and business skills) were significantly associated with business performance; in the case of social capital, one of the two dimensions (non-familial affiliations) was significantly associated with business performance; and in the case of industrial factor, resource accessibility was significantly associated with business performance. A strong positive correlation with business performance has also been demonstrated by the cultural factor which was a new concept to the paradigm as a whole. This study has broadened the understanding of existing literature on Muslim women entrepreneurship and contributed practical implications to government, policymakers and other related agencies, chambers of commerce, the general public, as well as the Muslim women entrepreneurs themselves.

• 디자인학연구
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.73-80
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• 2000

본 연구는 제품디자인의 환경 및 관련 정보가 급격하게 변화함에 따라, 이에 대응하기 위하여 디자인 프로세스를 다변화하는 것을 그 목표로 한다. 이를 위하여 먼저, 제품에 대한 일반적인 정보로부터 디자인 정보를 구분하여 정의하고, 이로부터 제품디자인에 반영될 인자를 그 가치와 역할에 근거해 다음과 같이 다섯 가지 디자인 인자로 분류하여 규명하였다. .혁신인자(innovation factor)- 이전에는 존재하지 않았던 요소나 뚜렷한 개선에 관계된 요인 .개방인자(open factor)- 사용유형의 현황과 새로운 가능성의 파악을 통해 현재의 기능에 대한 개선 뿐 아니라 새로운 기능을 유도하는 적극적 요인 .선행인자(anterior factor)- 공유시스템, CIPD, 디자인 전략 등과 관계되어 조건설정에 미리 관여함으로써, 기획 및 초기 요구조건을 지속, 발전시키는 요인 .자명인자(self-evidence factor)- 형태와 기능을 합일시키는 것으로, 제품구조를 통한 기능의 시각화와 관련된 요인 .절대인자(rigid factor)- 인간공학을 기초로 사용자의 효율성, 특히 안전성에 관계된 요인 이와 같은 디자인 인자는 목표고객이나 시장의 특성과 관련되어 제품의 개발 초기 단계부터 제품의 주요 성격을 규정하면서 해석되어진 분류이다. 이 해석 과정에서 중요도가 더 높은 인자를 지배인자로 합성하여 차별화된 결과물을 효과적으로 도출케 하는 인자 구조화 프로세스를 제안하였다. 디자인 인자 구조화 프로세스는 제품의 개념 개발과정에서 제품과 관련된 디자인 지배인자를 목적에 따라 조합하여, 제품에 각각의 특징을 부여하여 제품을 합리적으로 차별화b할 수 있으며, 다양하고 구체적인 소비자의 요구에 능동적으로 대응하는 접근방법으로 활용할 수 있다.

• 공학교육연구
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.19-29
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• 2023

This study aims to develop and apply a metaverse-based instructional design model for the education in science and technology. It analyzed the concept and characteristics of metaverse, existing non-contact education models, and major teaching strategies systematically. Based on the prior researches, an instructional design model using metaverse is developed that presents metaverse-related teaching strategies and design principles for the before-, during-, and after-lesson phases. Then, this model was applied to a project-based learning program, conducted a perception survey on instructors and learners, and revised the metaverse instructional design model based on the results of the survey. In the Metaverse Instructional Design Model, before-lesson phase is a physical and psychological preparation stage for class participation, which includes familiarization with the Metaverse learning environment, formation of expectations for education, and self-directed pre-learning. During the lesson, to effectively deliver the lesson content, it is necessary to build confidence in the learning environment, promote learning participation, provide reference materials, perform team projects and provide feedback, digest learning content, and transfer learning content. The after-lesson phase provides strategies for ongoing interaction between learners and mentors. This study introduces a new instructional design model that utilizes metaverse and shows the potential of metaverse-based education in science and technology. It also has important implications in that it provides practical guidelines for the effective design and implementation of metaverse-based education.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 1999년도 추계 학술대회지
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• pp.102-144
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• 1999

The major problems of food crop cultivation in Korea are low yield of most crops except rice. inefficient cultivation techniques for aged farmers. and low international competibility. Therefore, development of cultivation techniques of food crops should aim the yield. quality improvement, labor reduction and production cost. The primary issue for increasing the yield of soybean, barely and wheat is to reduce the yield gap between the farmer's yield and recommended ones of experiment station. More advanced cultivation techniques needs to be developed. and/or the conventional breeding methods to be reconsidered. The newly developed labor-saving mechanized technique needs to reduce labor hours , and the cost of agricultural implements and machineries. In other words the labor-saving mechanized technique should be developed based on the improvement of total farming system as well as systemic fundamental innovation of cultural methods. The efficiency of solar energy use in food production of Korea in 1997 is as low as $0.52{\%}$ so there is much room to increase yield. It is recommendable that the concept of food Production should be changed to energy Producing efficiency Per unit area basis from volume and weight of food materials. Moreover, introduction of resonable cropping system is needed to increase yield of main crops, farmer's income, solar energy use efficiency, and decrease of land service expenditure. Current cropping system emphasized on economic crops. especially in vegetables , is not desirable for resonable use of arable land. stability of agricultural management and staple food crop self-sufficiency ratio. It is desirable to increase food crops . that are energy of carbohydrate and protein rich and land dependent crops. in cropping system. And the agronomist should develop the cultural methods to replace food crops for food self-sufficiency and stable farming management instead of economic crops in current cropping system. Low-input and environmentally-sound crop cultivation techniques, especially nitrogen-reducing culture technique which is directly related to food crop quality, also needs to be developed urgently. The extended cultivation of corn in upland and barely and wheat in lowland as a feed stuffs is recommended to prevent further decrease of food self-sufficiency ratio, which is mainly caused by the high reliance on imported feed grain. It is also considered that the calculation and presentation methods of standard agricultural income needs to be improved. The current calculation method uses unit land area of 10a regardless of crop kinds , characteristics of agricultural management and cultivation scale. So, it is apt to lead misunderstanding of farm income value. Therefore. it should show an income of average farmers for certain number of years. Research and developing system for food producing is not desirable because they are conducted currently individual crop and mono-culture basis. But actual agricultural income is usually earned by cropping system including upland and lowland. For example. the barley and wheat is usually cultivated in double cropping system. The cooperation among research institutes such as university agribusiness. government and farmers is indispensible. The public information and education on importance and consumption habit of food crops is necessary in Korean society to increase food self-sufficiency through nationwide cooperation.