• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.98-110
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to identify pre-service elementary school teachers' difficulties and needs in the science class utilizing smart technologies. The participants were nine pre-service elementary teachers who had practical training at an elementary school and took classes related to technology, pedagogy, and science knowledge. The data was collected through semi-constructed and in-depth interviews. The documents such as participants' guidance plans, daily records produced in teaching practice was collected and analyzed. The results of the research are as follow: Pre-service teachers have usually used the technology as a secondary transfer media to convey the knowledge. We found that the pre-service elementary teachers had 15 difficulties in the science class utilizing smart technologies. In addition, they needed a class to focus more on teaching them by integrating technology knowledge, pedagogy knowledge, and science knowledge, and by sharing a real case of science class utilizing smart technologies.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.162-174
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• 2021

본 연구는 초등 예비교사들이 스마트 테크놀로지 활용 과학 수업을 계획할 때 발생하는 질문의 유형과 작성한 수업과정안의 특징을 살펴보았다. 이를 위해 96명의 예비교사들이 작성한 수업과정안과 질문을 수집하였다. 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 예비교사들은 시뮬레이션 앱, 정보제공 앱, clicker 평가 앱, 천문관측 앱을 활용하였으며, 수업의 도입 단계에서는 시뮬레이션 앱과 clicker 평가 앱을, 전개 단계에서는 시뮬레이션 앱을, 정리 단계에서는 clicker 평가 앱을 가장 많이 활용하였다. 둘째, 스마트 테크놀로지를 사용하는 주체는 학생인 경우가 교사에 비해 높게 나타났으며, 수업의 전개 단계에서 그 특징이 더 두드러졌다. 셋째, 수업과정안에서 활용한 스마트 테크놀로지의 콘텐츠 유형은 체험형이 가장 높게 나타났으며, 도구형, 자원형 순으로 나타났다. 이에 비해 상호작용지원형이나 학습기회확장형은 상대적으로 적게 나타났다. 넷째, 예비 교사들이 작성한 과정안에는 학생들이 직접 실험이나 체험하는 기회를 제공하는 대신 체험형 스마트 테크놀로지를 활용하여 가상 체험으로 대체하는 경우가 다수 나타났다. 다섯째, 예비 초등 교사들은 스마트 테크놀로지를 활용한 과학 수업을 계획하면서 다양한 질문을 제기하였으며, 총 7개 범주 25개의 질문 유형이 나타났다.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.99-107
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• 2018

This study started from the public interest purpose to help accessibility for the information acquisition of the vulnerable groups due to visual difficulties such as the elderly and the visually impaired. In this study, the server resources are minimized and implemented in most of the user smart phones. In addition, we implement a method to gather necessary information by collecting only pattern information by utilizing crawl & clipping without having to visit the site of the information of the various sites having the data necessary for the user, and to have it in the server. Especially, we applied the TTS(Text-To-Speech) service composed of smart phone apps and tried to develop a unified customized information collection service based on voice-based information collection method.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.84-99
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to develop a STEAM program using technological pedagogical and content knowledge (TPACK) model to effectively utilize technology to solve the difficulties in the teaching of 'structure and function of our body' unit in the primary science curriculum and to confirm the effect on the academic achievement, creative problem solving ability and scientific interests of elementary students. The program was developed as the STEAM program of the 8th class by utilizing the construction knowledge of the TPACK model. The developed program was applied to 29 experimental group students in 5th grade. And the textbook-oriented circulatory system learning program was applied to 29 5th graders in the same school. As a result of the application of the program, the experimental group showed significant improvement over the comparison group in its creative problem solving ability and scientific interests, and the satisfaction of the class was also high. This caused a positive effect on students because the process of self-directing information about the circulatory system using smart devices, making outputs creatively using 3D printers, and presenting them through role play using produced outputs.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제26권11호
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• pp.1720-1728
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• 2022

인공지능 기술의 발전으로 산업 4.0시대가 열렸고 축산업에서도 ICT 기술이 접목된 스마트 농장의 구현이 큰 관심을 받고 있다. 그중에서도 컴퓨터 비전 기반 인공지능 기술을 접목한 축산물 및 축산 가공품의 품질 관리 기술은 스마트 축산의 핵심 기술에 해당한다. 그러나 인공지능 모형 훈련을 위한 축산물 이미지 데이터 수의 부족과 특정 범주(class)에 대한 데이터 불균형은 관련 연구 및 기술 개발에 큰 장해물이 되고 있다. 이러한 문제들을 해결하기 위해, 본 연구에서는 오버샘플링과 적대적 사례 생성기법의 활용을 제안한다. 제안되는 방법은 성공적인 불량 탐지 (Defect detection) 관점을 기반으로 하며, 이는 부족한 데이터 레이블을 효과적으로 활용하는데 필요한 방법이다. 최종적으로 실험을 통해 제안된 방법의 타당성을 확인하고 활용 전략을 검토한다.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.435-448
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• 2018

This paper reports the development of a theoretically rigorous method for permanent way engineers to assess the condition of railway ballast under a concrete sleeper with the potential to be extended to a smart system for long-term health monitoring of railway ballast. Owing to the uncertainties induced by the problems of modeling error and measurement noise, the Bayesian approach was followed in the development. After the selection of the most plausible model class for describing the damage status of the rail-sleeper-ballast system, Bayesian model updating is adopted to calculate the posterior PDF of the ballast stiffness at various regions under the sleeper. An obvious drop in ballast stiffness at a region under the sleeper is an evidence of ballast damage. In model updating, the model that can minimize the discrepancy between the measured and model-predicted modal parameters can be considered as the most probable model for calculating the posterior PDF under the Bayesian framework. To address the problems of non-uniqueness and local minima in the model updating process, a two-stage hybrid optimization method was developed. The modified evolutionary algorithm was developed in the first stage to identify the important regions in the parameter space and resulting in a set of initial trials for deterministic optimization to locate all most probable models in the second stage. The proposed methodology was numerically and experimentally verified. Using the identified model, a series of comprehensive numerical case studies was carried out to investigate the effects of data quantity and quality on the results of ballast damage detection. Difficulties to be overcome before the proposed method can be extended to a long-term ballast monitoring system are discussed in the conclusion.