• Computers and Concrete
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.217-232
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• 2023

Numerous studies have been performed on the behavior of pile foundations in cold regions. This study first attempted to employ artificial neural networks (ANN) to predict pile-bearing capacity focusing on pile data recorded primarily on cold regions. As the ANN technique has disadvantages such as finding global minima or slower convergence rates, this study in the second phase deals with the development of an ANN-based predictive model improved with an Elephant herding optimizer (EHO), Dragonfly Algorithm (DA), Genetic Algorithm (GA), and Evolution Strategy (ES) methods for predicting the piles' bearing capacity. The network inputs included the pile geometrical features, pile area (m²), pile length (m), internal friction angle along the pile body and pile tip (Ø°), and effective vertical stress. The MLP model pile's output was the ultimate bearing capacity. A sensitivity analysis was performed to determine the optimum parameters to select the best predictive model. A trial-and-error technique was also used to find the optimum network architecture and the number of hidden nodes. According to the results, there is a good consistency between the pile-bearing DA-MLP-predicted capacities and the measured bearing capacities. Based on the R2 and determination coefficient as 0.90364 and 0.8643 for testing and training datasets, respectively, it is suggested that the DA-MLP model can be effectively implemented with higher reliability, efficiency, and practicability to predict the bearing capacity of piles.

• 문화기술의 융합
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.27-36
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• 2023

본 연구의 목적은 정보-동기-행동기술모델을 중심으로 의료취약지역 간호대학생의 건강지식, 건강 태도, 사회적 지지, 자기효능감, 건강증진행위 간의 관계를 확인하고, 건강증진행위에 영향을 미치는 요인들을 규명하기 위함이다. 2022년 10월 1일부터 10월 20일까지 의료취약지역 G시에 거주 중인 간호대학생 157명을 대상으로 진행하였다. 자료 분석은 SPSS 25.0 프로그램을 이용하여 기술통계, t-test, One way ANOVA, 상관관계 및 다중회귀 분석을 실시하였다. 연구결과 건강증진행위에 영향을 미치는 요인은 학교생활 만족도, 스트레스 관리, 사회적 지지, 자기효능감이었고 가장 큰 영향 요인은 사회적 지지였다. 총 설명력은 84.9%였다. 본 연구결과를 토대로 간호대학생의 건강증진에 관한 관심 제고와 건강 행위에 적극적인 참여를 유도할 수 있는 건강증진 프로그램을 개발하여 건강한 간호사로 성장하는데 이바지할 수 있기를 기대한다.

• 사회복지연구
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.313-335
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• 2009

본 연구는 자원봉사활동 참여가 청소년의 자아존중감 변화에 미치는 영향을 분석하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 한국청소년정책연구원의 청소년패널자료 중 중학교 2학년 패널 3개년(2005-2007년) 자료가 활용되었고, 분석방법은 변수 간 종단적인 변화의 관계 구조를 추정하는데 적합한 분석 도구인 고정효과모형(Fixed Effects Modeling)을 이용하여 분석하였다. 연구결과 자원봉사활동 참여는 청소년의 자아존중감의 증가를 가져오는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 개인요인, 가족요인, 학교요인 중 생활만족수준이 높을수록, 외모스트레스가 낮을수록, 부모 및 형제자매와의 관계의 만족수준이 높을수록, 성적이 높을수록, 교사와의 관계의 만족수준이 높을수록, 친구와의 관계의 만족수준이 높을수록 자아존중감 수준이 높아지는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 기존의 횡단적 연구의 한계를 보완하여 자원봉사활동 참여와 자아존중감의 관계를 보다 분명히 검증하였다는 의의를 갖는다. 또한 청소년의 자아존중감 향상을 위해서 가족과 학교, 지역사회를 통하여 자원봉사활동의 활성화를 위한 포괄적인 실천적, 정책적 지원이 필요함을 시사하고 있다.

• 국제지역연구
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.491-512
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• 2009

대기시간의 연구는 Maister(1985)의 연구이후에 심리적 관점으로 연구가 진행되고 있다. 특히 종합병원 이용 시 장시간 대기시간이 불가피하고, 기다림은 고객에게 심리적 불안 및 부정적 감정으로 다가 올 것이다. 이는 의료소비자들의 불만을 가중시키게 되고, 병원 재방문의 의도를 낮추는 요인으로 작용하기 때문에 병원의 마케팅 및 전반적 이미지 재고를 위해서 대기시간의 연구가 더욱 절실히 요구된다 하겠다. 따라서 본 연구는 위와 같은 의료서비스 시 발생하는 지각된 대기시간의 변수인 대기환경, 소비자태도가 병원의 이미지와 재방문에 어떠한 영향을 주는가를 알아보고자 하는데 그 연구의 목적이 있다. 본 연구의 시사점은 의료서비스를 이용하는 한국 소비자의 대기의 심리적 관점인 태도, 감정들이 의료기관의 환경과 대기시간에 따라 병원의 이미지 및 재방문을 결정할 수 있는 중요한 요소가 됨을 알 수 있었다. 따라서 향후 연구될 대기시간의 연구는 고객이 심리적으로 긍정적인 대기가 될 수 있는 대기환경 개선방안과 지각된 대기시간이 가지고 있는 본질적 문제인 기다림을 승화시킬 수 있는 효율적인 대안이 필요성이 요구된다. 따라서 대기시간의 고객의 심리적 감정연구가 더욱 절실히 요구된다.

• 대한한방소아과학회지
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.53-62
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• 2023

Objectives The aim of this study was to identify the effect of Baekho-tang extract on epidermal barrier recovery and inflammation relief in atopic dermatitis-induced mice through Endocanabinoid system (ECS) regulation. Methods In this study, we used 4-week-old NC/Nga mice were divided into 4 group: lipid barrier elimination group (LBEG), palmitoylethanolamide treated group after lipid barrier elimination (PEAT), Baekho-tang extract treatment group after lipid barrier elimination (BHTT) and control group (Ctrl). Each group was assigned 10 animals. We identified that cannabinoid receptor (CB) 1, CB2, CD (Cluster of Differentiation) 68, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), substance P and Matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP-9) through our immunohistochemistry. Results We discovered that when compared to PEAT, 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine, a marker of oxidative stress in the epidermal barrier, and CB1 and CB2, markers of ECS modulation, were less activated in BHTT. These results led to an anti-inflammatory response in BHTT, with a significant decrease in several inflammatory mediators such as CD 68, iNOS, substance P and MMP-9 compared to PEAT and LBEG. Conclusions These results suggest that the Baekho-tang extract can reduce the inflammation of atopic dermatitis by restoring the structural damage of the skin lipid barrier through ECS modulation.

• Mycobiology
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• 제51권5호
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• pp.372-378
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• 2023

Lkh1, a LAMMER kinase homolog in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe, acts as a negative regulator of filamentous growth and flocculation. It is also involved in the response to oxidative stress. The lkh1-deletion mutant displays slower cell growth, shorter cell size, and abnormal DNA content compared to the wild type. These phenotypes suggest that Lkh1 controls cell size and cell cycle progression. When we performed microarray analysis using the lkh1-deletion mutant, we found that only four of the up-regulated genes in the lkh1-deletion were associated with the cell cycle. Interestingly, all of these genes are regulated by the Mlu1 cell cycle box binding factor (MBF), which is a transcription complex responsible for regulating the expression of cell cycle genes during the G1/S phase. Transcription analyses of the MBF-dependent cell-cycle genes, including negative feedback regulators, confirmed the up-regulation of these genes by the deletion of lkh1. Pull-down assay confirmed the interaction between Lkh1 and Yox1, which is a negative feedback regulator of MBF. This result supports the involvement of LAMMER kinase in cell cycle regulation by modulating MBF activity. In vitro kinase assay and NetPhosK 2.0 analysis with the Yox1T40,41A mutant allele revealed that T40 and T41 residues are the phosphorylation sites mediated by Lkh1. These sites affect the G1/S cell cycle progression of fission yeast by modulating the activity of the MBF complex.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.363-375
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• 2023

Objectives: The objective of this study was to identify factors associated with adolescent obesity, as well as any new factors that correlated with a change in the rate of obesity over time. Methods: The study used 5-yearly data collected by the Korea Youth Risk Behavior Survey starting from the year 2006 up until 2021 (data from 2nd, 7th, 11th, and 17th surveys were analyzed). Factors such as demographics, dietary factors, health behavioral factors, and mental health factors were studied. All data were analyzed using IBM SPSS 27.0, employing chi-square tests and multiple logistic regression analysis. Results: This study included data from a total of 255,200 participants. Factors contributing to obesity varied with time. Over the survey duration of 15 years, low academic achievement, parents with low levels of education, low frequency of fruit consumption, low frequency of fast food intake, long periods of being seated, and high levels of stress were significantly associated with a high rate of obesity. Factors that showed a new correlation with an increase in obesity rates included living with single parents, low frequency of muscle strengthening exercises, and experiencing intense sadness and despair in the past year. Factors that were correlated with a change in obesity rates over time included household economic status, frequency of carbonated beverage consumption, frequency of intense physical activity, and frequency of alcohol consumption. Breakfast intake and smoking were not significantly associated with obesity rates in the 15-year period. Conclusions: While several factors associated with obesity remained consistent over time, several new factors have emerged in response to social, economic, and environmental changes contributed to a change in obesity rate over time. Therefore, to prevent and manage adolescent obesity, continuous research into the new emergent factors contributing to obesity is needed.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제88권2호
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• pp.169-178
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• 2023

Lightweight aggregate concrete (LWAC) has various advantages, but it has limitations in ensuring sufficient ductility as structural members such as reinforced concrete (RC) columns due to its low confinement effect of core concrete. In particular, the confinement effect significantly decreases as the axial load increases, but studies on evaluating the ductility of RC columns at high axial loads are very limited. Therefore, this study examined the effects of concrete unit weight on the seismic performance of RC columns subjected to constant axial loads applied with different values for each specimen. The column specimens were classified into all-lightweight aggregate concrete (ALWAC), sand-lightweight aggregate concrete (SLWAC), and normal-weight concrete (NWC). The amount of transverse reinforcement was specified for all the columns to satisfy twice the minimum amount specified in the ACI 318-19 provision. Test results showed that the normalized moment capacity of the columns decreased slightly with the concrete unit weight, whereas the moment capacity of LWAC columns could be conservatively estimated based on the procedure stipulated in ACI 318-19 using an equivalent rectangular stress block. Additionally, by applying the section lamina method, the axial load level corresponding to the balanced failure decreased with the concrete unit weight. The ductility of the columns also decreased with the concrete unit weight, indicating a higher level of decline under a higher axial load level. Thus, the LWAC columns required more transverse reinforcement than their counterpart NWC columns to achieve the same ductility level. Ultimately, in order to achieve high ductility in LWAC columns subjected to an axial load of 0.5, it is recommended to design the transverse reinforcement with twice the minimum amount specified in the ACI 318-19 provision.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.268-274
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• 2023

Objectives: This study investigated whether the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-Adolescent Restructured Form (MMPI-ARF) can differentiate between two groups of adolescents, one diagnosed with internalizing disorders and another with externalizing disorders, and examined the clinical utility of the MMPI-A-RF by examining which subscales can significantly discriminate between these two groups. Methods: A total of 105 adolescents aged 13-18 years completed the MMPI-A-RF (53 internalizing disorder and 52 externalizing disorder groups). Independent t-test, chi-square test (χ²), and discriminant analysis were used to examine whether MMPI-A-RF can distinguish between the two groups. Results: Sixteen MMPI-A-RF scales best predicted differences between the groups with internalizing and externalizing disorders. Fourteen scales (Higher-Order Scale [Emotional/Internalizing Dysfunction], Restructured Clinical [RC] Scale [RC demoralization, Somatic Complaints (RC1), and Low Positive Emotions (RC2)], Personality Psychopathology Five Scale [Introversion/Low Positive Emotionality-Revised, Negative Emotionality/Neuroticism-Revised], Somatic/Cognitive Scale [Malaise, Head Pain Complaints, and Gastrointestinal Complaints], Internalizing Scale [Stress/Worry, Self-Doubt], Externalizing Scale [Negative School Attitudes], Interpersonal Scale [Social Avoidance, Shyness]) were associated with the internalizing disorder group, whereas two scales (Externalizing Scale [Conduct Problems, Negative Peer Influence]) were associated with the externalizing disorder group. Conclusion: The MMPI-A-RF can be an efficient assessment tool for a quick diagnosis as it can classify individuals with internalizing and externalizing disorders in clinical settings that lack a variety of assessment tools for children and adolescents.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제89권1호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2024

This article introduces a novel analytical model for examining the impact of porosity on shear correction factors (SCFs) in functionally graded porous beams (FGPB). The study employs uneven and logarithmic-uneven modified porosity-dependent power-law functions, which are distributed throughout the thickness of the FGP beams. Additionally, a modified exponential-power law function is used to estimate the effective mechanical properties of functionally graded porous beams. The correction factor plays a crucial role in this analysis as it appears as a coefficient in the expression for the transverse shear stress resultant. It compensatesfor the assumption that the shear strain is uniform across the depth of the cross-section. By applying the energy equivalence principle, a general expression for static SCFs in FGPBs is derived. The resulting expression aligns with the findings obtained from Reissner's analysis, particularly when transitioning from the two-dimensional case (plate) to the one-dimensional case (beam). The article presents a convenient algebraic form of the solution and provides new case studies to demonstrate the practicality of the proposed formulation. Numerical results are also presented to illustrate the influence of porosity distribution on SCFs for different types of FGPBs. Furthermore, the article validates the numerical consistency of the mechanical property changesin FG beams without porosity and the SCF by comparing them with available results.