• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.232-252
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• 2009

This study investigated dieting behavior, awareness of body shapes, and eating disorders in female adolescents according to age and BMI. The Eating Attitude Test for Korean Adolescents (EAT-26KA) and sociocultural standards were used to measure eating disorders and sociocultural attitudes related to appearance, respectively. In addition, the BDI (Beck Depression Inventory) scale was used to measure the correlation between disordered eating and depression. The data were collected from 390 female adolescents living in Seoul and were analyzed using SPSS15.0. The results indicated that subjects wanted to be thinner despite having a normal body weight (BMI 19.35${\pm}$2.73). They also thought of themselves as fat and with desires to be slimmer, and viewed "diet and exercise" as the best way to lose weight. About 67.4% of the respondents had tried a diet and had experienced dizziness, anorexia, and general exhaustion while dieting. Also, 5.1% of the subjects were classified as eating disorder and suffered from stress to be thin. In addition, 85.0% of the subjects with eating disorder had tried a diet due to "appearance". They thought that "being underweight" was an ideal body image and considered themselves fat, although their BMIs were in the normal range (19.94${\pm}$2.02). In terms of symptoms during dieting, many of the subjects dealing with an eating disorder felt dizzy, had low energy, and were depressed. In conclusion, we must educate young females about healthy eating and positive body image to prevent the development of adolescent eating disorders.

• Hwankyungkyoyuk
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.294-310
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• 1999

Firstly, the goals and the domains of contents of environmental education was classified in order to systematize the contents of environmental education which would be taught in each subject. According to these goals and domains of contents, the contents of 10 subjects (Korean Language, Ethics, Social Studies, Mathematics, Science, Music, Arts, Physical Practicum(Technology and Heme Economics), English were analyzed. The norms in the analysis of the goals of environmental education by each subject were 4 domains: information and knowledge, skills, value & attitudes, & action and participation. The norms in the analysis of the contents of environmental education by each subject were 11 domains: natural environment, artificial environment, population, industrialization/urbanization, resources, environmental pollution, environmental preservation and measures, environmental sanitation, environmental ethics, environmentally sound and sustainable development(ESSD), and sound consumption life. As a result, it was found that all the 4 domains of goals in environmental education could come true. Furthermore, the goals of environmental education were found to be reached in the subjects of Korean Language, Music, Arts, Physical Education, Mathematics, English, etc., which had been thought to have nothing to do with environmental education. It was also found that the contents of each subject could deal with its own unique environmental contents. The result of this study can keep all subject from overlapping in environmental contents, and can make the most of each subject’s characteristics. Also, the result of this study will be referenced in developing the teaching and learning materials for environmental education according to each subject.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.37 no.5
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• pp.665-675
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• 2007

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore the experiences of people with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) in Korea. The specific aim was to identify major problems that people with CHB face and strategies that they are dealing with. Methods: A grounded theory method was utilized. The data were collected by individual in-depth interviews from 12 CHB patients from one of the major hospitals in Korea. Results: After constant comparative analysis, a core category emerged as "illness management with self-reliance and will." Seven major strategies that were identified in dealing with the illness were maintaining receptive and positive attitudes; restraining excessive work and greed; searching for information; controlling illness information; adhering to practices for not spreading the viral disease; abstaining from alcohol and smoking and maintaining healthy eating habits; nd using alternative therapies. The outcomes that result from employing these strategies were identified as burden, depression and helplessness, stress for maintaining compliance, and dispirited interpersonal relationships. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that most people with CHB in Korea have problems in psychosocial area. Thus health professionals need to provide not only informational support but also emotional one to improve quality of life of the people with CHB.

• Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.123-132
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• 2020

Purpose: This study examined the influence of nurses' communication competency, critical thinking disposition, and perception of patient safety culture on patient safety competency in armed forces hospitals. Methods: A crosssectional design was employed with a convenience sample of 204 nurse officers from four armed forces hospitals in South Korea. Data were collected through a self-administered questionnaire from August 10~23, 2019, and analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and multiple regression. All analyses were conducted using SPSS for Windows 21.0. Results: Patient safety competency scores were 4.35±0.40 for patient safety attitudes, 3.63±0.64 for patient safety knowledge, and 3.94±0.51 for patient safety skill. Communication competency, critical thinking disposition, and perception of patient safety culture were positively correlated with patient safety competency. Communication competency (β=.30, p=.002) and perception of patient safety culture (β=.24, p=.001) were identified as particularly important factors influencing patient safety competency. Conclusion: This study's results suggest that education programs to enhance communication competency and patient safety culture could increase patient safety competency among nurses in armed forces hospitals.

• Asia Pacific Journal of Business Review
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.37-62
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• 2017

To analyze the effects of R&D expenditure on the firm value of Korean firms, we classified portfolios based on R&D activity levels. After that, we conducted a time-series analysis to assess excess returns from the portfolios. To carry out such an analysis, an empirical analysis of excess returns in the capital market was performed by using the monthly earning rate of stocks from 2000 to 2013. The purpose of this research is to provide basic data on investment to stakeholders in the capital market by analyzing the effects of R&D on the firm value and to overcome scholarly limitations by offering a new model of analysis. The criteria for classifying the portfolios were based on R&D expenditure levels. The analysis models follow the Fama-French Three-Factor Model and the Carhart Four-Factor Model. The analyses results are as follows. Extrapolating monthly profit rates based on R&D expenditure levels, portfolios with low R&D expenditures showed higher earning rates than those with high R&D expenditures. This suggests that high R&D expenditures did not translate into high earning rates. The investor depreciates the R&D expenditures related profitability and the possibility of success in the market, leading to falls in stock prices and a failure to give a positive effect on the firm value. Our research differs from the previous investigations as we carried out an empirical analysis based on the actual investors' attitudes about R&D expenditures and how these can generate excess earnings. Our research results show that the data related to R&D expenditure are not reflected fully in the market.

• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.259-275
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• 2008

Children are an important target of health promotion activities due to the life long effects. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate a nutrition education program offered to primary school students by community health centers. Eight hundred and twenty-six children from 4 primary schools in Seoul voluntarily attended the program. Teachers taught the classes with materials that were provided to them. The subjects were asked to fill out a questionnaire before and then after completion of the program. The data were analysed by SPSS. The results showed that there were significant positive differences in the children's nutrition knowledge scores after the program (p<0.001). In terms of dietary attitude, the rate of 'yes' responses, as a desirable answer to many questions, had increased (p<0.001); however, this positive change in scores was not statistically significant. For dietary habit changes, it was shown that the proportion of children regularly eating breakfast five days a week had improved to 3.3%. And the proportion of children eating fast foods and instant foods decreased. There was no change in fruit intake, but vegetable intake increased (p<0.001). However, the children's overall dietary habit scores did not show a significant change. In the evaluation of the program, 52.3% of the subjects answered that was helpful, and they viewed 'fast food' as the most interesting topic, whereas 'nutrition labeling' was the most difficult topic in the program. The program's effectiveness was positive in terms of enhancing the 'nutrition knowledge', 'dietary attitudes', and 'dietary habits' of the children. Therefore, the above results indicate that this type of program, provided by community health centers, was effective for nutrition education.

• The Journal of Korean Association of Computer Education
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.35-45
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• 2017

Factors influencing the attitude towards the use of robot-based instruction in special education are explored using the technology acceptance model (TAM). Their interrelatedness is also analyzed. Research data were obtained via a questionnaire survey of elementary, middle, and high school special education teachers in North Chungcheong Province. The results reveal that three factors influence the attitude towards using robot-based instruction in special education: perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and social influence. Of these, perceived usefulness exerts the strongest influence. Perceived ease of use was found to be influenced by personal innovation and social influence, and perceived usefulness is influenced by perceived ease of use and personal innovation. Efforts should be made to induce a receptive attitude towards the use of robot-based instruction among teachers for its stable acceptance.

• Publications of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.705-707
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• 2015

Astronomical observation is the beginning of scientific attitudes in the history of mankind. According to Indian tradition, there existed 18 early astronomical texts (siddhantas) composed by Surya, Pitamaha and many others. Varahamihira compiled five astronomical texts in a book named panchasiddhantika, which is now the link between early and later siddhantas. Indian scholars had no practice of writing their own names in their works, so, it is very difficult to identify them. Aryabhata is the first name noticed, in the book Aryabhatiya. After this point most astronomers and astro-writers wrote their names in their works. In this paper I have tried to analyze the works of astronomers like Aryabhata, Varahamihira, Brahmagupta, Bhaskara I, Vateswara, Sripati and Bhaskaracharya in a modern context and to obtain an account of Indian astronomical knowledge. Aryabhata is the first Indian astronomer who stated that the rising and setting of the Sun, the Moon and other heavenly bodies was due to the relative motion of the Earth caused by the rotation of the Earth about its own axis. He also estabished the 'yuga' theory (one Mahayuga = 432000 years). Varahamihira compiled panchasiddhantika and wrote Brihatsamhita. Brahmagupta is the most distinguished astronomer known to us. His two major works are i) Brahmasphutasiddhanta and ii) Khandkhadaka. Bhaskara I was the follower of Aryabhata. His three known works are Mahabhaskariya, Laghubhaskariya and Aryabhatiyabhasya. Vateswara follows Aryapaksha and Saurapaksha. His master work is Vateswarasiddhanta. Sripati, in his siddhantasekhara, gives the rules for determining the Moon's second inequality. Bhaskara II wrote the most comprehensive astronomical work in Indian astronomy. The result of these works is the account of the Indian astronomical heritage. These works are written in the Sanskrit language. A very few of these manuscripts have been translated in English but many are yet to be done. So, it is necessary to translate these astronomical texts into English with proper commentary for modern scholars. This paper will be helpful in this work.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.451-460
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• 1996

The ethical issue is one of the most important themes in both science and environmental education. Especially related to the right of other species, animal dissection has been brought about two contradictory attitudes. In spring 1996, a survey was conducted to assess the status of animal dissection in secondary schools and the awareness of 94 biology teachers and 422 secondary students toward animal dissection. And the meaning of animal dissection in biology class was discussed in terms of environmental education. The findings were as follows: First, most of students(96.6%) had participated once or twice to animal dissection experiments(eg. fish, frog, shellfish, cuttlefish and chicken). And about half of teachers (57.4$\sim$64.9%) and some students(41.9%) felt ethical conflict in animal dissection. Second, many teachers(81.0%) and students(87.1%) thought that animal dissection was effective method to achieve the goal of biology education, but they needed more consideration on the respect for life in animal dissection experiment. Third, many teachers(88.3%) had students, who objected to animal dissection, participate obligatorily or passively. Fourth, teachers and students thought that audio-visual media such as video(teachers 63.5%, students 39.7%), computer simulations(teachers 31.7%, students 28.1%) and models(teachers 22.2%, students 24.1%) could be effective as alternatives. These findings suggest that animal dissection experiment, although it is needed to achieve the goal of biology education, requires careful consideration on the rights of animal and the respect for life, and alternatives for students who object to animal dissection in biology class.

• Hwankyungkyoyuk
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.101-111
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• 1993

The Korean National Commission for Unesco has helped Korean Unesco Associated Schools undertake environmental studies within the framework of education for international understanding, cooperation and peace from 1991 - 1993. The environmental studies enjoyed participation by nine Associated Schools among 35 throughout the country, with each school on a different theme each year. Environmental studies by the Unesco Associated Schools are differentiated from those by the former continues to work on environmental or Provincial Boards of Education. The former continues to work on environmental education, longer than 1 - 2 years, and they can also capitalize on the international networks of the ASP, which may be instrumental to understanding the worldwide nature of the environmental issues these days. This paper contains a breif explanation of the cases of environmental studies by level of education from primary to teacher education level. It is argued that through the study, the students of Unesco Associated Schools well recognize the seriousness of environmental problems facing mankind and will have positive attitudes and values towards the preservation of our environment. It is also argued that the studies result in a variety of useful teaching/learning methods for environmental education: students visit to polluted areas. survey, composition of works with environmental themes such as posters, poems, organization of discussion by the students on environmental problems, exhibition, international correspondence, etc. The studies also have produced various helpful reaching/learning materials : photos, slides, scrapbooks of articles on environmental issues from newspapers, etc. However, several problems also emerged through the studies. A few of them are described here ; First, focus on the extra-curricula activity rather than regular curricula results in the neglect of the knowledge base of environmental education. Second, only a part of the all 35 Associated Schools have participated in the project. Third, primary and first secondary students have difficulty in using foreign language which is vital for international activities.