• 대한화학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.17-24
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• 1963

本硏究에서는 韓國産 灰重石($CaWO_4$)에 關하여 固相一液相界面에 있어서의 電氣化學的 性質을 電氣泳動法으로 調査하고 한便 浮遊性에 關하여서는 捕收劑로 Dodecyl ammonium chloride(D.A.C.라 略稱)와 Sodium dodecyl sulfate(S.D.S.라 略稱)를 使用하여 Hallimond tube 試驗, 接觸角測定 及 吸着量測定等의 捕收劑 이온이 鑛物表面에 吸着하는데 있어서 電氣的인 相互作用이 重要한 役割을 하고 있다는 것을 實證하였다. 卽 電氣泳動法으로 鑛粒의 水溶液中에 있어서의 mobility를 測定한 結果 灰重石의 境遇에는 $Ca^{++}$ 或은 $WO_4^{--}$이 界面 電氣特性을 決定하는 potental determining ion이라는 것이 確認되었고 水溶液中에 있는 $Ca^{++}$의 增加는 鑛粒界面의 陰電荷를 減少하며 $WO_4^{--}$의 增加는 그 陰電荷를 增加한다는 것을 알수 있다. 이와같은 表面에 "陰이온系"의 S.D.S. 或은 "陽이온系"의 D.A.C.를 作用시키면 當然히 S.D.S.는 $Ca^{++}$의 增加에 따라 吸着量이 增加되어 浮遊性이 增大되고 한便 D.A.C. 때는 反對로 $WO_4^{--}$이 增加하는데 따라 吸着量이 增加되며 따라서 浮遊性도 增大된다고 불수 있고 實地로 捕收劑吸着量의 測定 및 Hallimond tube 實驗은 이것을 立證하고 있다. 이러한 基礎的인 究明은 灰重石浮選理論의 根幹이 되는 것이고 從來의 浮選法 改良에 對한 指針이 될수 있다고 生覺한다.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제43권1호
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• pp.10-15
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• 2006

Photoluminescence (PL) and crystal structures of the $(l-x)CaWO_4-xLi_2WO_4$ binary system added with $Eu_2O_3$ activator have been characterized. The $CaWO_4\;and\;Li_2WO_4$ have the scheelite and phenakite structures respectively. The $CaWO_4-Li_2WO_4-Eu_2O_3$ phosphors show the red luminescence of 613 nm peak wavelength. The wavelength range of excitation spectral band is $380\~470$ nm with the peak wavelength of 397 nm. The $0.88(0.5CaWO_4-0.5Li_2WO_4)-0.12Eu_2O_3$ showed the most superior luminescence characteristics. The effect of co-doping elements such as $Al_2O_3$ and rare-earth oxides on PL has been characterized. The co-doping elements deteriorated the luminescence intensity except the $Al_2O_3$ and $Gd_2O_3$. The PL characteristics of $CaWO_4-Li_2WO_4-Eu_2O_3$ phosphors have been compared to those of the alkali europium double molybdates (tungstates) of scheelite-related structure such as $LiEu(MoO_4)_2$ and $CsEu(MoO_4)_2$. The crystal structures of $(l-y)[(l-x)CaWO_4-xLi_2WO_4]-yEu_2O_3$ phosphors have been characterized using XRD data and rietveld refinement.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제34권9호
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• pp.2769-2773
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• 2013

Red phosphors $Ca_{(1-1.5x)}Eu_xWO_4$ and $Ca_{(1-2x)}Eu^_xNa_xWO_4$ were synthesized with various concentrations x of $Eu^{3+}$ ions by using a solid-state reaction method. The crystal structure of the red phosphors were found to be a tetragonal scheelite structure with space group $I4_1/a$. X-ray diffraction (XRD) results show the (112) main diffraction peak centered at $2{\theta}=28.71^{\circ}$, and indicate that there is no basic structural deformation caused by the vacancies ${V_{Ca}}^{{\prime}{\prime}}$ or the $Eu^{3+}$ (and $Na^+$) ions in the host crystals. Densities of $Ca_{(1-1.5x)}Eu_xWO_4$ were measured on a (helium) gas pycnometer. Comparative results between the experimental and theoretical densities reveal that $Eu^{3+}$ (and $Na^+$) ions replace the $Ca^{2+}$ ions in the host $CaWO_4$. Also, the photoluminescence (PL) emission and photoluminescence excitation (PLE) spectra show the optical properties of trivalent $Eu^{3+}$ ions, not of divalent $Eu^{2+}$. Raman spectra exhibit that, without showing any difference before and after the doping of activators to the host material $CaWO_4$, all the gerade normal modes occur at the identical frequencies with the same shapes and weaker intensities after the substitution. However, the FT-IR spectra show that some of the ungerade normal modes have shifted positions and different shapes, caused by different masses of $Eu^{3+}$ ions (or $Na^+$ ions, or ${V_{Ca}}^{{\prime}{\prime}}$ vacancies) from $Ca^{2+}$.

• 한국결정성장학회지
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.217-222
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• 2007

[ $(1-x)CaWO_4-xYNbO_4$ ]계에 대하여 $YNbO_4(0.05{\leq}x{\leq}0.4)$의 치환량 변화에 따른 마이크로파 유전특성을 고찰하였다. x=0.10 조성까지 정방정(tetragonal) scheelite 구조의 $CaWO_4$ 단일상이 확인되었고, 그 이상 첨가 시 fergusonite 구조의 2차상이 증가하였다. $YNbO_4$ 첨가량이 증가할수록 겉보기 밀도는 감소하였는데, 이는 $CaWO_4(6.117g/cm^3)$보다 $YNbO_4(5.581g/cm^3)$가 더 낮은 이론밀도 값을 갖기 때문이다. $YNbO_4$의 첨가량이 증가함에 따라 유전상수(K)와 품질계수(Qf)는 2차상의 증가와 밀도의 감소로 인해 감소하는 경향을 보였고, $YNbO_4$ 치환량에 따른 소결시편의 공진주파수 온도계수(TCF)의 변화는 존재상의 유전체 혼합 법칙(dielectric mixing rule)에 의존하였다.

• 한국결정성장학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.111-119
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• 2014

A novel pulsed laser ablation process in liquid was investigated to prepare scheelite-type ceramic [calcium tungstate ($CaWO_4$) and calcium molybdate ($CaMoO_4$)] nanocolloidal particles. The crystalline phase, particle morphology, particle size distribution, absorbance and optical band-gap were investigated. Stable colloidal suspensions consisting of well-dispersed $CaWO_4$ and $CaMoO_4$ nanoparticles with narrow size distribution could be obtained without any surfactant. Particle tracking analysis using optical microscope combined with image analysis was applied for a fast determination of particle size distribution in the prepared nanocolloidal suspensions. The mean nanoparticle size of $CaWO_4$ and $CaMoO_4$ colloidal nanoparticles were 16 nm and 30 nm, with the standard deviations of 2.1 and 5.2 nm, respectively. The optical absorption edges showed blue-shifted values about 60~70 nm than those of reported in bulk crystals. And also, the estimated optical energy band-gaps of $CaWO_4$ and $CaMoO_4$ colloidal particles were 5.2 and 4.7 eV. The observed band-gap widening and blue-shift of the optical absorbance could be ascribed to the quantum confinement effect due to the very small size of the $CaWO_4$ and $CaMoO_4$ nanocolloidal particles prepared by pulsed laser ablation in liquid.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2005년도 하계학술대회 논문집 Vol.6
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• pp.342-343
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• 2005

In this study,. the microwave dielectric properties of the $0.6TiTe_3O_8-0.4CaWO_4$ ceramics with sintering temperature were investigated for LTCC application. According to the X-ray diffraction patterns, the $0.6TiTe_3O_8-0.4CaWO_4$ ceramics had columbite structure of the $TiTe_3O_8$ phase and scheelite structure of the $CaWO_4$ phase. Increasing the sintering temperature, the bulk density, the dielectric constant and the quality factor of the $0.6TiTe_3O_8-0.4CaWO_4$ ceramics were increased. In the case of the $0.6TiTe_3O_8-0.4CaWO_4$ ceramics sintered at $810^{\circ}C$, the bulk density, the dielectric constant and the quality factor were 5.72$g/cm^2$, 33.6, 22,013GHz respectively.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제23권9호
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• pp.537-542
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• 2013

Two types of Tb- and Na-substituted green phosphors $Ca_{(1-1.5x)}WO_4:Tb_x^{3+}$: and $Ca_{(1-2x)}WO_4:Tb_x^{3+},Na_x^+$ were synthesized with various x values, using a solid-state reaction. The former phosphors contained both substitutional and vacancy point defects, while the later had only substitutional defects. X-ray diffraction results showed that the main diffraction peak, (112), was centered at $2{\theta}=28.72^{\circ}$ and indicated that there was no basic structural deformation caused by substitutions or vacancies. The photoluminescence emission and photoluminescence excitation spectra revealed the optical properties of trivalent terbium ions, $Tb^{3+}$. Typical transitions, $^5D_3{\rightarrow}^7F_6,\;^7F_5,\;^7F_4$ and $^5D_4{\rightarrow}^7F_6,\;^7F_5,\;^7F_4,\;^7F_3$, and cross relaxations were observed. Subtle differences in the photoluminescence of green phosphors were observed as a result of the point defects. The FT-IR spectra indicated that some of the ungerade vibrational modes had shifted positions and changed shapes, spreading out over a wide range of frequencies. This change can be attributed to the different masses of $Tb^{3+}$ and $Na^+$ ions and $V_{Ca}$" vacancies compared to $Ca^{2+}$ ions. The gerade normal modes of the Raman spectra exhibited subtle differences resulting from point defects in $Ca_{(1-1.5x)}Tb_xWO_4$ and $Ca_{(1-2x)}Tb_xNa_xWO_4$.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제17권8호
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• pp.442-446
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• 2007

Microwave dielectric properties of $0.85CaWO_4-0.15LnNbO_4$ (Ln = La, Sm) ceramics were investigated as a function of the sintering temperature and $Li_2WO_4$ content from 0.8 wt.% to 1.5 wt.%. A single phase with tetragonal scheelite structure was obtained at a given composition ranges. For the specimens with $Li_2WO_4$, the sintering temperature could be effectively reduced from $1150^{\circ}C$ to $900^{\circ}C$ due to the enhancement of sinterability. Dielectric constant (K) of the specimens with $LaNbO_4$ and $SmNbO_4$ was increased with the increase of sintering temperature and/or $Li_2WO_4$ content. However, K of the specimens with $LaNbO_4$ was higher than that of $SmNbO_4$ due to the larger dielectric polarizability $(\alpha)$ of $LaNbO_4$ ($18.08{\AA}$) than that of $SmNbO_4$ ($16.75{\AA}$). With an increase of $Li_2WO_4$ content, Qf value of the specimens with $SmNbO_4$ was decreased, while that of the specimens with $LaNbO_4$ was increased. Temperature coefficient of resonant frequency (TCF) was increased with the increase of $Li_2WO_4$ content.

• 자원환경지질
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.179-189
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• 2002

중국 호남성 침주시에서 북동 16 km지점에 위치하는 시죽원 다금속 광상의 지질은 원생대의 변성퇴적암류, 데본기탄산염암, 쥬라기 화강암류, 백악기 반암류 및 초염기성맥암으로 구성된다. 시죽일 다금속 광상은 중-조립질 흑운모화강암과 관련되어 있다. 광체의 산출상태, 광물의 산출상태 및 공생관계를 토대로 광화시기는 스카른, 그라이젠 및 열수시기로 나뉜다. 스카른 시기의 광체는 주로 Ca-스카른으로 천리산 화강암체 주변에 발달되며, 석류석, 휘석, 베수비아나이트, 규회석, 각섬석, 형석, 녹염석, 방해석, 회중석, 철망간중석, 휘창연석, 휘수연석, 석석, 자연창연, 미확인 Bi-Te-S계 광물, 자철석 및 적철석 등이 산출된다. 그라이젠 시기는 중-조립질 흑운모화강암의 잔류용액과 관련되며, 광체는 판상 및 맥상으로 구분된다. 이 시기는 주로 석영, 장석, 백운모, 녹니석, 전기석, 황옥, 녹주석, 인회석, 회중석, 철망간중석, 휘수연석, 휘창연석, 석석, 자연창연, 미확인 우라늄광물, 미확인 희토류광물로 구성되고, 소량의 황철석, 자철석, 황동석, 적철석 등이 산출된다. 회중석은 누대조직을 보이며, 중심부에서 MoO$_3$ 함량이 9.17%로 외곽보다 높게 나타난다. 철망간중석의 화학조성은 WO$_3$; 71.20~77.37 wt.%, FeO; 9.37~18.4 wt.%, MnO; 8.17~15.31 wt.% 및 CaO; 0.01~4.82 wt.% 이다. 석석의 FeO 함량은 1.30~4.75 wt.%이고, 스카른 시기가 높은 함량을 보인다. 자연창연의 Te 및 Se 함량은 각각 0.00~1.06 wt.%와 0.00~0.57 wt.%이다. 미확인 Bi-Te-S 계 광물은 Bl: 78.62~80.75 wt.%, Te: 12.26~14.76 wt.%, Cu; 0.00~0.42 wt.%, S; 5.68~6.84 wt.%, Se; 0.44~0.78 wt.%.이다.