• Archives of Reconstructive Microsurgery
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.80-87
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• 2000

Acute high speed accidents that results in full thickness skin defect and exposure of tendon, nerve, vessel and periosteum over denuded bone demands soft tissue coverage. Exposed bone often ensues chronic infection and requires free flap transplantation which surely covers defects in one stage operation and enhances transport of oxygen-rich blood and converts a non-osteogenic or partially osteogenic site into a highly osteogenic site, but exposed bone which had performed free flap transplantation sometimes necroses and needs secondary bone procedure. Scar contracture limits joint motion should be excised and covered with normal soft tissue to restore normal range of motion. Authors have performed the large latissimus dorsi myocutaneous free flap in 8 cases of extensive soft tissue defect and exposed bone lesion in the leg and 1 case of the flap was failed. The secondary ilizarov bone procedure was performed in 3 of 8 cases. 2 cases of large burn scar contracture and 1 case of posttraumatic scar contracture in lower extremity were restored with the large latissimus dorsi myocutaneous free flap. Authors concluded that large latissimus dorsi myocutaneous free flap is the most acceptable microvascular procedure in large soft tissue defect combined with exposed periosteum and bone requiring secondary bone procedure and in large burn scar contracture limiting knee joint motion.

• 대한구순구개열학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.95-100
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• 2009

In spite of all fine methods developed for treating cleft lip, a certain percentage of cases might still need secondary correction. Generally, secondary revision of cleft lip is much difficult to produce esthetic outcome, because the cleft lip scar gives a variable symmetrical and anatomic defect that may not be possible to make inconspicuous of this scar and rebuild good esthetics. In this case report, a five year-old girl was underwent secondary cleft lip repair using straight line technique to correct unfavorable postoperative scar, peaking of Cupid's bow, notching of vermillion and shortened lip on cleft side with simultaneous repairing cleft palatal fistula. After operation, the secondary deformity was much improved, but, long term follow up is needed to evaluate the additional postoperative deformity might be happen during growth.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제40권5호
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• pp.627-629
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• 2013

The ReCell system (Avita Medical) is a cell culture product that allows the immediate processing of a small split-thickness skin biopsy to produce a complete population of cells including keratinocytes, melanocytes, Langerhans cells and fibroblasts. This series is the first to highlight the reconstructive applications of ReCell following ablative skin cancer surgery. The ReCell system was utilized for three patients following skin cancer excision. In two cases, the cells were applied to forehead flap donor sites following nasal reconstruction. In one case, the cells were applied to the calvarial periosteum following wide local excision of a melanoma scar. Assessment of the treated area was performed using the patient and observer scar assessment scale after 1 year. The Patient and Observer Scar Assessment Scale (POSAS) scores for the 2 patients treated with ReCell following forehead flap surgery were 22 and 32. The score for the patient that underwent wide local excision of a melanoma scar was 45. The absence of a donor site, accelerated healing and the satisfactory aesthetic appearance of the mature scars in this series suggest that ReCell may play a useful role in reconstruction following skin cancer excision.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.81-88
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• 1999

A fibrin adhesive have been widely used in oral and maxillofacial surgery for microvascular anastomosis, autogenous chip bone grafts, many kinds of soft tissue surgery (vestibuloplasty, bleeding control after extraction, primary healing by covering of suture of a gum after the extirpation of large cysts). There are two principal components in adhesive systems biologically: lyophilized human fibrinogen and bovine thrombin. The fibrinogen component contains coagulation factor XIII and enhance the initial wound healing, which polymerizes soluble fibrin monomers into an insoluble clot. The thrombin is dissolved in a solution of calcium chloride to provide the second component. We applied fibrin adhesive, Beriplast (Behring, Behringwerke AG, D-3350, Marburg, FRD), to 4 patients for fixation of free skin grafting donors who had facial scar around eye, nose, mouth corner which received from accidents, or burn. We have experienced initial accelerated graft fixation between donor and recipient sites with no additional fixation. And It's made easy bleeding control and easy manipulation during operation. But two cases showed partial hypertrophic scar engrowth in above 3 months follow up, but no significant. Histopathological reviews in general were showed similar scar findings such as abundant collagen bundles in H&E, M/T stain, but slight positive signs in elastic and collagen antibody immunopathologic findings in hypertrophic scar cases.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.342-344
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• 2002

Apple scar skin viroid (ASSVd) has been one of the most destructive diseases in Korean apple orchards. Symptoms of the scar skin viroid disease were detected in various apple cultivars, namely, Sansa, Fuji, Chukwang, Miki-Life, Hongro, and Songbongeum cultivated in the southern part of Korea. The RNA molecules were extracted from the apples bearing dapple apple symptoms with the application of CF-11 RNA extraction method. The purified RNAs were used for the synthesis of cDNA with RT-PCR. The PCR products were cloned and sequenced. The viroid RNA molecules from the six different cultivars bearing the dapple symptos showed the same nucleotide sequences as that of the Korean strain of ASSVd（ASSVd-K). ASSVd-K was detected from apple orchards in Kunwi, Sangju, Uiseong, Yeong-yang, Andong, and Youngduk in Gyeongbuk Province in 2001, and in Muju in Jeonbuk Province in 2002. As the viroid disease could be propagated vegetatively, it can be widely transmitted gradually in Korea.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제43권6호
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• pp.491-497
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• 2016

Background Hypertrophic scarring is a pathological condition that occurs after trauma or surgery. Angiogenesis occurs more often with hypertrophic scarring than with normotrophic scarring. The regulation of angiogenesis is one of the key factors in hypertrophic scar management. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is an essential factor in the angiogenetic response. This study investigated whether decreasing the level of VEGF is effective for treating hypertrophic scarring. Methods Ten 8-week-old female New Zealand white rabbits were included. Four defects were created on each ear by using a 6-mm punch. Bevacizumab (Avastin, Roche Pharma, Basel, Switzerland) was administered in one ear and normal saline was administered in the other ear. Treatment was administered starting on day 2, every 2 days, until day 14. The levels of VEGF were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay on day 10 and histologic results were analyzed on day 40. Results Bevacizumab induced-defects showed less hypertrophic scarring when compared with the control group as measured by the scar elevation index (SEI) and loose collagen arrangement. The SEI in the experimental group was $1.89{\pm}0.13$, compared to $1.99{\pm}0.13$ in the control group (n=30, P=0.005). Additionally, the VEGF level was lower ($38.72{\pm}11.03pg$ vs. $82.50{\pm}21.64pg$, n=10, P=0.001) and fewer vessels existed ($8.58{\pm}0.76$ vs. $7.2{\pm}1.20$, n=10, P=0.007). Conclusions Preventing excessive angiogenesis is effective for preventing scar formation, especially with hypertrophic scarring. Although it is not an approach that is sufficient alone for the management of scarring, it may be one of several important strategies for scar treatment.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.521-524
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• 2004

본 연구는 short oligonucleotide primer를 이용하여 마 품종간 유전 분석을 실시 하고자 PCR증폭 기법을 확립하고, 확립된 기술을 이용하여 제주도에 사육중인 천념기념물 347호로 등록된 제주말과 경주마로 잘 알려진 더러브렛간의 유전적인 다양성을 분석한 결과 마 품종간 차이를 보이는 DNA marker는 9개의 primer에서 확인되었으며, 이중 6개의 primer에서 더러브렛 특이 밴드와 나머지 3개에서 제주 마 특이 RAPD 밴드가 확인되어 cloning과 sequencing후에 SCAR primer를 제작하여 마 품종 식별에 활용할 수 있을 것으로 사료되며, 본 연구결과 RAPD표지인자는 마 품종간의 유전 분석에 매우 유용한 것으로 판단되었다.

• 식물병연구
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.346-350
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• 2015

국내에서 재배되는 사과 '홍로'에 발생하는 Apple scar skin viroid병의 유전자 계통분석을 하기 위하여 바이로이드 증상이 나타나는 8개 지역(봉화, 청송, 당진, 김천, 무주, 문경, 수원, 영월)의 농가에서 수집한 시료를 RT-PCR 방법을 이용하여 바이로이드 검정을 실시하였다. 검출된 바이로이드의 클로닝과 유전자 염기서열 분석을 통해 8종의 분리주들을 확인하였고 한국, 인도, 중국, 일본 및 그리스에서 보고된 21종의 분리주와 염기서열을 비교하였다. 8개의 분리주들의 핵산 서열은 기존에 보고된 분리주들과 92.2-99.7%의 상동성을 나타냈다. 계통분석을 통해 본 연구에서 보고한 7종의 분리주들은 기존의 것들과 독립된 그룹에 속하는 것으로 나타났다.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.245-249
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• 2005

Various surgical procedures have been described for treating osmidrosis axillare. Elimination of the apocrine glands is prime goal. Optimal operative procedure is characterized as follows: minimal axillary scar(which has cosmetic merits), less complications such as hematoma and seroma, short and less painful recuperating period, minimal damage to the skin and low recurrence rate. Three types of incision technique in subdermal shaving method have beeb commoly used. First, single incision method has an advantage of minimal scarring but more recurrence due to incomplete removal of apocrine glands may occur. Second, double incision technique(Bipedicled flap) has advantages of complete excision, low recurrence rate and relatively minimal scarring, but it could cause frequent necrosis of skin and folding of skin flap. Skoog's method is the third method, which makes four flaps by offset cruciate incisions. It is a better technique in aspect of complete excision of apocrine glands and low recurrence rate but has disadvantages such as development of hypertrophic scar or scar contracture in the line that lies perpendicular to natural axillary skin crease. We used a modified procedure which has shorter length in vertical and transverse incision compared with the classic Skoog's method. We dissected further subcutaneous tissue through the diamond-shaped incision and utilize wide operation field that provide adequate excision of subdermal tissue and proper hemostasis. Between 1999 and 2004, we operated 160 osmidrosis axillare in 80 patients in this technique. Most patients obtained satisfactory result with very low complications. Hematoma or seroma 3.1% Infection 0.6% Partial wound disruption 10% Recurrence 1.2%. Modified Skoog's method for treating osmidrosis axillae could be a optimal technique providing wide operation field for adequate excision of apocrine glands and proper hemostasis and leaving relatively inconspicuous scar and low incidence of scar contracture.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제59권3호
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• pp.250-258
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• 2016

Objective : A common cause of failure in laminectomy surgery is when epidural, peridural, or perineural adhesion occurs postoperatively. The purpose of this study is to examine the efficacy of a temperature-sensitive, anti-adhesive agent (TSAA agent), Guardix-SG$^{(R)}$, as a mechanical barrier for the prevention or reduction of peridural scar adhesion in a rabbit laminectomy model. Methods : Twenty-six mature rabbits were used for this study. Each rabbit underwent two separate laminectomies at lumbar vertebrae L3 and L6, left empty (the control group) and applied 2 mL of the TSAA agent (the experimental group), respectively. Invasive scar formation or inflammation after laminectomy was quantitatively evaluated by measuring the thickness of the dura, the distance from the surface of dura to the scar tissues, the number of inflammatory cells in the scar tissues at the laminectomy site, and the concentration of collagen in histological sections. Results : At 6 weeks postsurgery, the dura was significantly thinner and the distance from the surface of dura to the scar tissues was greater in the experimental group than in the control group (p=0.04 and p=0.01). The number of inflammatory cells was not significantly different in the two groups (p=0.08), although the mean number of inflammatory cells was relatively lower in the experimental group than in the control group. Conclusion : The current study suggests that the TSAA agent, Guardix-SG$^{(R)}$, could be useful as an interpositional physical barrier after laminectomy for the prevention or reduction of adhesion.