• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.114-117
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• 2005

Although the removal efficiency of residual pesticides using tap water were ranged from -1.25 to $13.27\%$, the removal efficiencies of residual pesticides using both powder CaO and liquid CaO were $5.16\~l7.61,\;8.7\~41.59\%$, respectively. And those results showed much higher residual effect of the CaO washing than tap water washing. Natural CaO made by burning of scallop-shell considered to be a good reducing agent for pesticides. Furthermore, liquid CaO showed much higher removal efficiency than powder CaO. However, powder CaO also can be used as a good natural eliminator of pesticides in Mini-Tomato.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.37 no.5
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• pp.844-849
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• 2005

Bacteriocidal effect of calcium oxide (CaO, scallop shell powder) on reduction of microorganism in sesame leaf was evaluated through comparison with chemical sanitizers such as chlorine, ethanol, and hydrogen peroxide. CaO showed 0.55-1.49, 0.85-2.56, 0.16-1.08, 0.30-1.14, and $0.19-1.07\;log_{10}$ CFU/g reductions of total aerobic bacteria, total coliforms, Escherichia coli, Listeria monocytogenes, and Salmonella typhimurium respectively, indicating possible use of CaO as effective natural sanitizer.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.60-64
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• 2006

In this study, we evaluated bacteriocidal effect of CaO (scallop shell powder) for the reduction of microorganism in lettuce, and compared with main chemical sanitizers such as chlorine, ethanol, hydrogen peroxide. As a result, the effectiveness of CaO showed dramatic reduction rate for total aerobic bacteria, Escherichia coli, Bacillus cereus, Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, and Salmonella Typhimurium and were $5.9{\times}10^3,\;1.3{\times}10^5,\;5.9{\times}10^3,\;2.7{\times}10^6,\;3.6{\times}10^3,\;4.5{\times}10^3\;and\;2.6{\times}10^4$, respectively. CaO did not show better disinfecting efficiency than chlorine or hydrogen peroxide which were used as sanitizer. In Bacillus cereus case, it showed $10^6$ reduction rate, and were $10^2{\sim}10^5$ times better reduction than ethanol sanitizer. According to these results, CaO can alternate the currently used chemical sanitizers due to its natural origin as well as the effectiveness for sterilization.

• The Korean Journal of Malacology
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.137-143
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• 2012

This study was done to examine the effect of several diets (Phytoplankton = PHY, Shellfish Diet 1800 = INS, Oil type = OTE, Powder type = PTE) on growth, survival rate and biochemical composition of scallop juvenile Patinopecten yessoensis. The highest survival rate were observed in PTE + PHY (90%). The highest shell length and shell height was observed in PHY and PTE + PHY diet (P > 0.05). The growth with PTE and OTE diet was the lowest in shell length and shell height (P < 0.05). On the other hand, the shell width and meat weight were highest in PHY and PTE + PHY, while the lowest in PTE and OTE (P < 0.05). The content of fatty acids such as DHA and n-3 PUFA levels was significantly higher in the juvenile fed on PTE + PHY than in those fed on PHY and INS alone. Also, the total protein ranged 55.5 to 65.2% in PHY + INS, while 44.8%, 47.9% in PTE and OTE respectively. The RNA and DNA contents were the highest in PHY and PTE + PHY, while the lowest in PTE and OTE (P < 0.05). RNA/DNA ratio significantly higher in juvenile with PHY + INS than those with PTE and OTE alone (P < 0.05). The combination of PTE + PHY could improve the growth and survival of scallop juvenile. Our results suggested that PTE could partially replace live algae in bivalve laval rearing.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.65-69
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• 2006

In this study, we evaluated bacteriocidal effect of CaO (scallop shell powder) for the reduction of microorganism in Scomber japonicus and Pseudosciaena ciean manchurica, and compared with main chemical sanitizers such as chlorine, ethanol, hydrogen peroxide. As a result, the effectiveness of CaO showed dramatic reduction rate for total aerobic bacteria, Escherichia coli and Vibrio parahaemolyticus. The reduction rates of total aerobic bacteria for Scomber japonicus and Pseudosciaena ciean manchurica showed $2.6{\times}10^3\;and\;3.2{\times}10^4$ respectively; Those of Escherichia Coli were $6.3{\times}10^3\;and\;1.2{\times}10^4$, those of Vibrio parahaemolyticus were $5.4{\times}10^4\;and\;5.6{\times}\2.6{\times}10^310^4$, respectively. According to this result, bacteriocidal effect of CaO was about $10^4$ and was similar to bacteriocidal effects of other three chemical sanitizers. According to these results, CaO can alternate the currently used chemical sanitizers due to its natural origin as well as the effectiveness for sterilization.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.298-301
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• 2006

This study was investigated the bactericidal effects of calcium oxide (CaO) on three common foodborne pathogenic bacteria: Escherichia coli, Listeria monocytogenes, and Salmonella typhimurium. Each bacteria level was determined in a CaO solution (0.01, 0.03, 0.05, 0.10, 0.15, and $0.20\%$ [w/v]) exposed for either 15 sec, 30 sec, 1 min, 2 min, 3 min, 5 min, 10 min, or 30 min. All three bacteria were not greatly affected by CaO solutions at concentrations of 0.01 and $0.03\%$, however, the decline of E. coli $(99\%;\;2.78\;log_{10}CFU/mL)$, L. monocytogens $(45\%;\;1.44\;log_{10}CFU/mL)$, and S. typhimurium $(70\%;\;2.08\;log_{10}CFU/mL)$ was greatest when they were exposed to $0.05\%$ CaO solution for 10 min. Moreover, the bactericidal action of CaO was maintained for at least 24 h of storage. The results of this study provide evidence that CaO, as a substitute for synthetic chemical substances has potential for use in the disinfection and sanitization of foods and food processing equipment.