• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.86-90
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• 2020

Herb soy sauce was prepared by extracting rosemary, lemon balm, spearmint and peppermint at a low temperature in fresh soy sauce. The antioxidant and physicochemical properties of herb soy sauces were examined. Herb soy sauces were prepared by adding 2.5% (w/v) of herbs to fresh soy sauce at 60℃. The total polyphenol, DPPH%, ABTS% increased with extracting time but five minutes extraction with sufficient antioxidant herb soy sauce could be prepared. The antioxidant powers of herb soy sauces were higher in lemon balm extract, and the rosemary extract showed the lowest. Soy sauces added with herbs had lower pH and salinity (p<0.05) and higher sugar content than without herbs. The colorness according to the type of herbs showed significant difference.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.348-358
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• 2004

This study was conducted to examine contents of total acid and free amino acids in the Demi-glace with added quantity of Omija extracts. Firstly, The level of Total acid content of Demi-glace sauces was $1.08{\sim}1.89%$ and Omija extracts was $2.77{\sim}7.24%$. The more Omija extracts added, there was the higher total acid contents. Sauces and extracts of 5% Omija was the highest. Secondly, Total free amino acids contents of control was 2518.52mg%, and Omija sauces was $2261.52{\sim}2894.14mg%$. 2% Omija sauces was the highest among them. Hydroxyproline of total 34 free amino acids was the highest, and Glutamic acid 158.42mg%, Proline 78.90mg% was next in order. Arginine was the highest with $27.40{\sim}34.40mg%$ among 9 essential amino acids contents. Glutamic acid was the highest contents with $123.18{\sim}158.42mg%$. Compared to control's(0.41mg%), Omija added group was $20.63{\sim}27.82mg%$ and it was the highest increase. While other 15 amino acid was analyzed, Hydroxyproline was the highest contents with $1,737.22{\sim}2,205.80mg%$. Compared to control group(15.63mg%), proline was $57.01{\sim}78.90mg%$ Omija added group and it was increased with the highest contents. In essential amino acid, flavor enhancing amino acid and other amino acid were increased and the highest contents with 2% added Omija sauce. Thirdly, sensory characteristics of Demi-glace sauces based on overall preference, It was find that 2% added Omija was the best. 2% added was the best for color, flavor, taste, texture, overall acceptability(P<.001). In terms of Demi-glace sauces' gender preference, male and female people liked 2% added Omija color, flavor, taste, texture, overall acceptability. It was find that there was no significant differences between male and female.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.862-874
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• 2014

Salt-fermented fish and fish sauce are very important materials to make Kimchi. They provide good taste and plenty of nutrition to Kimchi during fermentation. However, it is difficult to purchase Korean salt-fermented fish or fish sauce out of Korea. Therefore, to generalize Kimchi for other countries, this research carefully compared the quality differences between Kimchi made with South East Asian fish sauce, which is fairly similar to traditional Korean salt-fermented anchovy extract (Aekjeot) in terms of taste and ingredients, and that made with traditional Korean salt-fermented anchovy extract. To determine quality differences among traditional Korean Kimchies made with different sauces, Korean-made salt-fermented shrimp, salt-fermented shrimp extract, salt-fermented anchovy and salt-fermented anchovy extract were used. Of the four Kimchis, the one made with salt-fermented anchovy extract was chosen as a control sample and compared with those made with three different South-East Asian fish sauces. In the sensory evaluation for acceptance of fish sauces, characteristics of taste, texture and overall acceptance showed significant differences. In the sensory evaluation for differences, characteristics of fish odor and crunchiness showed visible differences. For umami taste, all fish sauces received higher points than Korean salt-fermented anchovy extract (control sample), although the difference was not significant. Sensory evaluation and research results show that Kimchi can become a highly likable food overseas and Kimchi can substitute easily bought South-East Asian fish sauces for Korean salt-fermented fish sauces (Jeotkal).

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제55권3호
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• pp.267-277
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• 2022

This study investigated changes in the physicochemical and microbiological properties of fermented fish sauces based on the pacific sand lance Ammodytes personatus during fermentation according to rice koji treatments and salt contents. In total, six fish sauces were prepared, with rice koji treatment for 24 or 72 h before salt addition, and salt contents of 10 or 20%, including two controls to compare the response to different salt contents without koji treatment. The initial pH values of the sauces with koji treatments were notably lower than those of the controls. Over the 10 months of fermentation, the amino nitrogen contents of the sauces with 10% salt were higher than those with 20% salt, while the volatile base nitrogen value was also increased. In the microbial community, the initial numbers of lactic acid bacteria and mold were higher in the sauces with koji treatment than in the controls. After 8 months of fermentation, the free amino acid and organic acid contents were higher in the sauces with koji treatment than in the controls. Although the fermentation rate was affected to a greater extent by salt contents, the rice koji treatment also exerted a positive effect on the acceleration of fermentation.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.713-717
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• 2012

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of sodium habituation on thermal resistance of Staphylococcus aureus in various ready-to-heat (RTH) sauces. The strain mixture of S. aureus strains KACC10768, KACC10778, KACC11596, KACC13236 and NCCP10862 was habituated up to 9% of NaCl. The inocula of NaCl-habituated and non-habituated S. aureus were inoculated in 5 g portions of pork cutlet, meat and Carbonara sauces at 7 Log CFU/g, and the samples were vortexed vigorously. The inoculated samples were then exposed to 60 and $70^{\circ}C$ in a water-bath, and survivals of total bacteria and S. aureus were enumerated on tryptic soy agar and mannitol salt agar, respectively, every 30 min for 120 min. At 60oC, the cell counts of total bacteria and the significant difference in survivals between sodium-habituated and non-habituated S. aureus were observed only in the Carbonara sauce; the tailing effect, which is the period of no reduction of bacterial cell counts, was observed in pork cutlet, meat and Carbonara sauces subjected to $60^{\circ}C$. At $70^{\circ}C$, total bacterial populations and sodium-habituated and non-habituated S. aureus cell counts in meat and Carbonara sauce also significantly decreased (p<0.05) after 30 min of heat treatment, followed by the obvious tailing effect. Sodium-habituated S. aureus cell counts in meat and Carbonara sauces were higher (p<0.05) than those of non-habituated S. aureus at $70^{\circ}C$. The results indicate that sodium habituation of S. aureus cells may increase the thermal resistance of the pathogen in RTH sauces; moreover, heating RTH sauces for a short time before serving may not sufficiently decrease the cell counts of S. aureus, particularly for sodium-habituated strain.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제33권5호
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• pp.383-387
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• 2000

액젓을 분광광도계로 최대 흡수파장을 scanning 하고, 12개월 숙성된 멸치액젓에 glucose, MSG, IMP, 카라멜색소 및 타르색소를 첨가하여 저장기간에 따라 색도의 변화를 측정하여 액젓의 품질 판정을 위한 지표로서의 사용가능성을 조사한 결과는 다음과 같다. 액젓의 종류별, 희석비별, 첨가색소별, 첨가물별에 따라서 scanning한 결과, 453nm에서 최대 흡광도를 나타내었고, 분광광도계로 453 nm에서 측정한 시판 멸치액젓의 색도는 직시색차계로 측정한 ${\delta}E$값 (색차)보다 감도가 더 좋았으므로, 액젓의 색도 측정시 직시색차계보다는 분광광도계로 453 nm에서 측정하는 것이 더 적합할 것으로 판단되었다. 숙성기간 중에는 색도값이 일정하게 증가하였으며, 까나리액젓이 멸치액젓보다 그 값이 높았다. 첨가물의 영향은, 당 (glucose)과 질소화합물 (MSG, IMP)을 첨가한 시료는 저장기간 동안 색도값이 일정하게 증가 하였으며, 농도별에 따른 큰 차이는 없었다. 색소의 영향은, 카라멜색소를 첨가한 액젓의 색도값은 첨가농도가 높을수록 높았으며, 저장기간중에 일정하게 증가하였다. 한편, 타르색소를 첨가한 액젓은 첨가농도 $0.003{\%}$ 및 $0.005{\%}$에서 저장 15일 후에 색도값이 급격히 증가하였으며, 저장기간 중에도 일정하게 증가하였다.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제27권5호
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• pp.512-520
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• 2017

This study was carried out to develop concentrate of residual jujube flesh around the seed as a thickening agent of Bulgogi sauce. Quality characteristics and sensory test of Bulgogi sauces added with jujube concentrate (30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%) were evaluated in comparison with control sauce containing xanthan gum as a thickening agent. Moisture content of Bulgogi sauce added with 30% jujube concentrate was the highest (74.59%). As content of jujube concentrate increased, moisture contents in Bulgogi sauces significantly decreased. Sugar content of control sauce ($30.82^{\circ}Bx$), was lowest among the sauces. As content of jujube concentrate increased, Sugar content of sauces significantly increased ($33.00{\sim}34.38^{\circ}Bx$). Salinity (%) was highest in control sauce (1.38%), and there was no difference in salinity among the sauces depending on the amount of jujube concentrate. Viscosity was highest in sauce added with 50% jujube concentrate (43.33 cP) and lowest in sauce with 30% jujube concentrate (13.20 cP). As content of jujube concentrate increased, viscosity tended to increase significantly. Spreadability was highest in sauce added with 30% jujube concentrate (8.88 cm). As the amount of jujube concentrate increased, spreadability of sauce tended to decrease significantly. Color value was different according to the contents of jujube concentrate in sauces. L-, a-, and b-values of control sauce were highest at 40.19, 1.5, and 24.57, respectively. The results of the sensory test for Bulgogi sauce showed that overall preference was significantly highest in sauce added with 35% jujube concentrate. Moreover, sauce added with 35% jujube concentrate was preferred the most in terms of appearance, taste, and fluidity. Meanwhile, the results of the differentiation test showed a significant difference in color intensity, jujube flavor and taste, sweet taste, and salty taste. However, no significant difference was observed in fluidity. The results of the preference test for Bulgogi seasoned with sauces added with jujube concentrate showed that overall preference and flavor, taste, and texture preference were highest in Bulgogi seasoned with sauce added with 35% jujube concentrate. However, no significant difference was observed in preference towards appearance among the samples.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.149-155
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• 2012

본 연구는 고급 장류인 궁중간장과 한식간장 및 시판 개량 간장의 갈변도, 총 phenol 함량, SOD 유사활성, 항균활성, 혈전용해능, ${\alpha}$-glucosidase 및 lipase 억제효과를 한외여과기로 분획된 1,000 이하 저분자 물질과 1,000 이상 고분자 물질의 분획물을 이용하여 in vitro에서 측정하였다. 분자량이 1,000 이하 및 1,000 이상 궁중간장류의 분획물의 갈변물질에 따른 갈변도는 각각 $0.101{\pm}0.001\sim0.206{\pm}0.006$과 $0.486{\pm}0.145\sim02.503{\pm}0.008$ 범위 흡광도 값을 보였으며, 궁중간장류 중 꽃장의 갈변도가 가장 높았다. 총 페놀 화합물 함량에 있어서, 분자량 1,000 이하 궁중간장류 분획물은 $101.55{\pm}1.49\sim0114.00{\pm}0.11$ mg/L 범위에서 측정되었으며, 이는 일본 및 중국에서 제조된 시판 개량간장에 비해 높았다. 그러나 분자량이 1,000 이상의 분획물에서는 일본 및 중국에서 제조된 시판 개량간장들보다는 낮았다. 궁중간장류의 항산화 활성은 대부분 1,000 이하 분획물 시료에서 평균 51%의 SOD 유사활성을 보였으며, 한식간장과 시판 개량간장들보다 높게 나타났다. 혈전용해능 및 항균활성에 있어서는 본 연구에 사용된 모든 간장 분획물 시료에서는 뚜렷한 결과를 얻지 못했다. ${\alpha}$-glucosidase 저해활성은 분자량이 1,000 이하의 분획된 궁중간장류는 $6.34{\pm}1.51\sim8.79{\pm}0.81$% 범위에서 저해활성을 보여 한식간장과는 유의적인 차이가 없었으나 시판 개량간장들보다는 약 2.9배 높은 유의적 차이를 보였다. 분자량이 1,000 이상의 분획물은 꽃장(75%)을 제외하고는 평균 약 6.7%로 한식간장 및 국내 제조 개량간장들과는 유의적 차이가 없었다. 분자량 1,000 이하 및 이상 분획된 간장 시료들로부터 lipase 저해활성은 시판 개량간장들에서는 거의 볼 수 없었으며 대부분 궁중간장인 청장, 덧간장, 진장, 어육간장 시료들에서만 lipase 저해활성을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.516-521
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• 2016

달맞이꽃 발효액의 식품소재로서의 활용방안을 모색하기 위하여, 달맞이꽃 발효액을 이용한 양념육 소스의 제조 가능성을 검토하였다. 발효액을 각각 5%, 10%, 15% 첨가한 양념육 소스의 pH는 5.23~5.37을 나타내었고, 유리당 함량은 첨가량이 증가할수록 증가하였으며, 색도는 L, a, b값 모두 발효액 첨가가 증가할수록 감소하였다. DPPH 라디칼 소거능과 지방산패억제능은 발효액 첨가가 증가할수록 증가하였으며, 총균수는 3.35~3.69 log CFU/g의 범위를 나타내었으나, 대장균군은 검출되지 않았다. 관능검사 결과 발효액 5% 첨가 양념육 소스가 맛, 색 그리고 종합적 기호도에서 가장 우수하였다. 발효액첨가 양념육 소스의 $10^{\circ}C$에서 25일간 저장 기간중 소스의 pH는 뚜렷한 변화를 나타나지 않았으며, 산도 역시 저장 초기수준(0.6%)을 유지하였다. 저장기간 동안 총균수는 급격한 증가현상은 관찰되지 않아 저장 25일째에 총균수는 3.62~3.83 log CFU/g의 범위를 나타내었다. 저장기간 중 대장균군은 모든 처리구에서 검출되지 않았다.

• 수산해양교육연구
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.607-614
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• 2011

This study was conducted to understand the quality characteristics of 20 kinds of commercial salt-fermented anchovy & sand lance sauces by measuring their the chemical compositions and 9 biogenic amines (tryptamine, 2-phenylethylamine, putrescin, cadaverine, histamine, tyramine, serotonin, noradrenaline, spermine) contents. The commercial salt-fermented anchovy sauces contained $65.84{\pm}0.11{\sim}70.60{\pm}0.21%$ of moisture, $20.50{\pm}0.41{\sim}25.60{\pm}0.42%$ of salinity, $0.98{\pm}0.01{\sim}2.05{\pm}0.05%$ total nitrogen, and $1,011.77{\pm}0.00{\sim}1,724.56{\pm}9.72mg/100mL$ of amino nitrogen. Histamine was the major amine detected in salt-fermented fish sauces and it was varied from 421.27 to 1,507.18 mg/kg in salt-fermented anchovy sauces, whereas commercial salt-fermented sand lance sauces contained $67.87{\pm}0.28{\sim}69.63{\pm}0.17%$ moisture, $22.46{\pm}0.28{\sim}26.11{\pm}0.00%$ salinity, $0.92{\pm}0.01{\sim}1.71{\pm}0.05%$ total nitrogen, $878.20{\pm}0.00{\sim}1430.09{\pm}9.77mg/100mL$ amino nitrogen and 419.10~1,025.50 mg/kg histamine, respectively. These findings suggest that the products of salt-fermented fish sauces have pretty much the same in ingredient composition and meet domestic criteria but most those had high biogenic amine contents. Therefore, ingredient composition and biogenic amine content of commercial salt-fermented fish sauce products were practicable evaluation of the quality characteristics.