• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
• /
• v.27 no.6
• /
• pp.666-676
• /
• 2012

The purpose of this study was to propose effective marketing communication strategies for overseas Korean restaurants through a multilateral comparison analysis of American, Chinese, and Japanese consumers' attitudes towards communication media and Korean restaurants. The survey was written in English, Chinese, and Japanese, with guideline for surveyors, and conducted using both online and offline methods. Samples were collected from five major cities - Los Angeles, New York, Tokyo, Beijing and Shanghai, which are the foothold for the globalization of Korean food. When it comes to attitudes towards communication media, word-of-mouth showed a high mean value, indicating it as the most useful and reliable media recognized by consumers who visited Korean restaurants. Furthermore, the necessity of recognizing the importance of visual communication in the physical environment of Korean restaurants and specialized websites, featuring restaurants and gourmet food, was observed. Consumers in all three nations chose word-of-mouth as the most useful and reliable media for learning about Korean restaurants. In addition, American consumers highly depended on signage and restaurant exteriors. Chinese consumers highly recognized the usefulness and reliability of offline media, such as newspapers, magazines, and events, while Japanese consumers considered online media, such as gourmet websites, blogs and social networks, as useful and reliable sources. A significantly positive attitude and high value was observed in all who had visited Korean restaurants. American and Japanese consumers had a significantly higher rate of intention to visit Korean restaurants in the future and to tell others about their satisfaction with Korean restaurants. Meanwhile, the average rate of prior preference for Korean restaurants (when choosing restaurants) was the lowest in all three countries. This study is useful for both the Korean government and food enterprises abroad to plan and develop marketing communication strategies properly for overseas Korean restaurants.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.19 no.5
• /
• pp.451-458
• /
• 2018

This study was conducted to determine the association between quality of sleep (QOL) and the general characteristics, the health-behavioral factors, and the occupational characteristics of firefighting officers. The survey was conducted in October 2016 with a self-administered questionnaire using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) developed by Pittsburgh University, targeting 600 male firefighting officers working at five fire stations in D city. As a result, the QOL of the study subjects measured by the PSQI revealed 13.2% to be good, and 86.8% to be poor. In relation to general characteristics and health habits, the rate of the group who had poor quality sleep was significantly higher in those with a lower subjective health status, in the non-smoking group, and in the low sleep-quality group, compared to the good sleep-quality group. For occupational characteristics, the rate of those with poor quality sleep was significantly higher in groups such as the fire suppression group, the shift work group, the hard physical labor group, the group with a lower sense of satisfaction in their work, and in the group classed as unfit for the job but who were not considering quitting their jobs, compared to their respective counterparts. Multiple regression analysis revealed factors of influence with explanatory powers of 24.4% for subjective health status, alcohol use, subjective quality of sleep, career, job position, and physical labor. The results of this study suggest that the quality of sleep for firefighting officers is significantly related to general characteristics, health-behavioral characteristics, and occupational characteristics.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
• /
• v.31 no.4
• /
• pp.330-333
• /
• 2009

Alveolar bone resorption after extraction impairs the necessary bone volume and complicates the case for implant surgery and aesthetic implant prosthesis. Immediate implant surgery after extraction decreases the number of surgical procedures and the duration of treatment, while allowing minimum alveolar bone resorption and preserving the residual bone volume. Although immediate implant holds many advantages such as preservation of hard and soft tissue around the extraction socket, greater implant survival rate and higher patient satisfaction, various complications and high failure rate are discouraging factors for the clinicians. In this case report, severe alveolar bone resorption with soft tissue changes were predicted after the extraction of prolonged retained deciduous incisors and impacted maxillary canines and thus decided on immediate implant procedure. Immediate implant surgery after extraction was carried out with minimal bone reduction and tapered wide-neck implant to establish initial stability. Simultaneous bone graft was done by filling the defect area with iliac cancellous bone with additional onlay-type bone graft and absorbable membrane on the labial bone for upper lip support. A stable and esthetic result was obtained with shortened treatment period.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
• /
• v.24 no.1
• /
• pp.79-98
• /
• 2007

Objectives : The study of Traditional Korean medical therapy has recently become a popular academic field as proven to be an great alternative to the limitation of Western medical treatment. However, there has been little study examining the Quality of life to investigate the Effectiveness of Recent Traditional Korean Medical Therapy on Treating Allergic Rhinitis. Thus, this study aims to reveal the characteristics of Allergic Rhinitis patients, their clinical symptoms, and other accompanying diseases. Moreover, it attempts to investigate the sense of improvement and satisfaction from the Allergic Rhinitis patients treated with Traditional Korean Medical therapy by examining Quality of Life Questionnaires. Subject and Method : A total of 380 subjects that consists of allergic rhinitis patients and non patients were participated in this study. 330 allergic rhinitis patients were divided into two groups; the experimental group (230 subjects) was treated with Traditional Korean Medical therapy, and the control group (100 subjects) was not treated with any other therapy. Also, the normal control group (50 subjects) who had no symptoms of the allergic rhinitis was participated in this study as well. All the subjects were asked to answer to the questionaries that consist of two parts such as recalling the symptoms that they had 3 month ago, and describing the current symptoms that they had the present. The experimental group also was asked to answer the quality of life questionnaire before and after the therapy. Results: The results of investigating recent Traditional Korean therapy are as follows: 1. The reservoir rate of other disease was 39.0% in the control group and 34.8% in the experimental group. These were higher than the rate of the normal control (10.0%), which reveals the clinical characteristics of allergic rhinitis patients. 2. The symptoms of Allergic Rhinitis showed improvement after Traditional Korean medical therapy, which can be shown by its statistical significance. (p=.000<.001). 3. 97.0% of the Allergic Rhinitis patients treated with the Korean Therapy answered the improvement of symptom within 4 weeks, and 88.3% of the patients were satisfied with the Traditional Korean medical therapy. 4. The Nasal symptoms had prominently positive effect at the most as the symptoms significantly affect sleep disturbances, ocular symptoms, activity limitation, and emotional problems.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.14 no.10
• /
• pp.706-722
• /
• 2014

Government and public institutions have been releasing a number of mobile applications in order to provide diverse public services in the mobile environment. However, due to their one-sided and fragmented service with the lack of adequate care for users, the utilization rate is extremely poor. Therefore, this study, based on a relevant literature review, identified and derived the five key factors (usefulness, convenience, interactivity, information credibility, and social pressure) for users' mobile service adoption. Then, through in-depth interviews with five users and five experts regarding the 'business support app' of one public agency (H institution) that specializes in SMEs, we found that all of these factors are important for users' mobile service adoption. Users' satisfaction could be significantly improved through real-time response to their needs. In addition, providing them with useful and tailored information can lead to mutual trust between public institutions and users. Consequently, as these user-oriented services can increase users' loyalty and boost the utilization rate of the public apps, public institutions should always put persistent efforts to cope with users' demands.

• Archives of Reconstructive Microsurgery
• /
• v.20 no.1
• /
• pp.32-37
• /
• 2011

Purpose: Canalicular laceration is relatively common due to its exposed, vulnerable location in case of facial trauma. Conjunctivodacryocystorhinostomy has been the standard treatment for canalicular obstruction secondary to unrepaired canalicular laceration. In spite of a high rate of relieving tear-duct obstruction, this method is noted to be associated with low rate of patient satisfaction and a number of complications. The goal of this study is to report the good results of delayed lacrimal stent implantation with Mini Monoka$^{(R)}$ for patients whose canaliculi were not repaired by initial surgery. Methods: From May of 2005 to February of 2007, four patients who underwent delayed lacrimal stent implantation using Mini Monoka$^{(R)}$ in canalicular laceration were retrospectively reviewed. First, the previous scar incision was made over the lower lid and we identified the cut end of proximal lacerated canaliculus. The Mini Monoka$^{(R)}$ was passed through the punctum to the cut end of the proximal lacerated canaliculus. We identified the cut end of the distal lacerated canaliculus, whose cut end has rolled white edges after careful excision of the scarred lid tissue. We then passed Mini Monoka$^{(R)}$ through the lacerated inferior canaliculus. Using an operating microscope, we placed three interrupted sutures of 8-0 Ethilon to join the canalicular ends. Silicone stent was left in place for 6 months. The mean age of the patients was 48.5 years (range, 35 to 59 years). The time interval from initial trauma to delayed lacrimal stent implantation was between 3 and 31 days. Follow-up periods ranged from 12 and 20 months. Results: The results of reconstruction were classified into normal, fair and poor. Patent lacrimal drainage systems were achieved in three of the four cases. In one case, epiphora was encountered. No cases of stent displacement, conjunctivitis or granuloma formation were encountered. Conclusion: Even though canalicular reconstruction was delayed for a long time, attempting canalicular reconstruction would be acceptable before considering secondary operations like dacryocystorhinostomy and conjunctivodacryocystorhinostomy.

• Journal of The Korean Dental Society of Anesthesiology
• /
• v.14 no.4
• /
• pp.213-219
• /
• 2014

Background: Clinical use of propofol along with remifentanil for intravenous sedation is increasing in these days, but there are not enough researches to evaluate proper target concentration when these drugs are infused by using target controlled infusion (TCI) pump in dental treatment cases. In this study, we compared efficacy of TCI conscious sedation and target concentration of propofol when it used with or without remifentanil during conscious sedation with the help of a TCI for the surgical extraction of impacted teeth. Methods: After IRB approval, all the charts of patients who had undergone surgical extraction of impacted teeth under propofol TCI sedation for 6 months were selected and reviewed for this study. After reviewal of charts, we could divide patients in two groups. In one group (group 1), only propofol was selected for sedation and initial effect site concentration of propofol was $1{\mu}g/ml$ (n = 33), and in another group (group 2), both propofol and remifentanil was infused and initial effect site concentration of each drug was $0.6{\mu}g/ml$ and 1 ng/ml respectively (n = 25). For each group, average propofol target concentration was measured. In addition, we compared heart rate, respiratory rate, and systolic and diastolic blood pressure as well as oxygen saturation. Besides, BIS, sedation scores (OAAS/S), and subjective satisfaction scores were compared. Results: Between group 1 and 2, there were no significant differences in demographics (age, weight and height), and total sedation time. However, total infused dose and the effect site target concentration of propofol was $163.8{\pm}74.5mg$ and $1.13{\pm}0.21{\mu}g/ml$ in group 1, and $104.3{\pm}46.5mg$ and $0.72{\pm}0.26{\mu}g/ml$ in the group 2 with $1.02{\pm}0.21ng/l$ of the effect site target concentration of remifentanil, respectively. During sedation, there were no differences between overall vital sign, BIS and OAAS/S in 2 groups (P > 0.05). However, we figured out patients in group 2 had decreased pain sensation during sedation. Conclusions: Co-administration of propofol along with remifentanil via a TCI for the surgical extraction of impacted teeth may be safe and effective compared to propofol only administration.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
• /
• v.15 no.2
• /
• pp.133-145
• /
• 1999

The schools in the survey consisted of 61 schools where foodservice was managed by themselves and 49 schools where it was done cooperatively. According to the style managed, the urban style was 42 schools, the rural style was 46, and the island style was 22. With regard to the amount for each student that parents have to pay. it was 745 won at schools managed by themselves and 616 won at schools managed cooperatively. The budgeted amount was 75 won at schools managed by themselves and 97 won at schools managed cooperatively. The result showed that parents at schools managed for themselves paid much more for the cost of food and management. The mean area of kitchens was 31 pyong (102 sq. meters) in environment of cooking utilities, and management was done wherever they were needed. The budgeted amount was supplied from the Educational Office and parents. In the situation of utilities and instruments for cooking, the places to wash hands and flush toilets, which were regarded as sanitary facilities were insufficient. The rates of containing measuring instruments and thermometers for cooking were also insufficient. The list to be considered in the management of menu was concentrated on raising acceptance of students served, based on the order of the tastes of students served, the quantity of the cost, nutrition needed, and then facilities. The replies that leftover food was thrown away after meals were numerous and the rate of leftover food was reflected on the menu. In purchase and management, the rate of food needed to be purchased was calculated through experience. A private contract was chosen to purchase food. The frequency of purchasing food was usually once a day, which would nutritists examined food, concentrating on the order of quality, number, and price. In the management of operation, a schedule for making food was seldom formed, referring to it only at the time needed. All the food was made in a day but some special foods were made the day before they would be required. It shows the situation was thought to be the most important. Guidance for sanitation was carried out once a month and the content of the guidance was about the sanitary treatment of food. With regard to degree of satisfaction with the management of meal service, all the dietitian at schools managed for themselves and cooperatively were somewhat satisfied with all the questions about the budgeted amount of food, and management, the management of purchase, operation, and sanitation. However, they were not satisfied with the environment of facilities.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.13 no.7
• /
• pp.322-332
• /
• 2013

This study investigated the awareness and purchase status of the private dental insurance. Self-reported survey was conducted with patients over the age of twenties who visited dental institutions located in Seoul Metropolitan City and Gyeonggi Province. The demographic and health related characteristics of respondents were analyzed, and logistic regression was conducted to examine factors affecting the awareness and purchase of private dental insurance. Because only four years had been passed since the introduction of private dental insurance, the awareness and purchase rate was found to be low. However, the number of people considering subscription due to the economic burden of dental care service was relatively high. Factors affecting awareness were satisfaction of the national health insurance, purchase of private health insurance and private dental insurance, self-perceived dental health status, and smoking. The variables affecting purchase of dental insurance were age, awareness, purchase of private health insurance, smoking, number of visits to dental institution. Because qualitative and quantitative change would be made in the dental care utilization due to the rapidly growing dental insurance subscribers, further studies regarding the trend of purchase rate of private dental insurance and the effect of dental insurance on use of dental institution are needed.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
• /
• v.20 no.3
• /
• pp.100-112
• /
• 2014

This study investigates the characteristics of cookies added with yacon. The addition of yacon powder did not affect the density of the cookies and decreased pH level. The moisture content was the highest in the cookies with 12% of yacon. Spread ratio was the highest in the cookies containing yacon powder. The loss rate and leavening rate of the cookies decreased with increasing amounts of yacon powder. Lightness and yellowness decreased significantly while redness increased significantly with a high content of yacon powder in the formulation. The hardness of the control group was higher than that of the cookies prepared with different levels of yacon powder. The antioxidant activity was estimated by DPPH free radical scavenging activity and the total phenolic acid content in yacon powder and cookies. The consumer acceptability score for the 6% yacon cookie group ranked significantly higher than the other groups in overall preference, appearance, flavor, taste and color. Through this experiment, this study exhibited both the functional and health based benefits of yacon when it is added to cookies and confirmed the development feasibility of yacon cookies considering consumer satisfaction.