• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
• /
• v.5 no.2
• /
• pp.347-358
• /
• 1999

The purpose of this study was to explain the relationship between health promoting behavior and self-esteem, and the relationship between health promoting behavior and self-efficacy. The instrument of this study was a structured questionnaire included health promoting lifestyle, self-esteem and self-efficacy. The data were collected from August 24 to September 3, 1999 and analyzed by Cronbach alpha, descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Scheffe's test, Pearson's correlation coefficient and stepwise multiple regression by using SPSS/PC+ program. The results of research were as follows : 1. The average score of performance in the health promoting behavior variables was 2.61. The variable with the highest degree of performance was the sanitary life(3.14), whereas the one with the lowest degree was the professional health maintenance(1.50). The average score of self-esteem was 2.89, and self-efficacy was 6.60. 2. There was significant difference according to the demographic variables. The total health promoting behavior was predicted by age, religion, monthly income. personality, perceived health status and frequency of exercise. Self-esteem was predicted by religion, monthly income and personality. Self-efficacy was predicted by age, religion and personality. 3. There was a significant correlation between health promoting behavior and self-esteem, self-efficacy. 4. Self-efficacy was the highest factor (variable) predicting health promoting behavior. A total of 44.7% of the variance was explained in the total health promoting behavior by the self-efficacy, frequency of exercise, self-esteem, perceived health status and personality. In conclusion, this study revealed that self-efficacy, self-esteem may be important factors that can improve health promoting behavior. Therefore the findings of this study may provide significant basic data for health promoting program development.

• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
• /
• v.4 no.2
• /
• pp.225-234
• /
• 1998

Nutrition during childhood is essential for growth and maintenance of health. Good food habits developed during the childhood will contribute both to the healthy growth and the prevention of the degenerative disease of later life. Both parents and the providers in child care centers play an important role for children's good eating behavior. Therefore all child care programs should achieve recommended standards for meeting children's nutritional and educational needs in a safe, sanitary, and supportive environment to promote the healthy growth and development of children. The purposes of this study were to evaluate the foodservice management practices and assess the needs for a Central Production Unit by contacting the child care center' providers. This approach was achieved using a variety of qualitative and quantitative information including the general foodservice management practices and the needs for a Central Production Unit. An indepth face-to-face interview with structured-questionnaires was undertaken at 32 representative child-care centers in Seoul. Statistical data analysis was done using the SAS program for descriptive analysis and ANOVA. The number of national/public and private sectors were 11 respectively, followed by 10 licensed home day-care centers. Total average number of children in child-care centers was 54.3 $\pm$48.5. The foodservice productivity index in child-care centers was 4.8 minutes per meal for public child care centers, 6.0 for private child-care centers, and 9.8 for home child care centers. Home child care centers were found to have the lowest productivity index which indicated inefficient foodservice practice. The important factors in group purchasing were menus(39.6%) or close distance(39.6%) > type of foodservice operation(32.8%) > total number of meals(19.9%) > food costs(16.2%) in order. Average score of the efficiency for central food production in child-care centers was 3.80 $\pm$0.84 out of 5.

• Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing
• /
• v.10 no.2
• /
• pp.153-163
• /
• 2001

Purpose of the study was to identify the relationship between job stress and health promoting behavior(HPB) among nurses. Samples were 426 nurses working in some university hospitals which were chosen by convenient sampling. Data was collected by using constructed questionnaires from March 28th to April 7th 2001. The instruments used for in the study were 'The Health Promotion Behavior' which was developed by Park(1995) and 'The Job Stress' modified by Kim(1998). The data was analyzed by mean, standard deviation, t-test, ANOVA, Duncan test and Pearson's correlation coefficient in the SPSS program. The results were as follows : 1. The mean score of job stress was 3.51 which is meant to be 'more than moderate' level of stress. 2. The total mean score of health promoting behavior was 2.44; 'Management of Sanitary life' 3.12, 'Harmonious relation-ships' 2.95, 'Emotional support' 2.71, 'Diet control' 2.59, 'Self-achievement' 2.57, 'Self-control' 2.31, 'Healthy diet' 2.29, 'Rest and sleep' 2.26, 'Exercise and activity' 2.12, 'Regular diet' 1.91 and 'Professional health maintenance' 1.61 were shown in each HPB category. 3. There were not any statistical differences between job stress and general characteristics of nurses. 4. The health promoting behavior was significantly influenced by factors of age, marital status, education level, religion, position, career and family income of nurses. 5. There was not any correlations between job stress and health promoting behavior.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• v.30 no.12
• /
• pp.1667-1673
• /
• 2017

Antibiotics have long been of great benefit for people, both in the medical treatment of human disease and in animal food where they improve the growth performance and feed utilization during animal production. Antibiotics as in-feed supplements affect all stages of pork production, including the gestation, nursing, growing, and finishing stages, although the effects show stage-dependent differences. However, the use of antibiotics in animal feed has become a worldwide concern. This review describes why sub-therapeutic levels of antibiotic additives in animal feed have become an integral part of animal feeding programs for more than 70 years, particularly in pork production. It also discusses the threat of the long-term use of sub-therapeutic levels of antibiotics in pork production. In recent years, the effectiveness of in-feed antibiotics has tended to decrease. This review analyzes this change from various perspectives. First, the equipment used at pig farms has improved dramatically and is more sanitary. Worldwide, more pig farms use pig farrowing crates, gestation crates, piglet nursery crates, flooring devices, piggery ventilation and cooler systems, automatic pig feeders, piggery heating equipment, and artificial insemination systems. In addition, scientists have replaced the use of antibiotics with organic acids, fermented mash, probiotics, prebiotics, minerals, oligosaccharides, enzymes, herbs/flavors, and protein/amino acids, and have improved management and husbandry techniques. In addition, animal welfare legislation has been aimed at improving the quality of the floors and living space, ensuring that animals have permanent access to fresh water, and setting a minimum weaning age. Finally, the prospects and the possibility of replacing antibiotics in pork production are described, in line with recent research results.

• Women's Health Nursing
• /
• v.7 no.3
• /
• pp.293-304
• /
• 2001

The purpose of this study was to investigate the factors influencing health promoting lifestyles in college women thus providing the basic data necessary to establish a health promoting program. The subjects of this study were 274 college women, living in Seoul, Chung-Buk, and Kangwon, during the period from May 10 to July 15, 2000. The instruments for this study were the health promoting lifestyles scale developed by Bak, Insuk(1995), the self efficacy scale by Sherer et al. (1982), the social support scale by Su, Moonja(1988), the self-esteem scale by Rosenberg(1965) and the perceived health status scale by Lawton et al.(1982). The results of this study are as follows; 1. The average score for health promoting lifestyles was 2.45 on a 4 point scale. The health promoting lifestyles categories 'harmony relationships' (3.04) and 'sanitary life'(3.02) revealed higher scores, whereas scores for 'healthy diet' (2.32), 'exercise & activity' (2.14) and 'professional health management' (1.48) were lower. 2. The mean score for self-efficacy, social support, self esteem and perceived health status was 3.38 (on a 5 point scale), 2.88 (on a 4 point scale), 2.98(on a 4 point scale) and 3.08(on a 5 point scale) respectively. 3. Health promoting lifestyles showed significant positive correlation with self efficacy, social support, self esteem and perceived health status. 4. Stepwise multiple regression analysis revealed that the most powerful predictor of health promoting lifestyle was self efficacy. Self efficacy, social support, and perceived health status have significant effects on health promoting lifestyles. These predictive variables of health promoting lifestyles explained 25% of variance. Finally, the result of this study will provide important factors for the development of a nursing intervention program for the promotion of healthy lifestyles in college women.

• Child Health Nursing Research
• /
• v.3 no.2
• /
• pp.154-168
• /
• 1997

The purpose of this study were to define the degree of performance in health promoting lifestyle and to identify the variable related to performance in health promoting lifestyle of adolescents. The subjects of this study were 469 adolescents in the 4 high schools. The sample data were collected using a purposive sampling method from July 1 to July 27. The collected data were analysed by using descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and stepwise multiple regression with SPSS PC+ program. The results of this research were as follows. First, The means of performance in the health promoting lifestyle of adolescents revealed total 2.478 ; harmonious relationships 3.045, regular diet 2.236, professional health management 1.332, sanitary life 2.910, self regulation 2.558, emotional support 2.696, healthy diet 2.408, rest and sleep 2.651, exercise and activity 2.491, self actualization 2.466, diet control 2.408. The factor with the highest degree of performance was the harmonious relationships, whereas the one with the lowest degrees was the professional health management. Second, the relationship between the degree of performance in health promoting lifestyle and its related variable were as follows. (1) Performance in the health promoting lifestyle was significantly correlated with self esteem, self efficacy, health conception, perceived health status, mother's health promoting lifestyle, mother's health conception. (2) The most important factor that affects performance in the health promoting lifestyle of adolescents was self esteem. The combination of self esteem, health conception, mother's health promoting lifestyle, self efficacy, perceived health status accounted for 45.2% of the variance in health promoting lifestyle of adolescents.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
• /
• v.19 no.2
• /
• pp.1-13
• /
• 2002

The purpose of this study was to investigate the factors influencing health promoting lifestyles in undergraduate students thus providing the basic data necessary to establish a health promoting program. The subjects of this study were 392 undergraduate students, living in Seoul, Chung-Buk, and Kangwon, during the period from May 10 to July 15, 2000. The instruments for this study were the health promoting lifestyles scale developed by Bak, Insuk(l995), the hardiness scale by Suh, Yeonok(1995), the social support scale by Su, Moonja(l988), and the perceived health status scale by Lawton et al.(l982). The results of this study are as follows; 1. The average score for health promoting lifestyles was 2.47 on 4 point scale. The health promoting lifestyles categories ‘harmony relationships’(3.08) and ‘sanitary life’(2.97) revealed higher scores, whereas scores for ‘healthy diet’(2.31), ‘exercise ＆ activity’(2.20) and ‘professional health management’(1.48) were lower. 2. The mean score for hardiness, social support and perceived health status was 4.43(on 6 point scale), 2.91(on 4 point scale) and 3.11(on 5 point scale) respectively. 3. There was a statistically significant difference in degree of health promoting lifestyle according to religion(t=2.05, p=0.04) and spending money per month(F=2.98, p=0.03). 4. Health promoting lifestyles showed significant positive correlation with hardiness, social support, and perceived health status. 5. Stepwise multiple regression analysis revealed that the most powerful predictor of health promoting lifestyle was hardiness. Social support and perceived health status have significant effects on health promoting lifestyles. These predictive variables of health promoting lifestyles explained 24% of variance. Finally, the result of this study will provide important factors for the development of a nursing intervention program for the promotion of healthy lifestyles in Korean undergraduate students.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
• /
• v.12 no.3
• /
• pp.647-660
• /
• 2001

Forming health care management model in small-scale enterprises was the purpose of this study. For the purpose, we tried to investigate the characteristics of small-scale enterprises and analyzed the pattern of their health care management. The results are as follow: 1. The strength of health managing agency and technical supporting program lies in team approach by specialized manpower. However, if the liaison between each part of the organization is not smooth, the overall management will be very difficult. 2. Small scale enterprises are characterized by their short life after the establishment, use of rental building, lack of welfare facilities, weakness in sanitary management and aggregation of factories of similar type of industry. Because of these characteristics, it is very difficult to solve problem basically, such as improvement of working environment. Therefore, it is important to focus on health education and community based approach. 3. Many workers in small-scale factories are in middle and old age. They have health problems mainly related to personal habits. Implementation of an appropriate health promotion program is needed. 4. The number of workplaces, which should be managed by health managing agent. is increasing rapidly. But the number of health managing agent is limited. In the aspect of the requirement of manpower and equipment, training personal agent is more urgent than founding institutional agent. 5. The uniform method of health management hampers the choice of employer and workers. The types of provision of health management should be diversified. 6. For an efficient management, a frequent visit of personal agent and the following referral to a specialist should be done. The specialists in charge of secondary management are from the field of occupational medicine, occupational hygiene, ergonomics, etc. 7. The health management of small-scale facilities should have six components. They are community-based approach, multi-disciplinary cooperative system, program based on the need of recipient, forming partnership of employer and worker, change of lifestyle, and evidence-based program.

• Proceedings of the SAREK Conference
• /
• 2006.06a
• /
• pp.554-559
• /
• 2006

The currently common housing is obviously going to be under the reconstruction in just $20{\sim}30$ years, with the failure to satisfy the improvement of national income, diversification and advance of national demand. But, reckless and random reconstruction Induce the serious problem of environmental pollution involving the loss of national treasury and excess materials of constructions. In order to address such problem, the common housing of longevity, which can adequately cope with the changes of times and tastes of inhabiters, in the future, is arising as an alternative. Recently, the groundbreaking phase of common housing is also being considered as another alternative to resolve such problem. The common housing of longevity has an advantage to create a free and comfortable space in accordance with the tastes of inhabiters, as well as expanding the durability of building. But, the current facility system has an inability to deal with the sort of housing. Thus, the research paper is designed to make an analysis on problems of common housing in South Korea, which has made it difficult to handle a changing space, and based on the analysis, the paper is intended to make a review on the future-oriented facility service appropriate enough to deal with the changing aspects of space.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
• /
• v.22 no.6
• /
• pp.783-793
• /
• 2007

The purpose of this research was to investigate consumers' awareness and perception of the noble family food to popularize it. A total of 1,100 subjects lived in Seoul area participated in Web-based survey. Thirty eight percents of the participants were not even aware that there exists the noble family food and overall 63% of the participants merely have the idea of what the noble family food is. The impressions of the noble family food varied widely. Some of them were positive as the noble family food seems good for health and some were negative as it is not easy to cook. The results showed that many people are not interested in noble family food, however, there was a high behavioral intention to have it in their future meal plan. Participants responded that noble family food had not fully developed yet (mean=4.08), but it had potential to be world-wide excellent (mean=3.95). There was significantly high scored response that the noble family food should contain sanitary cooking process to popularize it (mean=4.16). Also participants addressed that it was necessary to use public relations through mass media (mean=4.02), and it required appropriate educational approach to the noble family food (mean=4.02). In addition, people perceived that traditional custom and the noble family foods were jointly connected by cultural events. On the other hand, there were low scored responses on developing of noble family food as a processed food to be generally accessible in daily life. In conclusion, the importance of public relations should be emphasized to popularize the noble family food. Also, increasing the number of places that sell noble family food would help to popularize it.