• Toxicological Research
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.87-91
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• 2008

The present study was conducted to monitor the level of triflumizole residues in fruits (apple and pear) and vegetable (cucumber) samples in order to assess risk posed by the presence of such residues to the consumer. Triflumizole was applied at a recommended dose rate to apple and pear pulps and to a cucumber sample. The samples were collected at harvesting time following several treatments (three and/or four treatments). Triflumizole was extracted with methanol and re-extracted into dichloromethane. The presence of triflumizole was determined by HPLC with UV detection at 238 nm following the cleanup of the extract by open preparative chromatographic column with Florisil. The versatility of this method was evidenced by its excellent linearity (> 0.999) in the concentration range between 0.2 and 4.0 mg/kg. The mean recoveries evaluated from the untreated samples spiked at two different fortification levels. 0.1 and 0.4 mg/kg, and ranged from 87.5${\pm}$0.0 to 93.3${\pm}$2.6 for the tested fruits and vegetable, respectively, and the repeatability (as relative standard deviation) from three repetitive determinations of recoveries were no larger than 6%. The calculated limit of detection was 0.02 mg/kg and the minimum detectable level of 4 ng for triflumizole was easily detected. When triflumizole was sprayed onto the apple trees three times at 50-40-30 and 40-30-21 days prior to harvesting and four times onto the pear trees at 40-30-21-14 days prior to harvesting, the mean residual amounts of 0.05 and 0.06 mg/kg for apples and pears, respectively, were not detected in all of the treatments. When the cucumber sample was fumigated four times at 7, 5, 3 and 1 day prior to harvesting, the mean residual amount was not detectable. Triflumizole can be used safely when sprayed (wettable powder, 30% active ingredient) and fumigated (10%) 4 times at 14 and 1 day prior to harvesting to protect the fruits and vegetable, respectively.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제64권1호
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• pp.18-24
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• 2019

콩 발아기간 중 몇 가지 물리적 요인(열 처리, 수분공급 제한, 조명 처리, 초음파 처리)이 이소플라본 함량 증대에 미치는 영향에 대하여 알아보았다. 1. 대조군과 함께 4가지 처리는 모두 발아시간이 경과함에 따라 이소플라본 함량이 높아졌다. 2. 초음파 처리가 이소플라본 함량 증대에 가장 큰 효과가 있었으며, 발아기간 중 조명 처리도 유의성이 인정되었다. 3. 열처리도 이소플라본 함량 증대에 유의적인 효과가 있었으나 발아기간 중 부패립이 많이 발생하는 문제가 있었으며, 수분제한은 대조군에 비해 이소플라본 함량이 떨어지는 경향이었다. 4. 이소플라본 종류별 함량을 분석한 결과 malonyl-glucoside가 대체로 총 이소플라본 함량의 85% 이상을 차지하였고 다음으로는 glucoside > aglycone > acetyl-glucoside 순서로 함량이 높았으며, 발아가 진행되면서 aglycone 함량이 증가하는 경향이었다. 이와 같은 결과를 볼 때 발아기간 중 외부의 물리적 요인 처리가 콩 종자의 이소플라본 함량을 증대시킴을 확인할 수 있었다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제17권9호
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• pp.1296-1302
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• 2004

This study was conducted to evaluate the possible application of 2 D-SDS-PAGE (2 DE)-based proteome analysis techniques to the assessment of extreme proteolysis in postmortem skeletal muscle. Eight Hanwoo longissimus muscles were incubated immediately after slaughter for 24 h at 5$^{\circ}C$, 15$^{\circ}C$ or 36$^{\circ}C$. Warner Bratzler (WB)-shear force and ultrastructural configuration were determined at 24 h, and rate of proteolysis to 24 h was determined by 1 D-SDS-PAGE (1 DE) and 2 DE. In addition, tentative protein identification was performed from peptide mass fingerprints of MALDI-ToF analysis of major protein groups on 2 DE profiles. The result showed that although ultrastructural configuration was similar between the 5$^{\circ}C$ and 36$^{\circ}C$ treatments, meat at 5$^{\circ}C$ had higher WBshear force (approximately 5 kg greater). A higher rate of protein degradation at 36$^{\circ}C$ was observed based on Troponin-T degradation, 1 DE, and 2 DE analysis. This indicates that proteolysis during the early postmortem period was a significant determinant of shear force at 24 h. Little difference in proteolysis between 5$^{\circ}C$ and 15$^{\circ}C$ treatments was found based on classic 1 DE profile assessment. Meanwhile, considerable differences in the 2 DE profiles between the two treatments were revealed, with substantially higher rate of proteolysis at 15$^{\circ}C$ compared to 5$^{\circ}C$. Nuclease treatment improved 2 DE profile resolution. 400 ${\mu}$g and 600 ${\mu}$g of sample loading appeared to be appropriate for 24 cm pH 3-10 and pH 5-7 IPG strips, respectively. Protein detection and quantification of the 5$^{\circ}C$, 15$^{\circ}C$ and 36$^{\circ}C$ 2 DE profiles revealed 78, 163 and 232 protein spots respectively that were differentially modified in terms of their electrophoretic properties between approximately pI 5.3-7.7 with the molecular weight range of approximately 71-12 kDa. The current results demonstrated that 2 DE was a superior tool to 1 DE for characterising proteolysis in postmortem skeletal muscle.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제3권3호
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• pp.21-27
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• 2012

본 연구에서는 20대와 30대를 대상으로 성별, 직업별, 모발의 굵기 등 다양한 탈모의 원인들을 통한 자가인식의 정도를 파악하고 이에 따른 두피관리 행위의 실태를 알아보고자 하였다. 본 연구의 자료는 부산 경남지역에 거주하는 20대와 30대 262명을 대상으로 설문조사를 하였으며, 수집된 자료는 SPSS version 12.0을 이용하였다. 연구문제와 관련하여 빈도, 백분율, ${\chi}^2$검정 등을 적용하였다. 이상의 연구 분석 결과로 탈모에 관한 자가인식이 두피관리의 행위요인으로 귀결시킴으로써 연구대상자의 행위정도를 가름할 수 있었다. 이는 20대와 30대에서도 탈모에 관한 자가인식이 높을 수록 두피관리행위 또한 잘 실천하고 있다는 사실을 반영하는 것으로 탈모에 관한 자가인식은 두피관리와 밀접한 관계임을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.334-339
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• 1998

4~1$0^{\circ}C$ 냉장조건에서 신선한 광어의 이화학적 저장 안정성 증진을 목적으로 초산(v/v), 유산(v/v), 및 구연산(w/v) 침지 후 pH, TBA, 색도 및 관능평가에 대한 영양을 조사하였다. 4개의 처리구로 만든 광어는 각 0.5%의 초산, 유산, 및 구연산의 위생수에서 5분 침지 후 처리구별로 Whirl-Pak저장백에 넣은 다음 실험에 사용하였다. 5분 동안 초산 처리구의 pH 값은 4$^{\circ}C$, 12일 저장 동안 5.39에서 6.64의 범위에 존재하였다. 유기산 처리구는 저장기간 동안 대조구보다 낮은 pH 값을 유지하였으며 유산 및 구연산 처리구는 저장 9일 이후 유의적인 차이가 없었다. 유기산 처리구의 TBA 값은 4$^{\circ}C$ 저장동안 대조구보다 유의적(P<0.05)으로 높게 유지되었다. 각 유기산 처리구의 Hunter a, b값은 대조구보다 낮았으며, Hunter L 값은 대조구보다 높았다. 산 처리구의 관능평가 결과는 산 냄새 및 변색으로 신선한 대조구보다 낮게 좋았다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제15권11호
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• pp.1646-1652
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• 2002

Si-Raw is a raw cured meat (raw, cured meat fermented with steamed rice) produced by the aboriginal people of Taiwan. In order to prevent food poisoning or intoxication from botulism, new methods of monitoring the production base on hurdle technology were investigated. New methods investigated incorporated citric acid, sodium hypophosphite, Monascus anka mash, plum paste or lactic acid bacteria inoculum added separately to meat with steamed rice and salt to lower the Aw (water activity) and pH values of the products to control the microbial growth. Results showed that anaerobic bacterial counts, lactic acid bacterial counts and aerobic bacterial counts for the products of all treatments were less than $10^6$, $10^5$ and $10^2cfu/g$, respectively. Sodium chloride content of all products was above 5.46%, water activity was below 0.939 and pH value was below 4.27. IMP was lower and ATP and hypoxanthine were higher. ATP concentrations were higher in the samples which contained the anka mash. Result of sensory panel test indicated that most people preferred the products with added sodium hypophosphite. Except for the fact that the content of tryptamine in the sample with Monascus anka mash was higher, the amine concentrations for all treatments were lower than those of other fermented meat products. The amino acid nitrogen content was higher in the product made from raw meat treated with citric acid, but lower in the other products. Neither Clostridium botulinum nor Trichinella spiralis were detected in any of the treatments. The result may indicate that hurdle technology is effective for hygiene and safe producing Si-Raw.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.67-79
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• 2017

Objectives : The aim of this study was to report the effect of Korean medical therapy on pain and dysfunction after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. Methods : A 25-year-old man experienced severe pain after right ACL reconstruction surgery. He received Korean medical treatments such as acupuncture, herbal medicine, and physiotherapy from July 10, 2014 to August 2, 2014. Results : After the treatments, his visual analogue scale scores generally decreased and the range of motion of the right knee improved from $0^{\circ}$ to $90^{\circ}$. Furthermore, the Knee Infury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score increased from 99 to 142. Conclusion : The findings suggest that Korean medical treatments might be effectively used to treat pain and dysfunction after soft-tissue surgeries such as ACL reconstruction. Nevertheless, further research is warranted because of the limited sample size of this study.

• 약학회지
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.180-187
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• 1992

This study investigated the hypothesis that carcinogen-induced elevation of oxyradical during the hepatocarcinogenesis in rat. The hepatic preneoplastic lesions in the Spraque-Dawley rats were induced by the carcinogen treatment such as diethylnitrosamine(DEN) and acetylaminofluorene(AAF) in combination with partial hepatectomy(PH). The liver sample was taken at 2, 6, 10 and 16 months after carcinogen treatments followed by PH. Carcinogen treatments initially increased the indices of oxidative damage(activities of xanthine oxidase and production rates of superoxide anion, microsomal hydrogen peroxide, hydroxyl radical) in the liver compared to PH groups. However, cytosolic hydrogen peroxide did not change significantly throughout the full time period. Of hydrogen peroxide scavenger, the catalase was remained lower than PH groups, whereas the peroxidase was increased after carcinogen treatments. Morphologically, the immunohistochemical analysis with glutathione-S-transferase of a placenta form(GSTP) antibody was used to detect the induction of preneoplastic nodules. During the hepatocarcinogenesis, both production rate of hydroxyl radical and activity of glutathione-S-transferase(GST) markedly increased with the appearance of the preneoplastic nodule. These results indicated that the hydroxyl radical of reactive oxygen species seemed to have a major influence on the hepatocarcinogenesis and the effect of time after removal of the carcinogen also appeared to be highly critical in the hepatocarcinogenesis.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.304-310
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• 2007

This study was carried out to evaluate the phsicochemical, rheological and sensory characteristics of the restructured pork jerky with the addition of sliced cheese(4, 8 and 12%). The TC-1, TC-2 and TC-3 samples had lower moisture contents than the control, Crude protein and fat contents were significantly difference among all treatment (p<0.05). The crude ash and salinity values of TC-1, TC-2 and TC-3 were higher than the control. With the addition of sliced cheese(l2%), the manufacturing yield and water absorption ability were high among all the different treatments, but the control showed significantly higher values than TC-1, TC-2 and TC-3. The pH ranged from 5.62-6.01 in all treatments and the TC-3 sample had the highest pH, The water activity range was 0.70 - 0.74, and the various treatments had slightly higher than the control. The hardness of the TC-3( J 2%) treatment was the lowest among all the treatment. The strength values increased according to increases in sliced cheese, but there were no significant differences(p>0.05). The sensory evaluation for color and flavor received the highest scores in working males 6.96(TC-2) and student males 7.50(TC-2), respectively. The texture scores ranged from 7.07-7.63 and were the highest of all sensory evaluation factors, For overall acceptance the highest scores were received from student males(TC-3), student females(TC-2), working males(TC-2) and working females(TC-l), respectively.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.703-725
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• 2023

Objectives: This study investigated Korean medicine doctors' perspectives on clinical practice patterns in the process of developing Korean medicine clinical practice guidelines for benign prostatic hyperplasia. Methods: A questionnaire was developed for Korean medicine doctors. A total of 323 oriental medicine doctors participated in the survey, which was live for a total of 9 days from September 22, 2022, to September 30, 2022. Results: Regarding awareness of treatments for benign prostatic hyperplasia, 63.8% of respondents showed high awareness of Korean medical treatments. However, items such as diagnostic criteria (17.7%), evaluation methods (17.0%), and Western medical treatments (22.9%) showed low recognition rates. In clinical practice, 76.2% of respondents were found to treat five or fewer patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia per month, and the average treatment period was 1 to 3 months for most at 41.2%. Korean medicine doctors diagnosed benign prostatic hyperplasia based on clinical features. The main interventions used were acupuncture, herbal medicine (prescription medicine), and moxibustion. This study has several limitations because of the low response rate for this survey; therefore, the participants are not representative of all Korean medicine doctors. In addition, because the study was conducted broadly on various topics related to benign prostatic hyperplasia, sufficient quality management was not carried out. Further studies that include a larger sample size and more in-depth studies on benign prostatic hyperplasia are needed. Conclusions: It is necessary to develop appropriate and reasonable Korean medicine clinical practice guidelines for benign prostatic hyperplasia.