• 가족자원경영과 정책
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.53-72
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• 2002

The purpose of the research is to investigate the amount of private education expenditures for on-line education and the factors which affect on-line education expenditures and its decreasing effect of private education expenditures. The results of this study can provide basic materials to found policy to decrease private education market and private education expenditures. The sample of this study was 484 parents who had an experience using on-line education for their children being in mainly constituted by classes of pre-school over and less than high school student. The results was as follows. First, education expenditures for on-line education are 64,900won and the English and the Mathematics as main reasons using on-line education were that it is available for 24 hours and cheaper than off-line education. The parents got information for on-line education by internet, mass media and their next-door neighbors. Second, the significant variables which affect on-line education expenditures and its decreasing effect of education expenditures were the children's school level and financial related factors.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보디스플레이학회 2006년도 6th International Meeting on Information Display
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• pp.1465-1468
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• 2006

We developed a new ellipsometer for MURA detection. This ellipsometer can measure MURA along the slit line on the sample with high sensitivity, because this ellipsometer irradiates a slit beam onto the sample but can reject the reflected light from the back surface of the substrate. This ellipsometer is suitable for measuring MURA of the surface of sample with high sensitivity.

• 한국초전도ㆍ저온공학회논문지
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.11-15
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• 2002

High speed probe for measurement of sin91e flux quantum circuits is comprised of coaxial cables and microstrip lines in order to carry high speed signals without loss. For the impedance matching between coaxial cable and microstrip line, we have determined the dimension of the microstrip line with 50${\Omega}$ impedance by simulation and then have investigated the effect of line width and cross-sectional shape of signal line, dielectric material, thickness of soldering lead at the coaxial-to-microstrip transition Point, and the an91c between dielectric material and end part of the signal line on the characteristics of signal transmission of the microstrip line. From the simulation, we have found that these all parameter's had influenced on the characteristic of signal transmission on the microstrip line and should be reflected in fabricating high speed probe, We have also determined the dimension of coplanar waveguide to fabricate testing sample for performance test of high speed probe.

• 대한안전경영과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한안전경영과학회 2004년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.197-203
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• 2004

Railway system is consisted of various resources such as rail-line, signal, and railcar. It is necessary to efficiently utilize these limited and expensive resources as much as possible up to given line capacity. So far, we treat the line capacity as the criteria for evaluating investment alternatives or for restricting train frequencies, and this criteria is calculated statical and experimental numerical formula. But, line capacity has special attribute that changes dynamically according to operational conditions, so there is a need of new line capacity estimation system. In this paper, we present an improved systematic line capacity model. The proposed model has three main components ; TPS(lain performance simulator), PES(parameter evaluation simulator), LCS(line capacity simulator). The concept of each sub-component is described, including the evaluation method of capacity parameters. And capacity parameter evaluation and estimation results using sample line section data are presented.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.276-281
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• 2008

A flow injection analysis method (FIA), which analyzes sample conditions after injecting a sample and reagents into a continuous stream, are recognized as the most adequate analyzing method according to the increase of sampling frequency, the decrease of measuring time and the diversity of measuring targets. Specially, the FIA is considered to be used effectively for the control of a fermentation process to produce fermentation food and useful microbial production by activation of a fermentation industry for development of biological materials. In this study, a flow injection analysis sensor unit was developed for on-line monitoring of the fermentation process. The performance was verified by on-line measuring the concentration of glucose of the fermentation process of wine. The glucose concentrations of the samples were measured every 12 hours during the whole fermentation process and compared with those by a HPLC. The concentration relative errors of glucose on the fermentation process of wine showed below 30% within 72 hours and over 50% after the 72 hours. The sensor unit had potential to on-line monitoring of the fermentation process but some problems to overcome for an commercial application.

• 천문학회보
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.71.2-71.2
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• 2011

To investigate the properties of the narrow-line regions and the accretion disks of YRGs, we study a sample of 28 young radio galaxies (YRGs) observed with the Kast Double Spectrograph at the Shane 3-m telescope and with the DBSP (Double Spectrograph for the Palomar 200-inch Telescope) at Palomar observatory. In addition we collect an addition sample of 15 YRGs with the optical spectra from the SDSS archive. We present the measured narrow-line region properties based on the various emission line ratios, i.e., [O III]/$H{\beta}$, [N II]/$H{\alpha}$, [S II] 6716/6731, [O I]/[O III], [O II]/[O III] and [Ar III]/[O III], which are useful to constrain the gas properties and the states of the accretion disk. We will discuss the characteristics of YRG.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제25권8호
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• pp.1156-1160
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• 2004

The technique of an on-line preconcentration by the direct sulfide precipitation has been developed. Sn was homogeneously precipitated by sulfide, which was generated in situ from the hydrolysis of thioaceteamide. Precipitate was collected on a filter in the line and dissolved out instantaneously by KOH to be sent to an ICP. The enrichment factor was 4 with the sampling speed of 15/hr for 1.0 mL of sample. It was increased to more than 40 times when the sampling volume was increased to 10 mL with the sampling speed of 5/hr. $Sn^{2+}/Sn^{4+}$ could be separately determined with the on-line precipitation technique. The method was applied to the analysis of NIST SRM 1566 Oyster sample and yielded good agreement with the certified value.

• 천문학회보
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.75.1-75.1
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• 2012

Narrow-Line Seyfert 1 galaxies are arguably the most important AGN subclass in investigating the origin of the black hole mass-galaxy stellar velocity dispersion (MBH-${\sigma}$) relation because of their high accretion rates close to the Eddington limit. Currently, it is still under discussion whether NLS1s are off from the local MBH-${\sigma}$ relation. We select a sample of 325 NLS1 at relatively low redshift (z<0.1) from the SDSS DR7 by constraining FWHM of $H{\beta}$ in the range of 800-2,200 km/s. Among them, we measured stellar velocity dispersion of 40 objects which show strong stellar absorption lines, e.g. Mg b triplet(${\sim}5175{\AA}$), Fe($5270{\AA}$). In contrast, the other 285 objects show too weak stellar absorption lines to measure velocity dispersion. Using the sample of 40 objects with stellar velocity dispersion measurements, we investigate whether NLS1s follow the same MBH-${\sigma}$ relation as normal galaxies and broad line AGNs. We also test the reliability of the width of narrow lines as a surrogate of stellar velocity dispersion by comparing directly measured stellar velocity dispersion with ${\sigma}$ inferred from [O III], [N II], [S II] line widths, respectively. We will discuss the connection between AGN activity in NLS1s and galaxy evolution based on these results.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.790-794
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• 2012

Trace metal ions such as $Cd^{2+}$, $Ni^{2+}$, and $Zn^{2+}$ in a highly saline sample were subjected to on-line complexation with 4-(2-thiazolylazo) resorcinol (TAR) dissolved in a background electrolyte (BGE) under transient isotachophoresis (TITP) conditions. A long plug of the saline sample, containing the trace metal ions but devoid of TAR, was injected into a coated capillary filled with a BGE composed of 150 mM 2-(cyclohexylamino) ethanesulfonic acid (CHES) and 110 mM triethylamine (TEA) at pH 9.7. Since the electrophoretic mobility of TAR fell between the mobilities of the anionic leading electrolyte ($Cl^-$ in the sample) and the anionic terminating background electrolyte ($CHES^-$), a highly concentrated zone of TAR from the BGE was formed at the rear of the sample matrix and then the metal cations toward the cathode were swept by isotachophoretically assisted on-line complexation (IAOC) between the metal ions and the isotachophoretically stacked TAR. As a result, anionic metal-TAR complexes were formed efficiently, which satisfy the TITP conditions between $Cl^-$ and $CHES^-$. The enrichment factors of metal ions including $Cd^{2+}$ were up to 780-fold compared to a conventional CZE mode using absorbance detection. The detection limits were 17 nM, 15 nM, and 27 nM for $Ni^{2+}$, $Zn^{2+}$, and $Cd^{2+}$ in a 250 mM NaCl matrix, respectively. Our method was successfully applied to the analysis of urine samples without desalting.

• 한국근적외분광분석학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국근적외분광분석학회 2001년도 NIR-2001
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• pp.1171-1171
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• 2001

Quantitative analysis is an important requirement in exploration, mining and processing of minerals. There is an increasing need for the use of quantitative mineralogical data to assist with bore hole logging, deposit delineation, grade control, feed to processing plants and monitoring of solid process residues. Quantitative analysis using X-Ray Powder Diffraction (XRD) requires fine grinding and the addition of a reference material, or the application of Rietveld analysis to XRD patterns to provide accurate analysis of the suite of minerals present. Whilst accurate quantitative data can be obtained in this manner, the method is time consuming and limited to the laboratory. Mid infrared when combined with multivariant analysis has also been used for quantitative analysis. However, factors such as the absorption coefficients and refractive index of the minerals requires special sample preparation and dilution in a dispersive medium, such as KBr to minimize distortion of spectral features. In contrast, the lower intensity of the overtones and combinations of the fundamental vibrations in the near infrared allow direct measurement of virtually any solid without special sample preparation or dilution. Thus Near Infrared Spectroscopy (NIR) has found application for quantitative on-line/in line analysis and control in a range of processing applications which include, moisture control in clay and textile processing, fermentation processes, wheat analysis, gasoline analysis and chemicals and polymers. It is developing rapidly in the mineral exploration industry and has been underpinned by the development of portable NIR spectrometers and spectral libraries of a wide range of minerals. For example, iron ores have been identified and characterized in terms of the individual mineral components using field spectrometers. Data acquisition time of NIR field instruments is of the order of seconds and sample preparation is minimal. Consequently these types of spectrometers have great potential for in-line or on-line application in the minerals industry. To demonstrate the applicability of NIR field spectroscopy for quantitative analysis of minerals, a specific example on the quantification of lateritic bauxites will be presented. It has been shown that the application of Partial Least Squares regression analysis (PLS) to the NIR spectra can be used to quantify chemistry and mineralogy in a range of lateritic bauxites. Important, issues such as sampling, precision, repeatability, and replication which influence the results will be discussed.