• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.269-275
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• 1998

These studies were conducted to investigate the antiinflammatory effects and the mechanism of action of natural products. We used the methods of "carrageenan induced foot edema" , "PAF (platelet activating factor) induced foot edema" , "inhibition test of vascular permeability" , "inhibition test of white blood cell migration" , "formation of granuloma" and "adjuvant induced arthritis" to examine the antiinflammatory erects of Angelica gigas, Ledebouriella seseloides, Ginkgo biloba and Bamboo salt (Jukyom). The oral administration of the water extract of Angelica gigantis radix, the methanolic extract of Ginkgo folium and the aqueous solution of Bamboo salt showed antiinflammatory effect on carrageenan and PAF induced foot edema in SD rat at a dose of 1 g/kg. The same administration of methanolic extract of Ginkgo folium also inhibited the vascular permeability in mice. The aqueous solution of Bamboo salt inhibited the formation of ganuloma in SD rats at a oral dose of 1 g/kg. Angelica gigantis radix seems to have antiinflammatory effect by inhibition of PAF.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제58권4호
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• pp.359-365
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• 2014

The inhibition effect of cinnamon plant extract as a green corrosion inhibitor for steel in sulfide polluted salt water was studied by potentiodynamic polarization, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and electrochemical frequency modulation (EFM). The results showed that cinnamon plant extract in sulfide polluted salt water is a good corrosion inhibitor with inhibition efficiency reached to 80% at 250 ppm of the plant extract. The adsorption of cinnamon obeys Temkin adsorption isotherm, and acts as a mixed-type of inhibitor but dominantly as a cathodic inhibitor in sulfide polluted salt water.

• 한국표면공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국표면공학회 1999년도 춘계학술발표회 초록집
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• pp.18-18
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• 1999

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.278-286
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• 2012

사용 소금에 따른 된장의 암세포 성장 억제효과를 조사하기 위하여 4종의 천일염(1년 숙성 천일염, 4년 숙성 천일염, 토판염, 육염)을 사용하여 된장을 제조하였다. 대조구로는 정제염을 사용한 된장을 제조하여 실험을 수행하였다. 된장의 모든 제조 조건(원료, 제조방법, 발효 미생물, 발효조건 등)을 동일하게 하여주고 소금의 종류만을 달리하여 발효된 된장이 인체 위암세포(AGS)와 대장암세포(HT-29)의 성장 억제효과와 인간 정상세포(BJ)에 미치는 세포 독성을 조사하였다. 숙성된 된장을 물과 메탄올을 이용해 추출하여 사용 소금에 따른 된장의 암세포 성장억제효과를 MTT assay를 사용해 살펴보았다. 소금의 종류를 달리한 된장의 물 추출물과 메탄올 추출물은 AGS 위암세포, HT-29 결장암세포 대해서 모두 농도 의존적으로 높은 세포생육 억제율을 나타내었다. AGS의 경우 4년 숙성 천일염 된장의 물 추출물과 메탄올 추출물이 최대 처리 농도인 1.000 mg/mL에서 53%, 55%의 억제율을 나타내어 다른 종류의 소금에 비해 암세포 생육 억제효과가 매우 뛰어남을 확인하였다. 이어서 토판염, 육염, 1년 숙성 천일염, 정제염순으로 암세포 생육 저해 효과를 나타내는 것으로 관찰되었다. HT-29의 경우 AGS에 대한 암세포 성장 억제효과보다는 다소 낮지만 물 추출물의 최대 처리 농도 시 4년 숙성 천일염이 44%의 억제율을 보여 가장 높았으며 나머지 4종의 소금으로 제조한 된장들은 30~40% 정도의 억제 효과가 관찰되었다. 또한 메탄올 추출물에서도 위와 비슷한 경향을 보임을 확인하였으며 소금의 종류를 달리한 된장의 물 추출물과 메탄올 추출물은 모두 정상세포 BJ에 대해 세포독성을 거의 나타내지 않았으며 오히려 세포 성장효과를 보였다. 모든 추출물에서 우수한 암세포 생육 억제현상을 나타낸 4년 숙성 천일염 된장의 메탄올 추출물을 AGS, HT-29, BJ 세포에 처리하였을 때, 정상세포 BJ에 대해서는 처리 전후로 큰 차이가 관찰되지는 않았으나 세포 밀도의 감소와 함께 일부 세포 수축 현상을 관찰할 수 있었다. 따라서 이러한 결과들은 천일염 된장이 암세포 생육억제에 좋으며 그 중에서도 4년 숙성 천일염 된장이 가장 뛰어난 항암효과를 지님을 시사하고 있다.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제48권6호
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• pp.569-573
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• 2016

청국장의 불쾌취를 줄이고 B. cereus 증식을 억제하는데 다양한 첨가제의 효과를 검토하였다. 관능검사는 불쾌취와 맛에 대하여 각각 5점 척도법으로 실시하였다. 무첨가 청국장의 불쾌취 강도가 가장 높다고 평가되었으며, 소금 첨가구, 목초액 소금 첨가구, 고추씨기름 첨가구, 죽염 첨가구 순으로 높게 나타났다. 맛의 선호도는 고추씨기름 첨가 청국장이 다른 첨가구들보다 높았다. 각 첨가제들의 B. cereus 증식 억제 효과를 확인한 결과, 죽염이 다른 3개 첨가제에 비하여 그 효과가 가장 뛰어났다. 관능검사 결과 및 B. cereus 증식 억제 효과가 좋게 나타난 죽염 첨가 청국장과 무첨가 청국장의 냄새 성분을 추출, 농축하여 GC/MS로 분석하였다. 죽염 첨가 청국장에서 오렌지 유사 향인 1-ethoxy-1-methoxy-ethane이 무첨가구에 비해 크게 증가하였다. 결과적으로 죽염을 청국장에 첨가하는 것은 차폐에 의한 청국장의 불쾌취 감소뿐만 아니라 B. cereus 증식 억제에 효과적임을 확인하였다.

• 한방비만학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.64-73
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• 2018

Objectives: This study investigated the effect on microbial ecology, fermentation characteristics and anti-obesity of Platycodon grandiflorum (PG) fermentation with salt. Methods: PG was fermented for four weeks with 2.5% salt and the characteristics of fermented PG were performed by measuring pH, total sugar content, viable bacteria number and microbial profiling. Also, we measured total polyphenol, flavonoid and the percent of inhibition of lipase activity and lipid accumulation. Results: Salt added to PG for fermentation had an effect on pH, total sugar, total and the number of lactic acid bacteria. Total sugar and pH were reduced and number of total and lactic acid bacteria were increased after fermentation. The majority of bacteria for fermentation were Lactobacillus plantarum, Leuconostoc psedomesenteroides and Lactococcus lactis subspecies lactis regardless of salt addition. However, microbial compositions were altered by added salt and additional bacteria including Weissella koreensis, W. viridescens, Lactobacillus sakei and Lactobacillus cuvatus were found in fermented PG with salt. Total flavonoid was increased in fermented PG and lipid accumulation on HepG2 cells treated with fermented PG was reduced regardless of salt addition. Moreover, fermented PG without salt suppressed lipase activity. Conclusions: Addition of salt for PG fermentation had influence on fermentation characteristics including pH and sugar content as well as number of bacteria and microbial composition. In addition, fermented PG showed anti-obesity effect by increasing flavonoid content and inhibition of lipase activity and lipid accumulation.

• 대한치과의사협회지
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• 제50권9호
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• pp.552-557
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• 2012

Bamboo salt is a special processed salt by Korean traditional recipe. Recent study results showed that bamboo salt or bamboo salt with some other materials like herbal extracts have the anti-microbial activity, inhibition effects of dental plaque and gingival inflammation. Bamboo salt also showed anti-cariogenic effects; remineralization and acid resistance. Compare to fluoride toothpaste, bomboo salt toothpaste with fluoride showed the more effective remineralization on inner part of the early dental caries lesion. It increased the surface hardness and decreased lesion depth of early dental caries lesion. Thus, it is suggested thai bamboo salt could be used as a anti-microbial, anti-plaque, anti-inflammatory and anti-cariogenic material for oral disease prevention. Especially, bamboo salt dentifrice with fluoride can be recommanded as a useful remineralizing agent.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2007

된장제조 중 녹차추출물 첨가 및 죽염을 사용할 경우 돌연변이 억제작용 및 in vitro 항암 기능이 증진되는 것으로 나타났다. 돌연변이원 $AFB_1$에 대해 시료처리 농도 1.25 mg/plate에서는 녹차추출물을 첨가하지 않은 된장, 1% 및 2% 첨가 된장은 각각 63%, 85%, 87%의 항돌연변이 효과를 보여서 녹차 첨가에 의해 활성이 현저히 높아졌으나 녹차 1% 와 2%첨가에서 큰 차이는 보이지 않았다. MNNG에 대해서도 이러한 경향은 마찬가지였고, 녹차추출물 1% 첨가된장에 죽염을 사용했을 때는 더욱 높은 항돌연변이 효과를 나타냈다. 녹차추출물을 첨가한 된장의 in vitro 항암효과를 살펴 본 결과, PC-3인체 전립선암세포에서 0.5 mg/mL로 시료를 처리했을 때 대조군인 일반된장이 46%의 항암활성을 나타낸 데 비하여 녹차추출물을 1% 첨가한 시료는 70%, 2% 첨가한 시료는 77%의 암세포 생존저해효과를 나타내어 첨가 농도가 증가할수록 인체 전립선암세포의 생존을 더 크게 억제함을 알 수 있었다. 또한 죽염을 사용했을 때(녹차 1% 첨가군) 항암활성이 더욱 높아졌으며, 녹차 2% 첨가와 비슷하거나 더 높은 항암효과를 보였다. 다른 인체 전립선암세포인 DU145를 이용한 항암효과 실험에서도 같은 경향을 보여서 녹차추출물을 첨가하거나 죽염을 사용함으로써 된장의 항돌연변이 및 항암활성을 증진시킴을 알 수 있었다.

• 운동영양학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.95-101
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to evaluate changes of body composition, cardio-respiratory function in ventilation threshold (VT) and maximal state exercise, systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and serum nitric oxide (NO) production during acute reducing salt (RS) supplementation in college elite athletes. Variables of cardio-respiratory function during rest, ventilation threshold and maximal exercise was not shown a significantly difference between RS supplementation and non-supplementation, there was shown a significant increase in ventilation threshold time (p<0.05) and exhaustion time (p<0.05) during RS supplement compared to non-supplement. SBP and DBP were not shown a significant difference between RS supplement and non-supplement. This result suggests that acute intake of RS is not increased a blood pressure. Serum NO production was not significant difference in the RS supplement group, but it was shown a significantly increased levels (p<0.01, vs. recovery 30 min.) immediately after maximal exercise in the non-supplement group. This result suggests that acute intake of RS have important role in inhibition of serum NO production during maximal exercise. Conclusively, This study suggest that acute intake of RS was not influence in body composition variables, but it was positive effect in ventilation threshold time, exhaustion time, maintenance of blood pressure and inhibition of serum NO production in maximal treadmill exercise.

• 통합자연과학논문집
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.103-112
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• 2011

This study was carried out on 4 batch reactors to determine the specific ammonium oxidizing rate (SAOR), specific nitrate forming rate (SNFR) and inhibitory degree of nitrifying activities with saline concentrations. Under salt free condition ammonia was consumed during the reaction period within 200 min. When the salt level increased to 10, 20 and 30 g $NaClL^{-1}$ in reactor, ammonia depletion took 250, 300 and above 350 min, respectively. During concentration above 10 g $NaClL^{-1}$, there was nitrite accumulation. Also, at 30 g $NaClL^{-1}$ ammonia did not depleted and $NO_2{^-}$-N accumulated until the final reaction. Nitrate formation rates decreased with increasing salt concentration. SAOR and SNFR showed a decreasing trend as salinity concentrations were increased. The SAOR was reduced from 0.2 to 0.08 mg $NH_4{^+}$-N $g^{-1}VSS\;day^{-1}$ as the salt concentration increased from 0 to 30 g $NaClL^{-1}$. Similarly, the SNFR decreased from 0.26 kg $NO_3{^-}$-N $kg^{-1}VSS\;day^{-1}$ at saline free to 0.1 kg $NO_3{^-}$-N $kg^{-1}VSS\;day^{-1}$ at saline 30 g L-1. A severe inhibition of nitrifiers activity was observed at increased salt concentrations. The inhibition ratio of specific ammonium oxidation rates were 17, 47 and 60% on the reactor of 10, 20 and 30 g $NaClL^{-1}$ added, respectively. The inhibition ratio of specific nitrate forming rates also were inhibited 30, 53 and 62% on the reactor of 10, 20 and 30 g $NaClL^{-1}$ added, respectively. As the salinity concentrations increased from 0 to 30 mg $NaClL^{-1}$, the average MLSS concentration increased from 1,245 to 1,735 $mgL^{-1}$. The SS concentration of supernatant in reactor which settled about 30 minutes was not severely difference between concentration of salt free reactor and one of those high salt contained reactors.